PATTERNS AND

NUMBERS IN THE
NATURE AND THE
C

WORLD
Mathematics in the Modern World Lesson 1
• The beginning of mathematics is a human invention and is nearly
as old as humanity itself.

• It began as a method to represent thoughts about quantity, form,

patterns, and changes.

• In this discussion, we will be looking at patterns and regularities in

the world, and how mathematics come into play, both in nature and
in human endeavor.
Patterns are regular, repeated, or recurring
forms or designs.

Examples:
1. Layout of floor tiles
2. Designs of buildings
3. The way we tie our shoelaces

Studying patterns help us in identifying

relationships and finding local connections to
form generalizations and make predictions.
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World

HONEYCOMB
-Nest built by bees.
It is made from beeswax,
and is composed of cells in
the shape of hexagon,
sometimes pentagon or
heptagon.
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World

SNOWFLAKES
-A feathery snow crystal which
nucleated from dust particles
suspended in the atmosphere.
-Molecules in ice crystals join to
form hexagonal structure, which is
then repeated as the crystal
accumulate more crystals and grow
in size.
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World
TIGER STRIPES
-The stripes on the tiger are, in
general, evenly spaced and
perpendicular to the spine.
-The stripes help with camouflage,
they allow the tiger to blend with
the environment.
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World

HYENA’S SPOTS
-The spots on Hyenas are
shaped and distributed in a
pattern that helps also with
camouflage.
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World

SUNFLOWER
-A sunflower displays many
patterns, the most prominent
among them are intersecting
families of spirals.
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World

SNAIL’S SHELL
-The snail’s shell has the shape
of a spiral.
-The radius of the shell
increases in length as the
mollusk grows inside the shell
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World

FLOWER’S PETALS
-The number of petals of a flower
are observed to follow the
following pattern:
3, 5, 8, 13, . . . Which are numbers
found in Fibonacci Sequence.
Frequently Observed Patterns in Nature and World

WEATHER PATTERNS
• Weather is observed to repeat a pattern for
days, weeks, or months after which a new
weather sets in.
• This sequence of weather patterns
produces a cycle, such as dry monsoon
seasons, summer-autumn-winter-spring
seasons, habagat-amihan wind patterns,
etc.
 THE FIBONACCI
SEQUENCE AND THE C

GOLDEN RATIO
Mathematics in the Modern World Lesson 2
The Fibonacci Sequence:

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, …

Example: Find .

𝐹 𝑛 =𝐹 𝑛−1 +𝐹 𝑛−2
𝐹 1 3 =𝐹 1 2 +𝐹 11
𝐹 1 3 =144+89
𝐹 1 3 =233
Binet’s Formula
• It is easy to find the nth Fibonacci number if the two previous
numbers, and are known. Suppose we want to find F20. Using the
definition, it is tedious and time consuming to compute F19 and
F18 to determine F20. Fortunately, Jacques Binet in 1543 was able
to find a formula for the nth Fibonacci number:
Use Binet’s formula and a calculator to find the 20th Fibonacci
number.

( ) ( )]
20 20
1 1+ √ 5 1 −√5
𝐹 20= [ −
√5 2 2

6765
Fibonacci Spiral
The Golden Ratio
Fibonacci numbers have an interesting attribute. When you divide
one of the Fibonacci numbers to its previous one, you will get results
that are so close to each other. After the 13th number in the series, the
ratio will be fixed at 1.618 known as the Golden Ratio. The symbol
for the golden ratio is (Phi).

1+ √ 5
𝜙= =1 . 61803398875
2
For your Prelim 2nd Output…
• Draw a Golden Rectangle. Pass before the Prelim Exam.

• How to draw - the Fibonacci sequence _ golden

spiral - step by step tutorial (english).mp4