MEDIA & INFORMATION

LITERACY
2nd Quarter-Module 5
(Lesson 1-3)
DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS OF
MULTIMEDIA
 Learning Competencies:
Describe the different dimensions of:
 text information and media
 visual information and media
 audio information and media
People Media utilizes texts most of the time to deliver their
messages, this is no surprise since we can find texts
anywhere, from books, television shows, websites,
billboards, newspapers, t-shirts or even in the sand if
someone decides to write something on the beach. This
lesson will discuss what is text and how this media can be
used effectively to present our ideas and express what we
feel. The topics include different font types, and design
principles and elements of text.
“After you have chosen your words, they must be
weaved together into a fine and delicate fabric”.
—The great 1st century Roman
orator, Quintilian

Quintilian’s metaphor can now the observed everywhere as we

write and record our words through texts in different platforms.
Texts are words in written, printed or on-screen format. It is a
very powerful tool for communication and information.
Texts are the words in written or printed format. Today,
it can also be found on screens like TV and
smartphones.
Fonts are an indispensable part of a
company’s brand identity. Nothing speaks
better about your professionalism than
decent typography that fits your brand’s
message.

Texts in digital format have different designs called

Typeface, often called as fonts. It consists of
alphabets, numbers and special characters set.
 Serif vs. Sans Serif
Serif is a little stroke that spreads out of
letters, numerals, and other characters within
a font family. It is a traditional type of
typeface which is used to appear in multiple
print media. In contrast, sans-serif is gaining
its popularity on the web for regular website
copy.
SERIF fonts have each character with small extra strokes
at the end of the vertical and horizontal stroke.
Use: for formality and its readability in any texts that
printed in small sizes like books and letters.
Examples: Times New Roman, Georgia, Rockwell
In typography and lettering, a sans-serif, sans serif, gothic, or
simply sans letterform is one that does not have extending features called "
serifs" at the end of strokes.[1] Sans-serif typefaces tend to have less stroke
width variation than serif typefaces. They are often used to convey simplicity
and modernity or minimalism.
Sans-serif typefaces have become the most prevalent for display of text on
computer screens. On lower-resolution digital displays, fine details like serifs
may disappear or appear too large. The term comes from the French
word sans, meaning "without" and "serif" of uncertain origin, possibly from the
Dutch word schreef meaning "line" or pen-stroke.[2] In printed media, they are
more commonly used for display use and less for body text.
Before the term "sans-serif" became common in English typography, a
number of other terms had been used. One of these outmoded terms for
sans-serif was gothic, which is still used in East Asian typography and
sometimes seen in typeface names like News Gothic, Highway Gothic, 
Franklin Gothic or Trade Gothic.
SANS SERIF fonts do not have serifs.
Unlike the classical serif fonts, sans
serifs are new or modern. Use: for
elegance and its readability in any on-
screen display like monitors and
portable computers.
Examples: Arial, Impact, Calibri
 SCRIPT fonts are styles that mimics handwriting. Use: for
stylistic presentation of texts like weddings and memories.
Examples: Brush Script, Lucida Handwriting, Comic
Sans

Script typefaces are based upon the varied and often fluid

stroke created by handwriting. They are generally used for 
display or trade printing, rather than for extended body text in the
Latin alphabet. Some Greek alphabet typefaces, especially
historically, have been a closer simulation of handwriting.
DECORATIVE fonts have extreme features or exaggerated
serifs designed to fit into a theme or emotion.
Use: Titles, headlines
Examples: Chiller, Curlz MT, Jokerman

Decorative and display fonts became popular in the 19th century

and were used extensively on posters and advertisements. This
style of type and lettering could be artistic and eye-catching in a
way that wasn’t considered previously. William Morris launched
the Arts and Crafts movement and as part of the
experimentation and innovation of the time, developed the Troy
typeface.
DECORATIVE fonts have extreme features or exaggerated
serifs designed to fit into a theme or emotion.
Use: Titles, headlines
Examples: Chiller, Curlz MT, Jokerman

