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Principles of Teaching 1
THE ELEMENTS
OF TEACHING
AND LEARNING
The principal elements that make teaching and learning
possible and attainable are the teachers, the learners, and a
conducive learning environment. The teacher serves as the
prime mover of the educational wheel. The learners are the
key participants in the learning process. The favourable
environment provides essential features and ingredients that
could make headway in guiding the processes and
methodologies needed for a smooth linkage among the
three.
THE LEARNER
•The Nature of the Learner
Intellect
All learners are equipped with cognitive as well as
appetitive faculties however, they differ in the degree to
which they are utilized and expressed on the account of
the learners’ abilities, aptitudes, interests, values and
attitudes and home background.
1. Ability
The students’ native ability dictates the prospects of
success in any purposeful activity. It determines their
capacity to understand and assimilate information for
their own use and application.
2. Aptitude
It refers to the students’ innate talent or gift. It
3. Interests
Learners vary in activities that are undertaken
disposition.
Some positive attitudes are curiosity,
1. Verbal-linguistic Intelligence
2. Logical-mathematical Intelligence
3. Spatial Intelligence
4. Bodily-kinaesthetic Intelligence
5. Musical Intelligence
6. Interpersonal Intelligence
7. Intrapersonal Intelligence
8. Naturalist Intelligence
•Learning Styles
The furniture, like the table for demonstration located in front of the
room and the chairs facing it are neatly arranged with sufficient
spaces in-between for ease in moving around. Display shelves for
safekeeping of projects, collections and outstanding work are located
at the sides. Attached to the wall is the bulletin board for hanging
posters, announcements and illustrations about the unit being
undertaken. During discussions, the board in front is used for
clarifying step-by-step procedures and making clearer diagrams,
illustrations and figures.
cont.
Teaching devices like globes, maps and charts are kept in nearby
cabinets, together with simple tools and materials. A temporary
table is placed at the right side where supplies, materials and
handled instruments are arranged, ready for the day’s lesson.
Physical Condition of the Classroom
Pine and Horn (1990) described the learning environment that facilitates
learning. It is an environment: