Polynomials

Chapter 2

*Take Notes during this presentation

 What are we going to learn?
Zero of a
What are
Polynomial
polynomials?

Formation of
Visualization of Polynomials
formulas
Geometrical
Degree of a Meaning of
Polynomial Zeroes

Types of
Division Algo
Polynomials
 What are
Polynomials
 Poly-nomials

Poly means Nomials means

“Many” “Terms”

Polynomials = Many Terms

What are Terms?

3 Terms 1 Term 2 Terms

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 5

 Click icon to add picture

Definition

A polynomial in one variable x, is an algebraic expression of the

form

Where n is a non-negative integer and a is constant.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 6

Quick Recap
Degree of a
Polynomial
Degree of a Polynomial
• Highest power of the variable in a polynomial is its degree.
Highest Power =
Co-efficient
Degree

• Example –

Constant Variable

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 9

Degree of a Polynomial – Exercise
• Find the degree of the below polynomials :-

• 56y+27

• 27

9/3/20XX 10
 Types of
Polynomial
Why is degree important?
Degree tells us the type of polynomial. See the below table –

Degree Type Example

0 Constant Polynomial

1 Linear Polynomial

2 Quadratic Polynomial

3 Cubic Polynomial

4 Biquadratic or Quartic
Polynomial

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 12

Do it Yourself! (Type of Polynomials)

9/3/20XX 13
 Value of
Polynomial
Value of a Polynomial at a given point
• To derive the value of the polynomial, just replace the variables
with the point at which you want to find the value.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 15

Example

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 16

Quick Recap
 Zero of a
Polynomial
Zero of a Polynomial
• A polynomial is said to have a Zero when we put its equation equal to 0.

• Ex – Find the Zero of

Step 1: Put the Equation equal to

0.

Step 2: Solve the equation.

• Hence, -7/5 is the Zero of the polynomial.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 19

Do it Yourself!
Q - If 2 is a Zero of a polynomial , then find the value of a.

9/3/20XX 20
 Geometrical
meaning of Zeroes
of a Polynomial
What does it mean?
• Zeroes of polynomials can be represented on a graph. But these graphs are different for different
polynomials. Ex -

Linear Polynomials are represented Quadratic Polynomials are

by a Straight line in the graph. represented by a curved line in the
graph.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 22

Linear Polynomial
Representing on the graph. Steps -:

Write the equation as

Now, to get the value of y, we will assume value of x

After assuming value of x, we get our y and draw the graph

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 23

Step 1 – Equation

Step 2 – Assume value of X

Step 3 – Find out Y

X Y
0 3
1 5
2 7

Get the Co-ordinates and draw the

graph!

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 24

Example

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 25

Quadratic Polynomial
Representing on the graph. Steps -:

Write the equation as

Now, to get the value of y, we will assume values of x

After assuming value of x, we get our y and draw the graph

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 26

Step 1 – Equation

Step 2 – Assume value of X

Step 3 – Find out Y

X Y
-2 7
-1 0
0 -5
1 -8
2 -9
3 -8

Get the Co-ordinates and draw the

graph!
9/3/20XX Presentation Title 27
Example

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 28

 Quick Recap

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 29

Understanding
the Quadratic
Graph

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 30

The Coefficient of determines the direction in which the
parabola opens

For positive coefficient, For negative coefficient,

parabola opens up! parabola opens down!

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 31

Zero of the polynomial on graphs
• Wherever the line of the polynomial will cut the x-axis, that will be your Zero of
the polynomial.

In case of linear equations, line

will cut x-axis at one point.

Since the line cuts x-axis at one

point, this means that linear
equations have One Zero.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 32

Graphs of Quadratic Equation
• There can be three cases in case of Quadratic Equations…

Case I

Polynomial
line will cut x-
axis at 2 points
= 2 zeroes.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 33

Graphs of Quadratic Equation

Case II

Polynomial
line will cut x-
axis at 1 points
= 1 zero.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 34

Graphs of Quadratic Equation

Case III

Polynomial
line will NOT
cut x-axis. No
zero.

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 35

 Quick Recap

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 36

 Relationship
between Zeroes
and Coefficients
of a Polynomial

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 37

What does it mean?

• Relationship between Zeroes and Coefficients

2 is the “zero” of ax+b

Relationship

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 38

How to find?
• To find the relationship

1. Write the Polynomial. ()

2. Put it equal to 0. ()

3. Solve for the variable. ()

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 39

Relationship between different Polynomials and their
Zeroes.
Type of Polynomial General Form Maximum Relationship between Zeroes and coefficients
Number of
Zeroes

Linear 1

Quadratic 2 Sum of Zeroes = ,

Product of Zeroes =

Cubic 3 Sum of Zeroes = ,

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 40

Cubic Cont.
Type of Polynomial General Form Maximum Relationship between Zeroes and coefficients
Number of
Zeroes

Cubic 3 Sum of Product of Zeroes taken two at a time.

= =

Product of Zeroes

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 41

Do it Yourself!
The sum of the zeroes of the Polynomial is :-

a. -3
b. 3
c. -4
d. 4

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 42

Thank you

9/3/20XX Presentation Title 43