Decorative and display fonts became popular in the 19th century

and were used extensively on posters and advertisements. This
style of type and lettering could be artistic and eye-catching in a
way that wasn’t considered previously. William Morris launched
the Arts and Crafts movement and as part of the
experimentation and innovation of the time, developed the Troy
typeface.
Design Principles and Elements of
Text
1. Emphasis – Use different size, weight, color, contrast
and orientation to present texts with greater value.
 Design Principles and Elements of
2. Appropriateness – Using theText
right font, content and tone of
presentation based on the target audience or event.
Design Principles and Elements of
make other texts stand-out.
Text
3. Space – Use space to create focus and strategically
Design Principles and Elements of
or free style.
Text
4. Alignment –Use text alignment to set symmetry, formality
Design Principles and Elements of
5. Consistency –Use Text
at least 2 or 3 colors, font
styles and design styles for the whole
composition or content.
Text, when used properly, is a powerful tool for communicating
information, persuasion and suggestion. Texts can be
observed in formal platforms like newspapers, books,
magazines, advertisements and anything printed or informal
platforms like online blogs, e-mails, text messages, social
media and anything on-screen. Presenting information through
fonts also require understanding of the different types of fonts
and design principles and elements of text.
Psychologist Richard Gregory proposed that how we see
things involves a lot of hypothesis testing to make sense
of it. We based our perceptions on past experiences and
stock knowledge. In the previous lesson, we learned
about Texts Information Media, in this lesson, we will learn
Visual Information and take advantage to its potential for
relaying or understanding messages by identifying the
types of visual information and observe the design
elements and principles.
Looking at the image at the right, even
though we can only see some blobs, our
brain is hardwired to give meaning to the
image, like a woman’s face. If you also look
closely, we can observe a saxophone
player, telling you this will alert your brain to
look for any resemblance of that pattern.
Gregory believes that our brains perceive
things by adding meaning based on what it
expects and past experiences.
Visual media are images or frames of
images that we can construct and
reconstruct to give different meaning to it.
We can observe it with photographs,
videos, infographics comics, memes and
other objects that projects an image.
 We create meaning of what we see by using different
types of visual information. Let us discover these types.

1. Facial Expression: We tend to analyze emotions and

actions of people by reading facial and eye expressions.

2. Body Language: Postures and gestures can mean

more than words. We predict people’s motives and
emotions by reading body language.
 3. Color: Most of us give meaning to colors based on
preferences, culture, experiences and human
psychology. We might think that color blue is a
masculine color and symbol of peace. Most
companies prefer blue because it represents trust but
it also means loneliness and mourning for other
cultures.

4. Environment: We observe the environment we see and give

interpretations of the situation of the people in the environment.
 3. Color: Most of us give meaning to colors based on
preferences, culture, experiences and human
psychology. We might think that color blue is a
masculine color and symbol of peace. Most
companies prefer blue because it represents trust but
it also means loneliness and mourning for other
cultures.

4. Environment: We observe the environment we see and give

interpretations of the situation of the people in the environment.
5. Symbols: Hand gestures, icon, brand logos,
landmarks, emoji are some of the symbols that we
interpret every day.
We can produce good visual media by
understanding the different Visual
Design Principles and Elements.
Design Elements is the use of colors,
space, texture, and other components
in an artistic representation.
Design Elements is the use of colors, space, texture, and other
components in an artistic representation.

1. Space. Using the canvas, you can use some spaces to creatively
produce stunning and clever designs. Use spaces to make a direct
message since it creates focus to other elements making it stand out.

2. Lines. Use lines to guide the viewer’s focal point and separate
objects in your design. Use straight lines for order and neatness, wavy
lines for more movement, and zigzagged lines for tension or
excitement.
Design Elements is the use of colors, space, texture, and other
components in an artistic representation.

3. Size. Use different sizes of your objects in your design to

show the relative importance of objects and information.
4. Pattern. Designs with repeating objects like lines and
shapes forming patterns can be aesthetically appealing giving
a sense of order to a design. Repetition is a crucial element in
branding design for consistency.
Design Elements is the use of colors, space, texture, and other
components in an artistic representation.

5.Texture. Textures give designs a sense of realistic effects. It

can add tactility and depth. However, use this technique in
moderation as it may overwhelm your design.

6. Colors- Different color sets the mood and tone of your

designs. Color have psychological impact to us. It is very
important to understand the different meanings of each
common colors according to human perception.
Design Principles -describe the ways that artists
use of elements of art in a work of art.
1. Focal Point. Make sure to make the
important objects of your design be noticeable
first by the viewer.
2. Contrast -can make your design more visually appealing by
making other objects pop-out from other objects of your
design. Contrast maybe the difference of two elements of your
design like black and white or thin and thick.
Design Principles -describe the ways that artists
use of elements of art in a work of art.
3. Balance. Always distribute the visual weight
of objects, colors, texture, and space.
4. Rhythm. Using lines, you can direct the viewers in your
design. This includes vertical, horizontal, and diagonal lines.
Use this technique to convey different motions and emotions.
Design Principles -describe the ways that artists
use of elements of art in a work of art.
5. Perspective. Use this principle to provide depth in your
designs. This will give a better view and allows the viewers to
have empathy to your message or subjects in the image.

