CDRA STEP 6: Summarize

Findings
DILG REGION IX
April 26-30, 2021
 OBJECTIVES

Identify major decision areas based on the vulnerabilities

1 and risks

Identify a menu of disaster risk reduction and climate

2 change adaptation options within major decision areas
PROCESS OVERVIEW
 STEP 6 PROCESS

1. Identify major
decision areas

2. Further detail the

identified policy intervention
 LAND USE INTERVENTIONS

Source: EMI 2013

 LAND USE INTERVENTIONS

Source: EMI 2013

INVESTMENT PROGRAMS
 RISK MANAGEMENT
OPTIONS
Risk avoidance or elimination

Risk reduction or mitigation

• risk or loss reduction through mitigation
• risk or loss reduction through preparedness
• segregation of exposure through duplication or redundancy
• segregation of exposure through separation

Risk sharing or risk transfer

Risk retention or acceptance

Removing a risk
Reducing the
trigger by not Shifting the risk-
frequency of
locating in the bearing “DO-NOTHING
occurrence or the
area of responsibility to SCENARIO”
severity of the
potential hazard another party
consequence
impact

RISK MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

 SAMPLE RISK
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Structural Mitigation Measures Non-structural Measures
Hazard Mitigation (including Preparedness) and
Control Works (Temporary) Resistant Works (Permanent)
Risk Transfer
Earthquake • Shaping of slope • Cast-in-place concrete crib • Hazard-resistant design of the slope
and rain- (stepping) • Pre-cast block • Good design for construction of
induced • Vegetation • Ground anchor building at the toe of the slope
landslide • Cutting unstable soil and • Gravity retaining wall • Risk transfer (insurance, reinsurance,
rock mass • Concrete spraying works catastrophic bonds (cat bonds)
• Drainage and excavation • Crib retaining wall
of trenches • Soil nailing
Storm/ Flood • Sand bag dikes beside • Mechanical land treatment of • Hazard-resistant design and
river slope, such as terracing to construction
• Diversion trenches reduce the runoff coefficient • Flood and storm forecasting
• Artificial channels • Construction of dams/ dikes • Early warning system and training
• Construction of levees beside • Flood evacuation training programs
river • Coastal zone management plan
• Construction of bridges • Financial alternatives
• Other flood control structures • Risk transfer (insurance, reinsurance,
(i.e., spillways, concrete cat bonds)
channels, drainage)
 SAMPLE RISK
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Structural Mitigation Measures Non-structural Measures
Hazard
Mitigation (including Preparedness) and
Control Works (Temporary) Resistant Works (Permanent)
Risk Transfer

Volcanic • Excavation of trench • Construction of dikes • Volcanic-resistant design (i.e., roof )

Eruption • Shaping of slope • Evacuation planning
(stepping) • Public awareness
• Vegetation • Training program
• Drainage and excavation • Delineation of buffer zones
of trenches • Risk transfer (insurance, reinsurance,
cat bonds)
Earthquake None For concrete structures: • Hazard-resistant design and construction
Reinforce building with steel moment frame codes
Increase lateral support by infilling opening • Early warning system and training
Protect wall by stiffening floor • Earthquake evacuation planning and
training programs
For wood and other building structures: • Earthquake macro and micro zoning
Follow the existing building code for Monitoring and evaluation of old
retrofitting of the building under threat of the buildings for retrofitting
earthquake impact • Financial alternatives
• Risk transfer (insurance, reinsurance,
cat bonds)
 SAMPLE RISK
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

Risks Avoid or Eliminate Risks Reduce and Mitigate Risks Share and Transfer Risks Risk Retention
Infrastructure • Prohibit development in • Strengthen structure’s ability • Develop alternate • Take no action
risks high risk areas to resist hazard locations for key functions • Self-insure the
• Buyout and relocate • Change use or occupancy • Institute a geologic hazard stocks
structures in highly pattern of structure abatement district for • Treat physical
prone areas • Enforce stricter zoning and home owners to share in losses as
• Destroy and remove building standards future repair costs expenses
structures in hazard- • Develop response plans and • Real estate disclosures
prone areas improve hazards warning
systems
• Build redundant infrastructure
systems
• Secure items from damage and
loss
 SAMPLE RISK
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

