PRESENTATION

SKILLS
By Prof. Bong Bue
 PERFORMANCE AREAS
• Establish and maintain rapport with participants;
• Create a non-threatening atmosphere;
• Open and close the session with impact;
• Establish consistency/congruency between content and
feeling;
• Express self in a persuasive manner;
• Deliver in confidence;
• Present in a clear, logical and organized manner;
• Master the subject matter;
• Use effectively his/her voice and gestures, including facial
expressions
How to make opening a little
more interesting
• Relate to human interest;
• Use exhibits;
• Ask a rhetorical question;
• Use quotations or an appropriate story;
• Use shocking facts;
• Show how the topic is an immediate need
How to make closing a little
more interesting
• Summarize points you have made. Show
how they relate to each other to support
your purpose;
• Have a definite appeal for action, with
supporting material to motivate;
• Use a story, quotation, or example that
illustrate your message
10 Tips for Powerful
Presentations
1. Begin 6. Never read;
dramatically; 7. Take charge;
2. Be brief; 8. Be sincere;
3. Be organized; 9. Consider
4. Use Humor; conditions;
5. Keep it simple; 10.Tell stories
Tips for Making Effective
Presentations
• Check the room and materials ahead of time
• Make sure that your appearance is appropriate
• Start promptly
• Remember that the first 5 minutes sets the tone
• Greet people as they enter
• Speak confidently and with respect
• Look for a friendly face
Tips for Making Effective
Presentations
• Become aware of distracting mannerisms
• Use a podium or a pointer appropriately
• Be willing to change your approach or material to
meet the needs of participants
• Affirm participants’ responses
• Plan introductions of other presenters
• Don’t make excuses
 Audience Analysis
• Have you considered what motives your listeners have that
are relevant to your topic in this situation?
• Have you considered what interests your listeners have and
ways those interests will make them attentive or
inattentive to your talk?
• Have you considered how the opinions and policies of
your listeners relate to your talk?
• Have you considered what images your listeners might be
trying to maintain?
• Have you thought about what beliefs, values, and plans
your listeners hold?
 Audience Analysis
• Have you thought about external (objective) data and
internal (subjective) characteristics that your audience is
sensitive to?
• Have you considered what social rewards or punishments
your listeners are sensitive to?
• Have you thought about the roles of your ego and that your
listeners in overcoming barriers to good communication?
• Are you sincerely and respectfully attempting to emphasize
with your listeners and their demographic, personality, and
belief differences and similarities?

Source: Gary Cronkhite, Public Speaking and Critical Listening

Participants’ Behavior and Hints
• Heckler
– Aggressive, argumentative. Gets satisfaction from needling others
• Overly talkative
– An “eager beever”; A show-off; exceptionally well-informed and
anxious to show it; just plain talkative
• Griper
– May have a pet peeve; or may gripe for the sake of complaining.
In some cases, the person may have a legitimate complaint
• Won’t talk
– The person may be: bored, uninvolved, superior, timid, Unsure
Participants’ Behavior and Hints
• Personality Clash
– Sometimes differences of opinion can get too sharp. In other
cases, two people just don’t get along
• Side conversationalist
– May be commenting on subject matter, but usually personal
conversation
• Definitely wrong
– This person may either be confused or Misinformed
Ten Commandments of
Learning Tool Production
1. Don’t overcrowd your learning tool
2. Be consistent in format, layout and
conventions
3. Use appropriate typefaces and point sizes
4. Use bold and italic for emphasis, but
don’t overuse
5. Use titles, headings, and subheadings to
clarify and guide
Ten Commandments of
Learning Tool Production
6. Use numbers to direct through sequences
7. Use symbols and icons as identifying markers
8. Use graphics and illustrations to reinforce ideas
9. Use color/audio/music to stimulate, but not
overpower, the senses
10. Produce the learning tool with technical
excellence-quality printing, good audio, clear
copies, etc.
HBS Research on Information
Retention
100% was what the speaker wanted to say
• VERBAL
– Approx 80% was said, 60% was heard, 40% was remembered
after 3 hours, 15% after 3 days, 0-5% after 3 months
• VERBAL + VISUAL
– Approx 60% was remembered after 3 days, 40-50% after 3 months
• VERBAL+VISUAL+NOTES
– Approximately 80% was remembered after 3 days, 60-70% after 3
months
Tell me, and I will forget.
Show me, and I may remember.
Involve me, and I will understand.
- Confucius, 450 B.C.