GENERAL MATHEMATICS

CHAPTER 1. FUNCTIONS AND THEIR GRAPHS

LESSON 2: Different types of functions
Evaluation of functions

Ms. Arlyn G. Calipayan

Subject Teacher
 POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION
A function that involves only non-negative integer powers or only positive
integer exponents of a variable in an equation.

 𝑓(𝑥) =

where:
n---- non-negative integer
, , … , --- real numbers

decreasing order of the power of x.



*Polynomial with higher degree is named after the degree.

 Example: Write the given polynomials functions
in standard form
3 4 2
1. 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )=4 𝑥 − 16 𝑥 − 4+ 𝑥 − 𝑥

4 3 2
𝑓 ( 𝑥 )= 𝑥 + 4 𝑥 − 𝑥 −16 𝑥 − 4
2. 𝑦 = 1 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2+5 𝑥 5 +7 𝑥3 − 5
6
51 4 3 2
𝑦 =5 𝑥 + 𝑥 +7 𝑥 − 𝑥 −5
6
3. 𝑃 ( 𝑥 ) = ( 3 𝑥 +5 ) ( 𝑥 +1 )
2
3 𝑥 +3 𝑥+5 𝑥 +5
2
𝑝 ( 𝑥 )=3 𝑥 + 8 𝑥+5
 Rules in Polynomial
The variable has no/not:

negative exponent

fractional exponent

inside the radical sign

variable in the
denominator
Example: Determine whether each of the following
is a polynomial function or not..

a) 𝑦 =14 𝑥 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑎𝑙
b) 𝑦 =5 𝑥 − 4 √ 2 𝑥+ 𝑥
3
𝑁𝑂𝑇
3 1
c) 4
𝑦 = 𝑥 +3 𝑥 +74
𝑁𝑂𝑇
Example: Determine whether each of the following
is a polynomial function or not..

a) 𝑦 =1 − 16 𝑥 2 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑎𝑙
1 2 3
b) 3
+ 4
− 5 𝑁𝑂𝑇
2𝑥 3𝑥 4𝑥

c) 𝑁𝑂𝑇
 3 2
𝑃 ( 𝑥 )=2 𝑥 + 5 𝑥 +7 𝑥 −5

• The leading term is the term with the highest

exponent.
• The leading coefficient is the numerical
coefficient of the leading term.
• The degree of a polynomial function is the highest
exponent.
Degree of polynomial function

A. Constant Function
B. Linear Function
C. Quadratic Function
D. Cubic Function
E. Quartic Function
A. Constant Function

 is a special kind of polynomial and defined by the equation

f(x)= c where c ∈ ℝ. In this function each x value
corresponds to one and only one y value.
B. Linear Function

 is defined by the equation p(x)= where degree is

1.
C. Quadratic Function
 it is a polynomial function in the second
degree whose graph is a parabola. It is defined
by the equation P(x)= + 𝑏𝑥 + c
D. Cubic Function
 It is defined by the equation P(x)= + + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 ,
highest degree is 3
E. Quartic Function
 It is defined by the equation P(x)= + + + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒
where 𝑎1 ≠ 0.
 2. RATIONAL FUNCTION

 A rational function is any function which can be written

as the ratio of two polynomial functions.

 The domain of a rational function 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑔(𝑥) ℎ(𝑥) is the set

of all values of x for which the denominator h(x) is not
zero.
3. RADICAL FUNCTION
 A radical function is defined by the equation
𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑔(𝑥) 𝑛 wherein 𝑔(𝑥) is a polynomial function and n is
non-negative integer greater than 1.
 The function 𝑓(𝑥) = √2𝑥 + 4 is an example of a radical function.
4. EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION
 An exponential function is defined by the equation f(x) =
wherein a ≥ 0 and a ≠ 1.

 The function f(x) = is an example of an exponential

function.
5. LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION
 A logarithmic function is an inverse of an exponential
function and is defined by the equation f(x) = where a≥0
and a ≠1.
 The function f(x) = is an example of a logarithmic function.
6. PIECEWISE-DEFINED FUNCTION
 A piecewise-defined function is a function whose definitions
involve more than one formula.
 An absolute value function is an example of a piecewise-
defined function.
EVALUATION OF FUNCTION

 One way to sketch the graph of a function is to determine a

set of few points satisfying the function.
 Evaluating a function means replacing the variable in the
function, in this case x, with a value from the function’s
domain and computing for the result.
 Consider the given values of x in the following table:

x -2 -1 0 1 2
f(x) or y
To find the value of the function f(x) = 2x − 1, we substitute each value of x in the function:
 x -2 -1 0 1 2
f(x) or y -5 -3 -1 1 3
EXAMPLE 1:
1. Evaluate the function f(x) = 3 + 4x – 2, if x = -5, -1, 7
2. Determine the values of the function g(x) = , if x = -6,
0, 10
 3. Evaluate the function f(x) = if x = −2.

8
𝑓 (− 2 )=
( − 2 )+ 2

= UNDEFINED

*Since the denominator is 0, the function is not defined

when x=-2. Hence, -2 is not in the domain of f(x).
4. Evaluate the function r(x) = ; x= 1

UNDEFINED

*Since the radicand is negative, the function is not

defined when x=1. Hence, 1 is not in the domain of r(x).
Prepared by: Ms. Arlyn G. Calipayan