PERSONAL

DEVELOPMENT
Domains of Human
Development
• Physical
• Cognitive
• Psychosocial
Human development is also influenced
by:
 Heredity – inborn traits passed on by the
generations to offspring
 Environment – is the world outside of ourselves
 Maturation – natural progression of the brain and
the body
Personal Development
or
Personality
Development
 Personality Development
-personality enhancing skills that
gives us better prospects of
creating desired impressions
- Aim to develop, polish and refine
your image
Personal Development
-“The process of striving to be the best that you
can be in order to reach and realize your full
potential.”
- Zorka Hereford
- Process which person reflect upon
themselves, understand who they are, accept
what they discover, learn or unlearn new sets
of values
 ORIGINS OF PERSONAL
DEVELOPMENT
 Cavemen
- Attempted to narrate their experiences such as hunting

 Greek Thinkers
- Question about the self and about being human have
begun to be asked
  Plato
- Building character as much as intelligence is what
education is all about

 Eastern Thought
- The concept of “superior man”

 Religion
- Adherence to many rituals in self-discipline
 AND
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

- Study of human thinking and behavior

- Serves as the foundation of personal
development
- Humanistic and Positive psychology
 Humanistic Psychology

• Abraham Maslow
• Carl Rogers
Which studies the
whole person and the
uniqueness of an
individual
 • ABRAHAM
MASLOW
- Hierarchy of Needs
(Self-Actualization reaching
your full potential)
- “What a man can be, he must
be”
 • CARL ROGERS

- The individual has the

capacity and the tendency
if latent if not evident, to
move toward maturity

- Every person could achieve

their goals, wishes and desires
in life
- Scientific study of strength and virtues
that enable communities to thrive. POSITIVE
- Founded on a belief that people want
PSYCHOLOGY
to lead a meaningful and fulfilling lives, - Martin Seligman
to cultivate what is best within them, - Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
and to enhance their experience of love
work and play.
 ADOLESCENCE
- transition period between childhood and early adulthood

• Early Adolescence
bet 10-13 years of age

• Middle Adolescence
bet 14-16 years of age

• Late Adolescence
bet 17-20 years of age
KNOWING ONESELF
What is your definition of
self?
 Self-knowledge and admitting
Socrates ignorance is beginning of true
knowledge

Plato The essence of knowledge self-

knowledge
 Self
• Is the essence of a person: thoughts, feelings,
actions, experiences, beliefs, principles

• Includes life purpose, meaning, aspirations,

one’s relationship with the higher being

• Roles that we take (parent’s child, classmate,

friend)

• Cognitive and affective representation of

one’s identity
(Behavior and thought)
 PERSONALITY
• In psychology
• In psychology • Asian Psychology
Refers to set of behavior, Is a frozen picture or concept of
feelings, thoughts and the self from the past that may
motives that identify an no longer be true due to the
individual evolving and wiser self in the
present times.
 What influences
personality?

• Nature (heredity or genetic

makeup)
• Nurture (Environment)
 TRAIT THEORIES

an approach in identifying types of

personalities based on certain traits
or attributes that vary from one
person to the other
 Costa and McCrae

discovered the five universal and

widely agreed upon dimensions of
personality
- The Big Five Or Five-Factor Model
(OCEAN)
 Active seeking and appreciation of
Openness to experience for their own sake
experience

How a person operates in terms of

dealing task (orderly, achievement
Conscientiousness focused, self disciplined)

Refers to the quantity and intensity

Extraversion of energy directed outward the social
world
 People who are good-natured,
Agreeableness trusting, generous and lenient

Common quality of the worriers

Neuroticism (anxious, emotional and vulnerable
How can we measure
personality?
 Keirsey Tempera Myers-Briggs
Rorschach Ink ment Sorter Type Indicator
blot Test
• Rorschach Inkblot Test
•Keirsey Temperament
Sorter
 • Myers-Briggs Type
Indicator
- Based on the four preference of
individuals
• E or I (Extraversion or Introversion)
How an individual prefers to channel his/her
energy when dealing with people
• S or N (Sensing or Intuition)
How one prefers to process information,
whether through the use of senses such as
being able to describe what one sees, or
intuitively like dealing with ideas
 • T or F (Thinking or Feeling) • J or P (Judgement or Perception)
How an individual prefers to make decisions, How one an individual prefers to manage
either thinking or using logic and analysis, or one’s life whether through judging, means
feeling which uses the cognitive senses plan and organized life versus perception
based on values and beliefs which has more flexible approach to living
DEVELOPING THE WHOLE PERSON
 Concept of Duality
 Rene Descartes
-Understanding the nature of things in a simple dual mode

 Western philosophy
-is one that regards opposites as rigidly the negation of the
other

 Eastern thought
- Is a continuous and dynamic movement of these opposing
forces
 HOLISM
 Jan C. Smuts
“the tendency in nature to form wholes which are
greater than the sum of its part through creative
evolution”

GESTALT
“something that is made of many parts and yet is
somehow more than or different from the
combination of its part
 What is the relationship or the
connection of the concept of holism
to us human?
Aspects of Holistic
Development
 1. Physiological
- The physical attributes including the five senses

2. Cognitive
- intellectual functions of the mind

3. Psychological
- how thinking, feeling, and behaving interact and happen in a person
 4. Social
- the manner which an individual interacts with other individual

5. Spiritual
- the attribute of a person’s consciousness and beliefs including
the values and virtues that guide and put meaning to a person’s
life
Basic Drive and affect
Feelings and Emotions
EMOTIONS
 Taken from Latin word movare, which
means to move or to be upset or agitated
 Four basic emotions (happy, sad, afraid,
disgusted)
FEELINGS
 Arises from the brain as it interprets
an emotion which is usually caused
by physical sensations experienced by
the body to a certain external stimuli.
ATTITUDES AND
BEHAVIOR
ATTITUDES
 Is a person’s thought feelings and emotions
about other person, object, idea, behavior or
situation

BEHAVIOR
 Is the manifestation or acting out of the
attitudes an individual has
Can attitude affects
behavior or vice versa?
VALUES AND
VIRTUES
VALUES
 system of beliefs that adhere to the
highest ideals of human existence
 There are 10 basic human values
according to Shalom Schwartz
 BASIC HUMAN
VALUES
1. Universalism- Understanding, appreciation, tolerance and
protection for the welfare of all people and nature
2. Benevolence – Preservation and enhancement of the
welfare of the people with whom one is in frequent
contact
3. Tradition – Respect, commitment and acceptance of the
customs that culture or religion provide the self
 4. Conformity- Restraints of actions, inclinations and
impulses likely to upset or harm others and violate social
norms

5. Security – Safety, harmony and stability of society or

relationship and or self.

6. Power – Social status, prestige, control or dominance

over people and resources
 7. Hedonism – Pleasure and sensuous gratification for
oneself

8. Achievement– Personal success through demonstrating

competence according to social standards

9. Stimulation– Excitement, novelty and challenge in life

10. Self-Direction – independent thought and action-

choosing, creating and exploring
VIRTUES
 A habitual and firm disposition to do the good
 Our values develop virtues