A Date with Data: First Date

Introduction to

DA
managemen
t
Lesson Methods of
Central
Introduction Presenting Position Variability
Tendency
Data

outline
 Objectives of the Lesson:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be
able to:
 Differentiate between data and information;
 Differentiate between quantitative and qualitative
data;
 Differentiate between the sources of data; and
 Identify the level of measurement used in gathering
quantitative data.
Basic Concepts
in Data
Management
 Fields of Statistics
is concerned with the
methods of collecting,

Descriptiv organizing,
presenting
and
data

Statisticse appropriately and

creatively to describe
or assess group
characteristics.
 Fields of Statistics
is concerned with
inferring or drawing
Inferential conclusions about the

Statistics
population based from
pre-selected elements
of that population.
 Fields of Statistics
The Midwifery student There is an observed
body is dominated by relationship between a
women, accounting for 73% students’ gender and their
of the total student preference to go into the
population. Midwifery program, with
women thrice more likely to
enroll as a midwife than
men.

descriptive inferential
 Constants and variables
refer to fundamental
quantities that do not
change in value. Fixed
constant costs and acceleration
due to gravity are
examples of such.
 Constants and variables

are quantities that may

variable take any of a specified

set of values.
 Types of variables

are non-measurable
characteristics that cannot

qualitative
(Categorical)
assume a numerical value
but can be classified into
two or more categories.
 Types of variables
are those variables that can be
counted with your bare hands,
can be measured with the use of

quantitativ measuring devices or can be

calculated using a mathematical
formula.

e
 Types of variables
 Discrete variables
(actual values) are
Quantitative usually obtained via
variables can be counting.
 Continuous variables
classified are obtained via
measurements.
into two:
 Mini Game 1 Identify me!

Direction Various data shall be shown in

s: the next slides. Identify whether
the data is Quantitative or
Qualitative. If the data is
quantitative, identify further
whether it is discrete or
continuous.
 Item no. 1

Students’ sex
 Item no. 2

Height of the Mid 1C

 Item no. 3

Total Population of the

Midwifery
 Item no. 4

Academic
Achievement as
indicated by Grades
 Item no. 5

Students’ Residence
 Types of variables
 Exogenous (Independent)
A Variable that is
expected to effect
Variables can also changes in the other
be classified as variable.
 Endogenous (Dependent)
The variable that is
expected to be affected
by the Exogenous
Variable.
 Types of variables

Independent Dependent
Number of Hours Plant growth (no.
exposed to the sun of leaves, height,
etc.)
Data vs information

are raw facts. These

are observations,
data values, elements, or
objects under
consideration.
 Data vs information

For
The individual
measurement of the
heights of the Mid 1C

example Students
considered data.
are
 Data vs information
are data that have been
processed and presented in a
form suitable for human
interpretation, usually with
informatio the purpose of revealing
trends or patterns about the
n population
 Data vs information

For The heights of the Mid

1C arranged into
lowest to highest to
example determine.
 Sources of data

These are sources

Primary of first hand
information is obtained

source
usually by means of
personal interview and
actual observation.
 Sources of data
These are sources
taken from others’ works,

secondar news reports, readings,

and those that are kept by
the National Statistics

y Office, Securities and

Exchange Office, SSS and
other government and

source private agencies.

Scales of measurement of data
Classifies objects or people’s
responses so that all of those in

nominal
a single category are equal with
respect to some attributes and
then each category is coded
numerically.

For example, 1 is for female, 2

is for male.
Scales of measurement of data
Classifies objects or
individual’s responses,

ordinal
according to degree or level,
then each level is coded
numerically. Customers’
responses regarding their
satisfaction towards a company
can fall between an ordinal
scale.
Scales of measurement of data
In this level, the difference
between 2 variables is

interval meaningful. The variables are

measured in actuals and not as
a relative manner, where the
presence of zero is arbitrary.
Scales of measurement of data
This takes into account the
interval size and ratio of two

Ratio related quantities, which are

usually based on a standard of
measurement. This has a “true
zero” or “absolute zero”.
Examples of this is age, height,
rate of change in production,
and time.