THE HIDDEN SECRETS

OF INDUS VALLEY
CIVILIZATION.
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BY: MS AIJAZ FATIMA

 MINUTES OF PRESENTATION

MAIN
5E FEATURES OF INTERESTING
OBJECTIVES CIVILIZATION FACTS

INTRODUCTION
OF REASONS IMPLEMENTATION
OF DECLINE OF DIGITAL
CIVILIZATION
MAPS
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 OBJECTIVE
S
S.W.B.A.T
● Define the term 'civilization'
● List key characteristics of civilizations
● Outline the history of civilization
● Summarize the characteristics of
indus valley civilization
● Inquire about the Indus valley hidden secrets by
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investigating given questions and making factual

reports.
 LOCATION OF INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION.
The area of this civilization extended along the
Indus River from what today is northeast
Afghanistan, into Pakistan and northwest India.
The Indus Civilization was the most widespread
of the three early civilizations of the ancient
world, along with Ancient Egypt and
Mesopotamia. Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were
thought to be the two great cities of the Indus
Valley Civilization, emerging around 2600 BCE
along the Indus River Valley in the Sindh and
Punjab provinces of Pakistan.

100% Editable

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 THE TIMELINE OF INDUS CIVILIZATION
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 CITIES CENTRAL WRITING
GOVERNMENT
Elephants can sense There are more
storms. kangaroos than
Pandas don’t hibernate. humans in Australia.

MAIN
FEATURES OF
ARTS &
CIVILIZATION SOCIAL JOB SPECIALIZATION
ARCHITECTUR
. CLASSES E
Koalas are even more
Dogs can smell your
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lazy than cats.

feelings.
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 Job Specialization Of Indus People
The Indus River Civilization had many occupations that had
to be conducted in order to sustain a proper lifestyle. Some
jobs may include trading goods, farming, making of fire,
bricking house, making toys out of clay, pottery, etc. The
majority of the population would have been peasant
farmers.Although, their society was mostly based on farming,
there was evidence of fishing around the area also. They used
barbed hooks, lines, and nets much like how we still do it today.
Have you used a hammer or knife lately? Well those are two
tools that the civilians also had available to them along with
spears and arrowheads. However, tools and weapons were made
out of bronze and stone.Archaeologists have found that carts and
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boats were used as the main method of trade and travel

 The Arts Of Indus Valley
THE arts of the Indus Valley Civilisation emerged during the second
half of the third millennium BCE. The forms of art found from various
sites of the civilisation include sculptures, seals, pottery, jewellery,
terracotta figures, etc. The artists of that time surely had fine artistic
sensibilities and a vivid imagination. Their delineation of human and
animal figures was highly realistic in nature, since the anatomical
details included in them were unique, and, in the case of terracotta
art, the modelling of animal figures was done in an extremely careful
manner. A large quantity of pottery excavated from the sites, enable
us to understand the gradual evolution of various design motifs as
employed in different shapes, and styles.The Harappan men and
women decorate themselves with a large variety of ornaments
produced from every conceivable material ranging from precious
metals and gemstones to bone and baked clay. While necklaces,
fillets, armlets and finger-rings were commonly worn by both man
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and women
 Indus Valley Social Classes
All men of the cities and the nearby areas did not enjoy social and
economic equality. Those who lived in the upper portion of the cities
near the forts formed a ruling class. This ruling class dominated
over the workers and peasants from these forts. The respect to the
social life of the Indus people, it is suggested by scholars that there
were strong family organizations among them. The craftsmen
taught their crafting skills to their children then The toys were used
by children of the family. The large number of seals engraved with
letters conveys the idea that there was good percentage of literacy
among the Indus people. The sanitary system and also the
drainage system speaks of their cleanliness and public hygiene

The caste system was a major impact on the class structure

within Indus River Valle
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 Religion Of Indus Valley People

Little is known about Harappan religion and language.The

Harappan religion also remains a topic of speculation. It has been
widely suggested that the Harappans worshipped a mother
goddess who symbolized fertility. In contrast to Egyptian and
Mesopotamian civilizations, the Indus Valley Civilization seems to
have lacked any temples or palaces that would give clear
evidence of religious rites or specific deitiesThe Indus Valley
religion is polytheistic and is made up of Hinduism, Buddhism and
Jainism. There are many seals to support the evidence of the Indus
Valley Gods. Some seals show animals which resemble the two
gods, Shiva and Rudra. Other seals depict a tree which the Indus
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Valley believed to be the tree of life..

 Urban Infrastructure and Architecture
By 2600 BCE, small Early Harappan communities had developed into large urban centers.
These cities include Harappa, Ganeriwala, and Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan and
Dholavira, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, Rupar, and Lothal in modern-day India. In total, more than
1,052 cities and settlements have been found, mainly in the general region of the Indus
River and its tributaries.

Mohenjo-daro is thought to have been built in the twenty-sixth century BCE; it became not
only the largest city of the Indus Valley Civilization but one of the world’s earliest major urban
centers. Located west of the Indus River in the Larkana District, Mohenjo-daro was one of
the most sophisticated cities of the period, with advanced engineering and urban planning.
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 Very interesting facts!
● This civilization was first to produce cotton in the world.
● It was larger than the ancient egyptian and mesopotamian civilization
● The secrets behind the identity of people who created it and
pictographic scripts are still a mystery
● All its major sites went into sudden decline & disappeared more or
less simultaneously without any known reason
● 70% of the city is yet to be excavated
● The indus valley script has not been deciphered by linguists.
● They were the first to make buttons .
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● They were pioneers in making artificial dockyard.

● They developed precise measurement techniques.
 DECLINE OF INDUS VALLEY
Invasion of aryans.
One theory suggested that a
nomadic, Indo-European tribe
called the Aryans invaded
and conquered the Indus
Valley Civilization, though
more recent evidence tends
to contradict this claim.
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Climate change CHANGE IN RIVER
PATTERN
Many scholars believe that
the
collapse of the Indus Valley Many scholars argue
Civilization was caused by that
changes in river
climate change. Some patterns
caused the large
experts
believe the drying of the civilization
to break up into smaller
Saraswati River, which began
communities called
around 1900 BCE, was the late
Harappan cultures.
main cause for climate
change,
while others conclude that
a
great flood struck the
area.
 IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL
MAPS.
.TASK ONE
https://www.google.com/maps/@24.8885391,67.2011445,15z
Go to the google maps and explore the sites of indus & examine
what particular features of town planning ,you have found
,highlight some of them which you have read earlier in given web
link and describe some of them
.(https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zxn3r82/articles/z9mpsbk)
2.TASK TWO
https://mapmaker.nationalgeographic.org/
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 Make an interactive map of important
sites of indus valley by following
instructions given below
1. Locate and highlight the Indus river on map of south Asia by
putting icon and add description .
2. Locate & highlight the major cities of Indus valley by putting
icons and add description .
3. Highlight the whole Area covered by ancient Indus civilization by
shading the selected area and add description.
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