Aim: What are polar

bonds and non polar

bonds?
 Polar and Nonpolar Bonds
• There are two types of covalent bonds
• Nonpolar Covalent Bonds (equal share of electrons)
• Polar Covalent Bonds (unequal share of electrons)
Polar Covalent Bond

• A Polar Covalent Bond is unequal sharing of

electrons between two atoms (H-Cl)
• In a polar covalent bond, one atom typically has a
negative charge, and the other atom has a positive charge
Nonpolar Covalent Bond

• A Nonpolar Covalent Bond is an equal sharing of

electrons between two atoms (Cl-Cl, N-N, O-O)
 Classification of Bonds
You can determine the type of bond between two atoms by calculating the
difference in electronegativity values between the elements
The bigger the electronegativity difference the more polar the bond.

Type of Bond Electronegativity

Difference
Nonpolar Covalent 0  0.4
Polar Covalent 0.5  1.9
Ionic 2.0  4.0
 Practice
What type of bond is HCl? (H = 2.1, Cl = 3.1)
Difference = 3.1 – 2.2 = 0.9
Therefore it is polar covalent bond.

Your Turn To Practice

 N(3.0) and H(2.1)  Al(1.5) and Cl(3.0)
 H(2.1) and H(2.1)  Mg(1.2) and O(3.5)
 Ca(1.0) and Cl(3.0)  H(2.1) and F(4.0)
 Answer the bonds below and determine if
it is Polar or Non-Polar.
• HF

• H2O

• NH3

• CF4

• CO2
 Summary
• In a polar bond, one atom is more electronegative than the
other.
• In a nonpolar bond, both atoms have similar
electronegativities.
• An asymmetric molecule with polar bonds is a polar molecule.
• An asymmetric molecule with nonpolar bonds is a nonpolar
molecule.
• A symmetric molecule, regardless of the polarity of the bonds,
is always a nonpolar molecule.