Maths Project

By : Mann Dedhia
 Rational Numbers
In Maths , rational numbers are represented in p/q form where q
is not equal to zero. It is also a type of real number. Any fraction
with non-zero denominators is a rational number. Hence, we can
say that ‘0’ is also a rational number, as we can represent it in many
forms such as 0/1, 0/2, 0/3, etc. But, 1/0, 2/0, 3/0, etc. are not
rational, since they give us infinite values. Also, check irrational
numbers here and compare them with rational numerals.
In this ppt, we will learn about what is a rational number, the
properties of rational numbers along with its types, the difference
between rational and irrational numbers, and solved examples. It
helps to understand the concepts in a better way. Also, learn the
various rational number examples and learn how to find rational
numbers in a better way. To represent rational numbers on a
number line, we need to simplify and write in the decimal form
first
 WhatisaRational Number?

A rational number, in Mathematics, can be defined as

any number which can be represented in the form of
p/q where q ≠ 0. Also, we can say that any fraction fits
under the category of rational numbers, where the
denominator and numerator are integers and the
denominator is not equal to zero. When the rational
number (i.e., fraction) is divided, the result will be in
decimal form, which may be either terminating
decimal or the repeating decimal. 
 Types of Rational Numbers

A number is rational if we can write it as a fraction, where both

denominator and numerator are integers and denominator is a
non-zero number.
The below diagram helps us to understand more about the number
sets.
 How to identify rational numbers?

To identify if a number is rational or not, check the

below conditions.
It is represented in the form of p/q, where q≠0.
The ratio p/q can be further simplified and
represented in decimal form.
The set of rational numerals:
Include positive, negative numbers, and zero
Can be expressed as a fraction
Rational Numbers in Standard Form
 Expressing a rational number into standard form means there is
no common factor, other than 1, available in its numerator and
denominator and its denominator is a positive integer.  Numbers
which can be expressed in the form of p/q, where p and q are
integers and q is not equal to zero, are known as rational
numbers.  Hence, if 4/6 is a rational number, then its standard
form will be 2/3 since we cannot solve 2/3, any more.
 The standard form of rational number helps us to determine the
value in a more specific way. Like, 20/25 can be expressed as 4/5,
10/20 can be expressed as 1/2 and so on.
 In Maths, we rationalise the fractions to express them into
standard forms. The fractions have numerator and denominator
part. A fraction is in standard form when numerator and
denominator are co-prime. All integers and fractions are rational
numbers. It is easy to perform addition and subtraction of
rational numbers once we have rationalised their denominators.
Procedure to Convert Rational Numbers to Standard Form
Whenever we have a rational number, first, we find the H.C.F.
of numerator and denominator, if it is 1 i.e. if the numerator
and denominator of the rational number are co-prime
numbers, then the given rational number is in its standard
form.
If the numerator and denominator are not co-prime, then we
start dividing both the numerator and denominator by the
common factor of both. We keep on dividing the numerator
and denominator with the common factors unless we get a
numerator and denominator with H.C.F. equal to 1.
Examples
Let us consider the following example,
 to have a better understanding.
Consider a rational number, 16/24. The H.C.F. of 16 and 24 is 8, which is

not equal to 1, hence the given rational number is not in its standard
form. Now, we know that 2 is a common factor of 16 and 24.  Dividing
both the numerator and denominator by 2, we get 8/12.
Again the H.C.F. is not equal to 1, so again dividing it by 2. On dividing

the numerator and denominator by 2 we get 4/6. Still, we find that the
H.C.F. is not equal to 1. So, we will again divide both the numerator and
denominator by 2. So, now we finally obtain 2/3. The H.C.F. of 2 and 3 is
1, i.e. 2 and 3 are co-prime. Hence, the rational numbers obtained now
has an H.C.F. equal to 1.
Therefore, the standard form of 16/24 = 2/3

This is the way in which we find how to change any rational numbers in

standard form.
 How to express a rational number in
decimal form ?
Let's see how to express a rational number in decimal form
For eg:- Take a rational number 47​
When you divide 7 by 4, you will get a quotient as 1 and remainder as 3
As 3<4
Add 0 after remainder i.e. 3 so that it becomes 30 and add decimal point
after quotient i.e. 1
Now, when you divide 30 by 4, the quotient will be 7 and remainder will
be 2
So, you will get 1.7
Again as 2<3, add 0 after 2 so that you get 20.
Note that, we can add decimal point only once.
Now divide 20 by 4, the quotient will be 5 and remainder 0
As the remainder is 0
So, we have 47​=1.75
Thank
You