Avoid or Eliminate Reduce and Mitigate Share and Transfer

Risks Risk Retention
Risks Risks Risks
Social and • Deny occupancy of • Integrate sociocultural • Promote incentives • Take no action
cultural risks hazardous buildings indicators into risk for homeowners, • Prepare shelter
• Protect cultural assessment renters and plans for displaced
• Fund hospitals and
assets through businesses to residents
social services
zoning standards mitigation purchase insurance
• Identify needs of • Create mutual aid
various population agreements
groups (e.g., elderly,
handicapped, women,
children)
 RISK MANAGEMENT
OPTIONS
Avoid or Eliminate Reduce and Mitigate Share and Transfer
Risks Risk Retention
Risks Risks Risks
Economic • Avoid or eliminate • Provide incentives • Shared • Take no action
risks capital stock risks by to mitigate or reduce responsibilities • Special funds or
mandating “smart” risk between government lines of credits for
growth or avoiding • Diversify income and private / lost revenues
high risk areas sources business sector
• Develop business • Attract wide range
retention and job of business types
placement programs • Mitigate risks to key
income generators
(base industries,
large employment
sectors)
• Incentives for
“smart” growth
• Build economic
alliances and
partnerships
 SAMPLE RISK
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

Risks Avoid or Eliminate Risks Reduce and Mitigate Risks Share and Transfer Risks Risk Retention
Natural • Eliminate sources of • Eliminate point sources of • Develop transfer of • Take no action
resource/ pollution pollution development rights • Brownfield clean-
environmental • Mandate use of • Launch clean-up efforts programs, or up and reuse costs
risks technologies (e.g., • Regulate use and storage of environmental land
emissions- free potential pollutants swaps
vehicles) • Reduce densities in sensitive • Greater shared
• Enforce strict zoning areas responsibilities of
• Habitat conservation plans Indigenous Peoples in
• Incentives for use of specific the management and
technologies protection of forests
• Incentives for good
development decisions
LAND USE MANAGEMENT
OPTIONS
25-Year Flood Hazard Overlay Zones
100-Year Flood Hazard Overlay Zones
 LAND USE MANAGEMENT
OPTIONS (SAMPLE)

Source: Burby, 1997

 LAND USE MANAGEMENT
OPTIONS (SAMPLE)

Source: Burby, 1997

 LAND USE MANAGEMENT
OPTIONS (SAMPLE)

Source: Burby, 1997

 CHOOSING ALTERNATIVES
(CONSIDERATIONS)
Policy adjustment

Management of actions
Resources needed (human resources)

Efficiency of action
Ease of – can the
implementation intervention be met
with little resources?
CCVA and DRA Summary
Matrix Template
GENERATING PROCESS
INPUTS
 DATA SOURCES
HYDROMET AND GEOLOGIC
HAZARD INFORMATION
 CCVA (Climate ChangeELEMENTS
(Shapefiles) Vulnerability
AT RISK
Assessment)
 DRA (Disaster Risk Assessment)
EXPECTED OUTPUTS
 OUTPUTS

Decision Areas Matrix

 SIGNIFICANCE
Utilization of results (decision areas) in determining appropriate
interventions to adapt and mitigate climate change impacts,
and reduce disaster risks
Formulation of risk management options that could lead to
reduction of losses (lives, properties, etc.)

Formulation of climate change adaptation and mitigation options

Indicators used as development targets for monitoring and

evaluation on performance of PPAs and policies
 THINGS TO
REMEMBER
1. Are the PRIORITIZED DECISION
AREAS based on the vulnerability and risk
levels?
2. Are the TECHNICAL FINDINGS of the
decision areas accurate?
3. Are the IMPLICATIONS based on the
technical findings?
4. Using the INDICATORS (that need
improvements) of the prioritized decision
areas, what are the appropriate
interventions?
 UTILIZATION

Results to be used in the situational analysis of the

development plans of the LGUs

Indicators as a result of the process could be utilized to enhance

implementation, monitoring and evaluation of effectiveness of
proposed climate and disaster risk interventions

Benchmarks serve as basis for improvements,

development, monitoring and evaluation
 COMMON ISSUES

Misaligned interventions because the corresponding

indicators are not analyzed
Implications/impacts of climate change and hazards are not
captured due to incomplete technical findings
CCVA interventions are not considered since the
focus is on DRA interventions
 REFERENCES
CLUP Guidebooks 2013-2014
HLURB CDRA Powerpoint Presentation, 2017
Supplemental Guidelines on Mainstreaming CCA-DRR
into the CLUP
GIS Guidebook: A Guide to Data Management
Climate Change in the Philippines, PAGASA
“We Know Enough About Climate Change” GIZ
 THANK YOU!
 Questions?