Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal

11/01/23
Graphs

Lesson
Objectives:

Developing
students will be
able to draw
Chpt 18 : Curved Graphs
graphs of
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.

Secure students
will be able to
identify graphs of
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.

Excelling students
will be able to
describe properties
of graphs of
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.
Keywords
Positive, negative, substitute, coordinates, straight line, gradient, curve,
quadratic, cubic, reciprocal
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Lesson Starter: Types of Graphs

Objectives:

Developing
students will be Linear?
able to draw
graphs of
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.
?
Quadratic

Secure students
will be able to
identify graphs of
Cubic?
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.

Excelling students
will be able to
describe properties
?
Reciprocal

of graphs of
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.
Keywords
Positive, negative, substitute, coordinates, straight line, gradient, curve,
quadratic, cubic, reciprocal
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

What is a reciprocal?
A reciprocal is an inverse of a multiplication or
division.
It is what you need to multiply a number by to
achieve an answer of .

For example:
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Find the reciprocals…

Link each number in the table to its reciprocal
and find reciprocals for those that don’t
match:

1 8
10 3
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

What about this?

What do you think the reciprocal of might be?

1
𝑥

1 1
What about the reciprocal
3𝑥 of𝑥 +2
? Or
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

So a reciprocal graph is…

Where the equation’s variable is the
denominator of a fraction.

For example:
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Generating coordinates on a reciprocal

function:
Fill in the table for the graph of :

1 1
− −1 −2 −4 ∞ 4 2 1
2 2

Once your table is complete, plot the graph of .

 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

1
𝑦=
𝑥

What do you think happens to

the graph for coordinates larger
than and smaller than ?
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

What does look like?

The graph: Have go at answering these questions:

What do you call

the line ?
The line is an “asymptote”; this
graph will never intersect the
line .

Will the graph ever

reach
The line is also an “asymptote”;
this graph will never intersect
the -axis?
the line .
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Reciprocal Graphs
-3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
 
-0.3 -0.4  
-0.5 -0.7
  -1  -2
  ∞ 2  1  0.7
  0.5
  0.4
  0.3
 

Sketch the graph of ,

for

Plot the coordinates.

Join with a smooth curve.
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Generating the coordinates on this

reciprocal function:
Fill in the table for the graph of

1 1 1 1
− − −1 −2 − 4 −8 ∞ 8 4 2 1
4 2 2 4
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

2
𝑦=
𝑥
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Which of the graphs below are reciprocal?

A B C D

E F G H

Explain how you know whether a graph is

reciprocal or not…
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Which of the graphs below are reciprocal?

A B C D

Quadratic Cubic

E F G H

Fractional
Exponential power
Explain how you know whether a graph is
reciprocal or not…
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Plot the graph of

7 3 5 9
1 0 −2 6 4 3
4 2 2 4

is the dotted line

 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Your Turn: Pg 427

Ex18.4
Q1. b, d
Q2. e, f
Q3.

Submit on google classroom before 6pm

 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Cubic Graphs

Drawing the graph of ,

for

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
 
-23  
-5  1 1  1  7 25
 

Plot the coordinates.

Join with a smooth curve.
Sketching Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Cubics Graphs

A recap of their general shape from GCSE…

When When
y

? x ?

When When
y

? x ?
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

𝑦 • The general shape is the

most important feature,
including ‘turning points’
(i.e. peaks/troughs),
where the where the
curve tails off to, etc.
• No scale on?axes!
So how it is ‘stretched’ in
the and direction is

1 unimportant.
• But we need to indicate
points where a curve

−2 𝑥 intercepts the axes.

Note therefore the difference between

‘plotting’ a graph (where we join up plotted
points on proper axes with scales indicated) and
‘sketching’ a graph (where we’re only interested
in general shape and giving an indication of
important features).
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
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1. Is it uphill or downhill? Is the term + or -?

2. Consider the roots:
a) If appears once, the line crosses at .
b) If appears, the line touches at .
c) If appears, we have a point of inflection at .

𝟑
𝒚 = 𝒙 𝟐 ( 𝟐− 𝒙 ) 𝒚 = ( 𝒙 −𝟏 )
y y

? x
? x
-1 2 1
-1 A point of inflection is where the
curve changes from concave to
convex (or vice versa). Think of it as
a ‘plateau’ when ascending or
descending a hill.
Suggesting an Equation
Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

𝑦 Hint: Think backwards. We’d know for example

Suggest an equation that if then the graph would intercept the -axis
for this cubic graph. at 2 and -3.

-3
𝑥
2

The fact that 2 is a root AND the

graph touches at this point
suggest we should use what?
The fact that -3 is a root ?
suggests we can use what in the
factorisation? 𝟐
? ∴ 𝒚 =( 𝒙 +𝟑 ) (?𝒙 −𝟐 )
Exercise Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
Graphs
11/01/23

𝑦
1 Sketch , ensuring you indicate 2 Suggest an equation for this
where the graph cuts/touches graph.
either axes. ?
𝑥
𝑦 -3

4
N Sketch
? (hint: factorise first!)
𝑥
-1 2 𝑦

?
-3 3 𝑥
Quickfire Qns Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
Graphs
11/01/23

Sketch the following, ensuring you indicate the values where the line intercepts
3
the axes.
1 𝑦 =(𝑥 +2)(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) 4 𝑦 =𝑥 ( 1 − 𝑥 ) 6 𝑦 =(273 − 𝑥 )
2

-2 ? 1 3
? ? 3

2 𝑦 =𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(2 − 𝑥) 5 𝑦 =− 𝑥 3 7 𝑦 =( 𝑥+2 ) ( 𝑥 − 1)

2

? 1 2

?
-2
?
1

-4

2
3 𝑦 =𝑥 ( 𝑥+1 ) 8 𝑦 =( 1 − 𝑥 ) (3 − 𝑥 )
2

-1 ? ?
1 3
 Exercise 2 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
Graphs
11/01/23

𝑦 =𝑥(2 𝑥 – 1)(𝑥+3)
1 [Set 1 Paper 2] Sketch the curve 2 a
-3
? 0.5

b 𝑦 =𝑥 2(𝑥+1)

-1 ?
? 12 3
c 𝑦 =( 𝑥+2 )
8

-2
?

d 𝑦 =( 2 − 𝑥 )( 𝑥+3 )2
18

-3
?
2
Exercise 2 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
Graphs
11/01/23

3 [Set 4 Paper 2] A sketch of , where is 4 [Set 2 Paper 2] Here is a sketch of

a cubic function, is shown.
where are constants.

There is a maximum point at . Work out the values of .

(a) Write down the equation of the
tangent to the curve at .
? ?
(b) Write down the equation of the
normal to the curve at .
?
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Your Turn: Pg 435 IN graph book

Ex 18.7

Q2 & 3

Submit before 8pm to: google classroom

Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs
Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs
 Quadratic, Cubic and Reciprocal
11/01/23
Graphs

Lesson
Objectives:

Developing
students will be
able to draw How confident do you feel with this topic?
graphs of
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.
Write red, amber or green in your book!
Secure students
will be able to
identify graphs of Complete the corresponding activity 
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.

Excelling students
will be able to
describe properties
of graphs of
quadratics, cubics
and reciprocals.
Keywords
Positive, negative, substitute, coordinates, straight line, gradient, curve,
quadratic, cubic, reciprocal