Group 3

Unit 3 - EARLY CHILDHOOD

(The Preschooler)

SWEET DREAM A. CANATOY HONEYLYN V. CASING DEAN BEB MARIE GARCIA ERVEN KENTH GENQUISCAS JAIGIE FAILDEN
 Unit 3:
EARLY CHILDHOOD
(The Preschooler)
Early Childhood
- starts from 3 to 5 years old;
- this stage is where the children need to improve their
skills especially on socializing;
- kids at this ages are sent to preschool.

Preschool
- alsoknown as nursery school, pre-primary school, or play school or creche, is
an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to
children before they begin compulsory education at primary school.

Preschool Years
- commonly known as “the years before formal schooling begins.”

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 Big Ideas about the Physical Development
of Preschoolers
1. There are significant changes in physical growth of preschoolers.
2. The preschoolers’ physical development is marked by the
acquisition of gross and fine motor skills.
3. Preschoolers can express themselves artistically at a very early age.
4. Proper nutrition and the right amount of sleep are very important
for the preschoolers.

5. Caregivers and teachers can do a lot in maximizing the growth and development of preschoole

6. Preschoolers with special needs in inclusive classrooms can thrive well with the appropriate
adaptations made in the classroom, materials and activities.
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 Significant Changes in Physical
Growth
• Physical growth- refers to the increases in height and weight and other
body changes that happen as kids mature.
- the child’s trunk, arms and legs become longer.
• Center of the Gravity- refers to the point at which body-weight is
evenly distributed.
1. Toddlers have their center of gravity at a high level, about the CHEST LEVEL.
2. Preschoolers have their center of gravity at a lower level, right about their BELLY
BUTTON.
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The preschooler years are
the time to instill habits of
good dental hygiene.

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GROSS AND FINE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
G RO S S MO TO R FI N E M O TO R
• refers to acquiring skills that involve the large
muscles. These gross motor skills are • refers to acquiring the ability to use the
categorized into three: locomotor, non- smaller muscles in the arm, hands and
locomotor and manipulative skills. fingers purposefully.
• Locomotor skills are those that involve going • Some of the skills included
from one place to another, like walking.
running, climbing, skipping, hopping,
picking,squeezing,pounding,holding,wri
creeping, galloping, and dodging. Non- ting and drawing.
locomotor ones are those where the child stays
in place, like bending, stretching, turning and
• Fine motor skills develop after gross
swaying. Manipulative skills are those that motor skills
involve projecting and receiving objects, like
throwing, striking, bouncing, catching and
dribbling. 7
Preschoolers' Artistic Development
• In 1947 a man by the name of Viktor Lowenfeld published a text book
stating that there are five stages of artistic development that can be
seen through the art work produced by children and each stage is
cruitial to the overall development of children not only artistically but
also mentally.

• Scribbling stage, Preschematic stage and Schematic stage.

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 The Scribble Stage
• During the scribble stage children at the age of 2 use coloring
tools to make random dots,lines and a variety of circle .

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 Preschematic stage
• At this point adults may be able to recognize the drawings, Children at
this stage tend to give the same names to their drawings several times.
Drawings usually consist of a prominent head with basic elements. Later,
arms, legs, hands and even facial features are included.

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 Schematic Stage
• More elaborate scenes are depicted. Children usually draw from
experience and exposure. Drawings may include houses, trees, the sun
and sky and people. Initially, they may appear floating in air but
eventually drawings appear to follow a ground line.

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 Preschoolers' Nutrition and Sleep
• The kind of nutrition a preschooler gets has far-reaching effect on his
physical growth and development. The preschooler's nutritional status is the
result of what nutrients he or she actually takes in, checked against the
nutritional requirement for his her age.

A Quick Look at What Preschoolers Can Do: (physical skills) This

bulleted list of preschoolers' physical skills is lifted from the Physical Domain
component of the Philippine Early Learning and Development Standards
(ELDS). This set of standards was based on a study commissioned by UNICEF
and the Child Welfare Council (CWC) This is now adopted for use by the
Early Childhood Care and Development Council
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Gross Motor: 36-48
• Jumps and turns

• Stands on one leg without falling for at least 5 seconds Throws a ball overhead with control of
direction

• Throws a ball overhead with control of speed Kicks a ball with control of speed

Fine-motor Skills: 36-48 Months

• Consistently turns pages of a picture or story book one page at a time, looking at pictures with
interest

• Purposefully copies diagonal lines

• Purposefully bisects a cross Purposefully copies a square

• Purposefully copies a triangle. • Cuts with scissors following a line

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49-60 months
• Copies a simple pattern of different basic shapes . Draws a human figure (head, eyes, mouth,
trunk, arms, etc.) without prompts.
• Draws a house without prompts using geometric forms.
• Colors with strokes staying within the lines.
Personal Care and Hygiene (Self-Help Skills)
36-48 months
• Pours from pitcher without spillage.
• Feeds self-using spoon without spillage.
• Dresses without assistance except for buttons and tying laces.
• Puts on socks independently.
49-60 months
• Feeds self- using fingers without spillage.
• Dresses without assistance, including buttoning and tying . Wipes/cleans him/herself after a
bowel movement.
• Brushes teeth after meals without having to be told.
• Washes and dries face independently without having to be told Takes a bath independently
without having to be told 14
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

