BUSINESS

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Chapter 2
DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

Research
 Acquisition of Knowledge

Knowledge
v/s
Information

(Theoretically, concerned with developing, exploring, or

testing theories)

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

How to Acquire Knowledge?

 Inductive Reasoning
( works moving from specific
observation to broader
generalisation, bottom approach)
 Deductive Reasoning
( more general to more specific or top
down approach)

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

Deductive Reasoning
Theory

Hypothesis

Observation

Confirmation
Business Research Methodology
Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

Inductive Reasoning
Theory

Hypothesis

Pattern
Observation

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

Positivism

 Goal of Knowledge is to describe the

phenomena that are experienced,
 There is interdependence of observation and
theory, our observations are theory laden

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research

Scientific Methodology

Thought
 Francis Bacon
 Rene Descartes
 John Stuart
 Karl Popper
 Thomas Kuhn
 Feyer bend
 Steven Hagen

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

Positivism

 Positivism is a rejection of metaphysics. It is a

position that holds that the goal of knowledge is
simply to describe the phenomena that we
experience.

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology
Scientific Reasoning and Common
Sense Reasoning
 There is no difference in kind between the two,
only a difference in degree. Scientists, for
example, follow specific procedures to assure that
observations are verifiable, accurate and
consistent. In everyday reasoning, we don't always
proceed so carefully.

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

 Positivists believed that objectivity was a

characteristic that resided in the individual
scientist.

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

 Scientific methods and Popperism

 Philosophy is a necessary activity

 Popper offers a solution to the problem of

induction
 Falsifiability

 Paradigm Shift
 Radical Thoughts

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

 Objectivity in Research
 Ethics in Research

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva
 Chapter 2
Development of Research
Methodology

 Read the report -Khadi and Village Industries in

North East India with Special Reference to
Arunachal Pradesh: Retrospect and Prospect
As an example of exploratory study
Thanks

Business Research Methodology

Himalaya Publishing House Dr. J K Sachdeva