COMMUNI

TY-BASED
MANAGEM
ENT
CONTENT

01 02 03 04
ATTRIBUTES
WHAT IS THREE LEVELS OF OF A
COMMUNITY- MANAGEMEN COMMUNITY PARTICIPATO
BASED T INVOLVEMEN RY
MANAGEMEN APPROACHES T APPROACH
T?
01
WHAT IS
COMMUNITY-
BASED
MANAGEMENT?
• Community-based management (CBM) is a 
bottom-up approach of organization which can
be facilitated by an upper government or NGO
 structure but it aims for local stakeholder
participation in the planning, research,
development, management and policy making
for a community as a whole. 
• The community-based management concept is
often integrated in the conservation and
development projects of natural resources.
Referred to as community-based natural resources
management (CBNRM), these projects aim to
develop a partnership between wildlife and
communities while generating revenue to benefit
the community as well as its resources management.
02
THREE
MANAGEMENT
APPROACHES
THREE MANAGEMENT
TOP-DOWN
APPROACH
APPROACHES
When people other than the
resource users make
decisions about managing
resources and enforcing rules.
For example, government
departments make all the
decisions and rules about the
resources.
BOTTOM-UP
APPROACH
When people who are
directly affected by resource
use are involved in decision
making and managing the
resource. For example, fisher
people would be involved in
making decisions about the
rules that affect them.
COMBINATIO
N APPROACH
When people who are
directly affected by resource
use are involved in decision
making and managing the
resource. For example, fisher
people would be involved in
making decisions about the
rules that affect them.
THREE MANAGEMENT

TOP-DOWN BOTTOM-UP COMBINATIO

APPROACH APPROACH N APPROACH
APPROACHES

• Centralized planning • Local Management • Incorporates top-down

and authority by • Local Responsibility and bottom-up
people other than approaches
resource users. • Dynamic partnerships
• Implementation/
enforcement of
national policies.
03
LEVELS OF
COMMUNITY
INVOLVEMENT
LEVELS OF COMMUNITY

Participation –

Participatory approaches encourage shared decision-making,

cooperation, collaboration, mutual respect, confidence building and
empowerment. Through incorporating such elements into all levels of
developmental activities, communities, districts and ministries
INVOLVEMENT

become more engaged, informed, and responsible for their own

sustainable development. Such an approach builds capacity, increases
learning and strengthens participant ownership of the constructs and
strategies underlying project activities.
LEVELS OF COMMUNITY
INVOLVEMENT
04
ATTRIBUTES OF
A
PARTICIPATORY
APPROACH
ATTRIBUTES OF

DECISION-
PARTICIPATORY

PASSIVE INFORMED ACTIVE MAKERS

APPROACH
Thank you!