Chapter-Sound

Topic-Sound produced by Humans

CLASS-8B
Date:10/08/21
SUBJECT-PHYSICS

P RE S E N T E D BY D IK S H I T A S A I K IA
CONTENTS:
 Sound produced by humans
 Activity 13.6
 Oscillations
 Amplitude, Time period and Frequency
Sound produced by humans: In humans, the sound is produced
by the voice box or the larynx. Put your fingers on the throat
and find a hard bump that seems to move when you swallow.
This part of the body is known as the voice box. It is at the upper
end of the windpipe. Two vocal cords, are stretched across the
voice box or larynx in such a way that it leaves a narrow slit
between them for the passage of air(Fig. 13.8).
When the lungs force air through the slit, the vocal cords
vibrate, producing sound. Muscles attached to the vocal cords
can make the cords tight or loose. When the vocal cords are tight
and thin, the type or quality of voice is different from that when
they are loose and thick.
Activity 13.6
1) Take two rubber strips of the same size.
2) Place these two pieces one above the
other and stretch them tight.
3) Now blow air through the gap between
them.[Fig. 13.9(a)]
4) As the air blows through the stretched
rubber strips, a sound is produced.
5) You can also take a piece of paper with
a narrow slit and hold it between yours
fingers as shown in [Fig. 13.9(b)]
6) Now blow through the slit and listen to
the sound.
7) Our vocal cords produces sound in a
similar manner.
Oscillations: The type of motion where the body repeats its
motion in a regular intervals of time, between two points by
retracing the path in a to-and-fro manner is called Oscillation.
Eg- a simple pendulum execute oscillatory motion.
Simple pendulum: A simple pendulum consists of a metallic
bob suspended from a rigid support with the help of inextensible
string or thread.
Amplitude: The maximum displacement(or distance
moved) of the pendulum bob from its mean position
is called amplitude(A). The unit of amplitude is
meter(m) and CGS unit is cm.

Time period: The time taken by the bob to complete

one oscillation is called the time period of its
oscillation(T). The unit of time period is second.
Time period=time taken/No. of oscillations
Frequency: The number of oscillations completed in one
second is called the frequency of its oscillation. It is
denoted by the symbol (f)
Frequency= No. of oscillation/time
or Frequency=1/Time period
i.e f=1/T
Unit of frequency: The unit frequency is hertz(Hz) or
sec-1.
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