HARMONICALLY

EXCITATION VIBRATION
BLOCK 1 GROUP 2

Madamba, Jojo Jose Magsalay, Kim

Jalla, Jan Peter Cedrick
Javier, Kyle
Hapita, Tyrone Merluza, Ian Marco
Dela Cruz, Louis Porta, Elison
Ysrael
Nogales, Jm Ona, Clarence
 Lesson Learning Outcomes

• To easily assess and perform certain applications in harmonically excitation vibration.

• To differentiate the Undamped and Damped Harmonic Excitation.

• To define what is Harmonically Excited Vibration and to know what is the part of it in
mechanical engineering.

• To apply the formulas that are presented and solve the problems that are concerned about
Harmonically Excited Vibration.
 INTRODUCTI
VIBRATION, PERIODIC BACK-AND-FORTH MOTION OF
THE PARTICLES OF AN ONELASTIC BODY OR MEDIUM,
COMMONLY RESULTING WHEN ALMOST ANY
PHYSICAL SYSTEM IS DISPLACED FROM ITS
EQUILIBRIUM CONDITION AND ALLOWED TO
RESPOND TO THE FORCES THAT TEND TO RESTORE
EQUILIBRIUM. A MECHANICAL SYSTEM IS SAID TO
UNDERGO FORCED VIBRATIONS OCCUR WHEN
EXTERNAL ENERGY IS SUPPLIED TO THE SYSTEM
DURING VIBRATION. UNDER FORCED VIBRATION IS
EITHER HARMONIC OR RANDOM VIBRATION. RANDOM
VIBRATION OCCURS WHEN THE BEHAVIOR OF THE
VIBRATION IS UNPREDICTABLE. MEANWHILE IN
HARMONIC VIBRATION, THE MOTION OF THE
VIBRATION IS EQUAL OR THE INTERVAL OF THE
VIBRATION WITH RESPECT TO TIME IS THE SAME.
HARMONIC VIBRATION
 Terms relating
to
Harmonic Excited Vibration
 EXCITATION
In general, Excitation is the act of making
something vibrate.

An external force or motion applied to a system

that causes the system to respond in same way
 EQUILIBRIUM
The equilibrium position is the position the object
will attain when the force acting on it is zero. This
type of vibration is called "whole body motion",
meaning that all parts of the body are moving
together in the same direction at any point in
time.
 OSCILLATION
When a system, body or quantity is set in
PERIODIC motion or vibration.
 SINUSOIDAL
FORCE
The force contains one single frequency at a
time and the excitation sweeps from one
frequency to another with a given step,
allowing the structure to engage in one
harmonic vibration at a time.
 NATURAL
is a property of aFREQUENCY
system on which an object's
natural frequency is the frequency or rate that it
vibrates naturally when disturbed.
 RESONANCE
an event which occurs when a system is provided
with the external periodic force which has the
natural frequency.

There are 5 types of RESONANCES;

Mechanical, Acoustic, Electrical, Optical, Orbital

resonance.
 The vectors on the right display the
acceleration (blue), excitation force
(red), stiffness force (black), and
damping force (blue). Additionally,
these vectors are the projection of the
rotating, constant-length vectors
illustrated to the right. The excitation
force is always equal to the total of the
stiffness, damping, and inertia forces,
according to Newton's second law.
HARMONICALLY
EXCITED
VIBRATION
HARMONIC EXCITATION REFERS TO A
SINUSOIDAL EXTERNAL FORCE OF A
CERTAIN FREQUENCY APPLIED TO A
SYSTEM.
HARMONICALLY EXCITED VIBRATION
It is commonly observed in systems
that contain a rotating mass for example
tires, engines, rotors, etc.