• Language development in humans is a process starting early in life. Infants

start without knowing a language, yet by 10 months, babies can distinguish
speech sounds and engage in babbling
• Young children's understanding sometimes gets ahead of their speech.
•  As children go through early childhood, their grasp of the rules of language
increases (morphology, semantics, pragmatics). Symbolic thinking involves
language, literacy and dramatic play.
• 
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 THE FOUR BASIC ASPECTS OF
LANGUAGE
• PHONOLOGY- refers to forming and using speech sounds to clearly communicate language. As more
sounds of a language are acquired, language becomes clearer, and pronunciation, fluency, and intonation all
improve

• SYNN-TAX- refers to forming and using speech sound to clearly communicate language.

• SENMATICS- Semantic skills refers to the ability to understand meaning in different types of
words, phrases, narratives, signs and symbols and the meaning they give to the speaker and listener.

• PRAGMATICS- is the use of appropriate communication in social situations (knowing what to say,

how to say it,

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6 STAGE OF LANGAUGE
DEVELOPMENT
• Pre-birth: Preparation of the human brain for language acquisition after birth

• Babbling – 7 months of age- At this stage, infants begin to explore the properties of sounds through
production. 

• One-word (Holophrastic) Stage – 1-1.5-years-old-During this stage, children begin to acquire and
produce real words of their native languages.

• Two Word Stage – 1.5-2-years-old- Children usually enter this stage when they have acquired about 50
words

•  Telegraphic Stage – 2-2.5-years-old- At this stage, children experience a vocabulary spurt or

“explosion.”

•Tuesday,
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• The After Telegraphic Stage – 2.6+-years-old- Early in this stage, complete sentences begin to emerge.
Imperative and declarative sentences appear first 

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 Language and Social Interaction

• -Children naturally acquire a language in social contexts where they interact with their
caregivers. Indeed, research shows that social interaction facilitates lexical and
phonological development at the early stages of child language acquisition.

• Vygotsky believed that young children use language both to communicate socially and
to plan, guide, and monitor their behavior in a self-regulatory fashion called inner
speech or private speech

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Information Processing Theory- Attention
and Memory
• The Information Processing model is another way of
examining and understanding how children develop
cognitively. This model conceptualizes children's mental
processes through the metaphor of a computer processing,
encoding, storing, and decoding data.

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Early Childhood

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 Table

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The way to get
started is to quit
talking and begin
doing.
Walt Disney

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Team

Name Name Name Name

Title Title Title Title

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Timeline

 If you don’t see the

 To display Presenter
view, in Slide Show
 To start a view, on the control
presentation, go to bar at the bottom left
the Slide Show tab, select the three dots,
and select From and then Show
Beginning. Presenter View.
 During your Notes pane or it is
presentation, the completely
speaker notes are minimized, click
visible on your  The Notes pane is a Notes on the task bar
monitor, but aren't box that appears across the bottom of
visible to the below each slide. Tap the PowerPoint
audience. it to add notes. window.

Title Title Title  Title  Title

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Content
SUBTITLE SUBTITLE

• Add text, images, art, and videos. • Open the Design Ideas pane for instant
slide makeovers.
• Add transitions, animations, and motion.
• When we have design ideas, we’ll show
• Save to OneDrive, to get to your
them to you right there.
presentations from your computer, tablet,
or phone.

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Content 2
S U BT I T LE SU BT I TL E S U B TI T LE
• Add text, images, art, and videos. • Add text, images, art, and videos. • Add text, images, art, and videos.

• Add transitions, animations, and motion. • Add transitions, animations, and motion. • Add transitions, animations, and motion.

• Save to OneDrive, to get to your • Save to OneDrive, to get to your • Save to OneDrive, to get to your
presentations from your computer, tablet, presentations from your computer, presentations from your computer,
or phone. tablet, or phone. tablet, or phone.

• Open the Design Ideas pane for instant • Open the Design Ideas pane for instant • Open the Design Ideas pane for instant
slide makeovers. slide makeovers. slide makeovers.

• When we have design ideas, we’ll show • When we have design ideas, we’ll show • When we have design ideas, we’ll show
them to you right there. them to you right there. them to you right there.

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Summary With PowerPoint, you can create presentations and share your
work with others, wherever they are. Type the text you want here
to get started. You can also add images, art, and videos on this
template. Save to OneDrive and access your presentations from
your computer, tablet, or phone.

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Thank You
Presenter name

Email address

Website address

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