K

I NG
N LA S
E K RTA 3
E
T ME R AS
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CK RT
K E
STRATEGIC VARIATABLE

OMV AMV
ORV ARV
SP 1 : RECORD

Volume of
Volume of urine output (ml)
water intake
(ml)
First time Second time

100 ml  80 82
200 ml 150 170
300 ml 200 250
400 ml 360 370
SP 2 : OBSERVATION

 When OMV is …(lowest value) , ORV is ……. (ORV value )

UNIT
 When OMW is …..(highest value), ORV is (ORV value ) UNIT

1. At 100 ml, student A produces urine about 80ml

for first time volume of water intake and 82 ml for
second time of water intake
2. At 400 ml, student D produces urine about 360 ml
for first time volume of water intake and 370 ml for
second time of water intake
 SP 3: INFERENCE
 At OMV1, AMV (high/low), so ARV is slow/fast.
 At OMV2, AMV (low/high), so ARV is fast/slow

1. Student A produces less urine due to high blood osmotic

pressure so more water can be reabsorbed from the tubule
kidney into blood capillary
2. Student D produces mores urine due to low blood osmotic
pressure so less water can be reabsorbed from the tubule
kidney into blood capillary
 SP 4: VARIABLES
Variable
Pembolehubah
Manipulated variable
Volume of water intake
 
Responding variable
 (ORV) Volume of urine
produce
Constant variable
Time before collecting urine
Same student 
 
Method to handle the variable
Cara mengendali pembolehubah
Use different OMV (list down each OMV)
Use different volume of water intake by each student such as
100ml,200ml,300ml and 400ml
Measure and record  volume of urine produce by using measuring
cylinder
 
Fix the time duration before collecting the urine produce by each student
which is 30 min 
 
Carry out by same student
SP 5: HYPOTHESIS

TWO TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS

Quantitative // RATE Qualitative //
COMPARISON
OMV has value OMV cannot be count
When OMV is High/low, so
ORV/ARV is low/high

As the concentration of 7 Experiment is comparison

sucrose solution increase,
the final mass of cucumber
strip is decrease
HYPOTHESIS

The higher the volume of water intake, the higher the volume
Of urine produced/ output
SP 6: CONSTRUCT A TABLE

T = Title + Unit
Student Volume of water Average Volume of urine
intake (ml) produces (ml)
A 100 81
B 200 160
C 300 225
D 400 365

D = Data C = calculation
SP 7 : DRAW A GRAF

400
P= x axis and y axis with correct
350 scales and units
Average of urine produces

300
250
200
150
T = correct transfer of points
100
50
0
100 200 300 400

Volume of water intake (ml)

B = Joints all points with correct shape

of curve
SP 8 : GENERATE THE RELATIONSHIP

 State hypothesis – When OMV increase, ORV increase/decrease

 Reason – because AMV increase/decrease
 Effect - so it gives effect to ARV

Based on result, the volume of water intake increase the volume of urine
Produces also increase

This is because blood osmotic pressure decrease

So less water reabsorb in kidney tubule

 SP 9 : PREDICTION
P1 = correct prediction with value
E1 = Reason (explanation for MV)
E2 = Effect (explanation for ARV)

P1 – The volume of urine produced will less than 360ml

P2 – Because orange juice has more osmotic pressure

P3 – So Water reabsorb in kidney will increase
SP 10 : OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
-Theory
-Shown by RV + CV
- Affected by MV

A process to regulate water mineral and salt in blood

Shown by the volume of urine produces in 30 minutes

Affected by different volume of water intake

SP 11 : CLASSYFYING

Variable Apparatus Material

Manipulated Mineral bottle Mineral water
Responding Measuring Urine
cylinder
Controlled stopwatch student
REHAT SEKEJAP
QUESTION 2 = 17 MARKS

Marks Proportion
 Problem Statement =3
 Hypothesis =3
 Variables =3
 Apparatus / Material =3
 Procedure =3
 Presentation of Data
- Title with units =1
- At least 3 MV =1
TOTAL 17 Marks
design an experiment that can be
carried out in a
laboratory to study the effect of
the volume of water intake on
the volume of urine
produced by kidney.
PROBLEM STATEMENT = 3 MARKS

-MV
-RV
-Relationship between the variables in a
question form ??????

What is the effect of water intake of urine output?

HYPOTHESIS = 3 MARKS

MV RV

If more water is taken,more urine will be released

VARIABLES = 3 MARKS
Manipulated : volume of water

Responding : volume of urine released

Constant : same student

APPARATUS/MATERIAL = 3 MARKS

Beakers,cup/mug,measuring
cylinder,stopwatch,drinking water,a
student .
PROCEDURE = 3 MARKS

K1- Preparation of material & apparatus

( diagram )
K2 – Operating fixed variables
K3 – Operating manipulated variables
K4 –Operating responding variables
K5 – Precaution
 K1
1. A student (sample A) is chosen and instructed to empty
his bladders before the start of the the experiment
K5
2. 200ml of water is measured
K1and put into the mug
3. A student(sample A ) is given 200ml of mineral drinking
water drink
K1
4. A stopwatch is started immediately after consuming the
water
K1
 K1
5. During the experiment,he is kept within 1-2 hours
6. He is instructed not to eat or perform any vigorous
physical activities K5
7. After half an hour,he is asked to empty his bladder K2

8. The collected urine is kept in a large beaker K1

9. At the interval of half an hour,until two hours,a student
empty his bladder K5
 K2
10. After two hours ,the total collected urine is measured
using measuring cylinder K4
11. Repeat step 2-9 for different amount of drinking
water(400ml,600ml,800ml,1000ml) K3

12. Step 7 is conducted for four consecutive days in a fixed

time and place K5

13. Dispose the measured urine properly K5

14. Measure and record the data collected into a table K1

PRESENTATION OF DATA =2 MARKS

T = Title + Unit

Volume of water intake (ml) Volume of urine

produces(ml)
200
400
600
800
1000

D = DATA OMV
HABIS DAH