6. Unity. Using all the objects consistently or cohesively in

your design that it allows the viewers to understand the
message or story of your image.
Your knowledge of visual information and media is very crucial
in the current society. Most people are visually entertained and
visually learning due to easier access of visual media.
Learning how to spot the hints and meanings of different
visual designs can help you keep up with this growing visually
oriented society. Eventually, you will have to create your own
visual design, you must use elements and objects to match
with the correct design principles in order to engage your
target audience. You can communicate correctly if you apply
these principles.
Infographics are graphic visual
representations of information,
data or knowledge intended to
present information quickly and
clearly.
Using visual media to channel information can be very
effective if the elements and principles are used properly.
Visual information can be aided with audio media to deliver
a stunning impact to our audience. Remember how we tend
to relate with love songs when we are pleased or feel pain?
Pinoys are known to love singing in karaoke, this is not
surprising since most of Filipinos grew up listening to music
in their home, neighbors, schools and places they visited.
Music is an audio that is same as hearing someone talk, the
audio that music produced was composed to please our
ears and hopefully deliver the message or information.
One of the first discoveries regarding
sound was made in the sixth century
B.C. by the Greek mathematician and
philosopher Pythagoras. He noted the
relationship between the length of a
vibrating string and the tone it
produces.
Did you know?
Sound is the only core formula of
communication for animals while it
is the key for humans communicate
with spoken languages besides
body languages.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

1. Different forms of audio we can produce and record.

 Radio broadcast - live or recorded audio sent through radio
waves to reach a wide audience.

 Sound recording - recording of an interview, meeting, or any

sound from the environment.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

1. Different forms of audio we can produce and record.

 Sound clips/effects - any sound, other than music or speech, artificially
reproduced to create an effect in a dramatic presentation, as the sound of
a storm or a creaking door.

 Music - vocal and/or instrumental sounds combined in such a way as to

produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion. It is
composed and performed for many purposes, ranging from aesthetic
pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, or as an entertainment product.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

2. Different ways of storing audio media.

Tape - magnetic tape on which sound can be
recorded.

CD - a plastic-fabricated, circular medium for

recording, storing, and playing back audio, video, and
computer data.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

2. Different ways of storing audio media.

 USB drive - an external flash drive, small enough to carry on a
key ring, that can be used with any computer that has a USB
port.
Memory Card - is a small storage medium used to
store data such as text, pictures, audio, and video, for
use on small, portable, or remote computing devices.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

2. Different ways of storing audio media.

Computer hard drive - secondary storage
devices found in personal computers and can
store audio files.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

3. Common audio file formats.

MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer) - a common format
for consumer audio, as well as a standard of
digital audio compression for the transfer and
playback of music on most digital audio
players.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

3. Common audio file formats.

M4A/AAC (MPEG-4 Audio/Advanced Audio
Coding) - an audio coding standard for lossy
digital audio compression. Designed to be the
successor of the MP3 format, AAC generally
achieves better sound quality than MP3 at
similar bit rates.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

3. Common audio file formats.

WAV - is a Microsoft audio file format standard
for storing an audio bitstream on PCs. It has
become a standard file format for game
sounds, among others.
 Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

3. Common audio file formats.

WMA (Windows Media Audio) - is an audio
data compression technology developed by
Microsoft and used with Windows Media
Player.
 What I Have Learned

We have learned that audio is a sound the we can

hear. We can use audio to store sound through
recording and play it by reading the storage device
for our audio. We can broadcast audio, communicate,
compose music and more! With the new age
(present), we can take advantage of our
technological advancements to store audio from
analog to digital format and listen to it anytime with
our MP3 players or any audio player software.
 Nossos valores

Marte Vênus Neptuno

Apesar de ser Vênus tem Netuno é o planeta
vermelho, Marte é frio temperaturas altas mais distante do Sol

Mercúrio Saturno Júpiter

Mercúrio é o planeta Saturno é composto Júpiter é o maior
mais próximo do Sol por hidrogênio e hélio planeta de todos