When a system is subjected to

forced harmonic excitation, it vibrates
at the same frequency as that of the
excitation.
EQUATION OF MOTION
 UNDAMPED DAMPED
SYSTEM
An unstable system exhibits oscillations of increasing
amplitude. A marginally stable system will exhibit constant
SYSTEM
an influence within or
upon an oscillatory
amplitude oscillations. An underdamped system will be
somewhat oscillatory, but the amplitude of the oscillations
system that has the
decreases with time and the system is stable. effect of reducing or
preventing its
oscillation.
 - METHODS OF
SOLUTIONS
- SYMBOLS
- SAMPLE PROBLEMS
 Symbols and units used
Wn = Natural Angular Frequency (rad/s) c = damping constant

Wd = Damped Natural Frequency (rad/s) k = spring constant

ζ = Damping Ratio (-) m = mass

x = Steady State Amplitude (m)

Θ = Steady State Phase (rad)

HARMONIC EXCITATION OF
DAMPED SYSTEM
PROBLEM SOLVING 1

A 100 kg mass is suspended by a spring of stiffness 30000 N/m with a viscous

damping constant of 1000 Ns/m. The mass is initially at rest and in
equilibrium. Calculate the steady state displacement amplitude and phase if the
mass is excited by a harmonic force of 80N at 3 Hz.
PROBLEM SOLVING 1

A 100 kg mass is suspended by a spring of stiffness 30000 N/m with a viscous

damping constant of 1000 Ns/m. The mass is initially at rest and in
equilibrium. Calculate the steady state displacement amplitude and phase if the
mass is excited by a harmonic force of 80N at 3 Hz.
PROBLEM SOLVING 1

A 100 kg mass is suspended by a spring of stiffness 30000 N/m with a viscous

damping constant of 1000 Ns/m. The mass is initially at rest and in
equilibrium. Calculate the steady state displacement amplitude and phase if the
mass is excited by a harmonic force of 80N at 3 Hz.
PROBLEM SOLVING 1

A 100 kg mass is suspended by a spring of stiffness 30000 N/m with a viscous

damping constant of 1000 Ns/m. The mass is initially at rest and in
equilibrium. Calculate the steady state displacement amplitude and phase if the
mass is excited by a harmonic force of 80N at 3 Hz.
PROBLEM SOLVING 1

A 100 kg mass is suspended by a spring of stiffness 30000 N/m with a viscous

damping constant of 1000 Ns/m. The mass is initially at rest and in
equilibrium. Calculate the steady state displacement amplitude and phase if the
mass is excited by a harmonic force of 80N at 3 Hz.
 HARMONIC EXCITATION OF
UNDAMPED SYSTEM
ω = IS THE DRIVING FREQUENCY
F0= MAGNITUDE OF THE APPLIED FORCE
HARMONIC EXCITATION OF
UNDAMPED SYSTEM
HARMONIC EXCITATION OF
UNDAMPED SYSTEM
PROBLEM SOLVING 1

COMPUTE THE RESPONSE FOR k=1000 N/m , m=10kg , ω =2ωn x0=0 ,

v0=0.2m/s when the force is 23N
PROBLEM SOLVING 1

COMPUTE THE RESPONSE FOR k=1000 N/m , m=10kg , ω =2ωn x0=0 ,

v0=0.2m/s when the force is 23N
PROBLEM SOLVING 2

A weight of 50 N is suspended from a spring of stiffness 4000 N/m and is

subjected to a harmonic force of amplitude 60 N and frequency 6 Hz. Find (a)
the extension of the spring due to the suspended weight, (b) the static
displacement of the spring due to the maximum applied force
REAL LIFE SITUATION OR
SCENARIOS
A popular example, that many people are familiar with, is that of a singer
breaking a glass by singing. Harmonic excitation is also commonly observed
in systems that contain a rotating mass for example tires, engines, rotors, etc
As the helicopter shown on the figure. The rotating blade causes harmonic
force to be applied to the body of the helicopter. If the frequency of the blade
rotation corresponds to the natural frequency of the body resonance will occur.
Resonance caused by an out of balance tire on a car. The speed of tire rotation
corresponds to the driving frequency, at a certain speed, the out of balance tire
causes resonance, which may be felt as shaking of the steering wheel column.
If the car is driven slower or faster, the frequency moves away from the
resonance condition of the driving frequency being exactly equal to the natural
frequency and the shaking stops