Passive Sonar

Loralee Williams

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 Topics
What is sonar
Snell’s Law
Factors for ranges/how it is measured
Military history of sonar
Passive sonar
- types
-how it is used
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 What is sonar?
Sonar is actually not a word
but an acronym
SOund
Navigation
And
Ranging UNCLASSIFIED
 Snell’s Law

Sound is LAZY.
It wants to take the slowest route
possible.
Example: Thunder and Lightning

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 Factors for Ranges.
Temperature
Depth/Pressure
Salinity
4388 + (11.25 × temperature (in °F)) +
(0.0182 × depth (in feet)) + salinity (in
parts-per-thousand )
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Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT)

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XBT Drop

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 Sonar and the Military
World War I- 1915 passive
systems to locate submarines
World War II- saw the first
active sonar systems
1945- sonobuoys
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Passive Sonar

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 Types of Passive Sonar
AN/SQS-53C Hull Mounted Sonar
AN/SQR-19 TowedArray Sonar
AN/SQQ-28 LAMPS MK III
Sonobuoy Processing System
AN/AQS-13F Dipping Sonar
Undersea Surveillance System
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A sound wave turned into a digital picture.

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 What can be determined with passive
sonar?
Blade rate
Shaft rate
# of blades
Cylinder firing rate
# of cylinders
Power plant
Turbine rate
‘Fog horns’ UNCLASSIFIED
 Waterfall Display
Power Plant
50/60 HZ

Engine

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BIG TROUBLE!!!!!!!!!!!
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 Review
What is sonar
Snell’s Law
Factors for ranges/how it is measured
The military history of sonar
Passive sonar
- types
-how it is used
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 Work cited

Basic Sonar System." Federation of American Scientists. 18 Apr. 2009

<http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/navy/docs/es310/asw_sys/asw_sys.htm>.

"MMAD - Products - Kaon Ltd." Home - Kaon Ltd. 19 Apr. 2009 <http://www.kaon.co.uk/mmad.asp>.

"NOAA/AOML UOTC What is an XBT?" University of North Carolina Wilmington. 20 Apr. 2009
<http://www.uncwil.edu/CMSR/capefear/tech/XBT.htm>.

"Refraction and Snell's Law." 12 Apr. 2009

<http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Ultrasonics/Physics/refractionsnells.htm>.

"Review - 688 Submarine Simulation." Easynet Connect - Quality Business Internet Access. 15 Apr. 2009
<http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~ianboys/688rev.htm>.

"Sonar -." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 17 Apr. 2009

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonar>.

"Torpedo Hit (ABC Science)." ABC.net.au. 21 Apr. 2009

<http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2005/09/01/1448475.htm>.

"Understanding Sonar." The U.S. Navy. 15 Apr. 2009 <http://www.navy.mil/oceans/sonar.html>.

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