Formulating Evaluative Statements

Assertions & Counterclaims

Reading and Writing Quarter 2 - Lesson 9
  At the end of this lesson, you are
expected to:
 a. Formulate assertions about the
content and properties of a text read
Objectives  b. Formulate meaningful counterclaims
in response to claims made in a text read
 c. Determine textual evidence to validate
assertions and counterclaims made about
a text read
 For us to understand each other, we
need to listen very carefully to what
was said. We cannot just make any
assumptions according to how we
Remember!
want things to happen because we
may end up screwing the actual
message and defeat the purpose of the
message.
 We all have the right to express
our minds and give our own
judgement, but we need to be
Remember! very cautious because we also
have to know that not everyone
thinks the same way that you
do.
 An evaluative essay is one that
presents a writer's point of view
about the subject. Its purpose is to
Formulating
Evaluative Statements evaluate upsides and downsides of
Assertions and
Counterclaims some object, process or action. It is
Correspondence
often confused with the persuasive
essay but the difference is to display
more balanced arguments.
 Study the picture
and answer the
following
questions:

What do you see?

What other image does the picture show?
 A way of giving a better explanation to
show the strength and the weaknesses of
something through writing and presents a
value judgment based on a set of criteria.
What is an • Used in giving a sound judgement – one
Evaluative that can be backed up or supported by
Statement? valid reasons or proofs.
• The writer’s way of explaining, through
the evidences gathered, why a strength is a
strength and a weakness a weakness.
 • Read the text carefully
and critically; grasp the
How to essence of the text and
Formulate an
Evaluative check the argument for
Statement?
possible fallacies
(misjudgments/
misconceptions).
 1. Formulate assertions about the
content and properties of a text
read
Steps to
compose an 2. Formulate a meaningful
evaluative counterclaim in response to a
statement: claim made in the text read
Counterclaim is the opposition you
make about the claim of a writer.
 When someone makes a statement
investing his strong belief in it, as if it
is true, though it may not be, he is
making an assertion.
ASSERTION Assertion is a stylistic approach or
technique involving a strong
declaration, a forceful or confident
and positive statement regarding a
belief or a fact.
 Often, it is without proof or
any support. Its purpose is
to express ideas or feelings
ASSERTION directly.
Example: “I have put my
every effort to complete this
task today.”
 1. Let readers feel that
they should not disagree or
dispute what they read or
Function of hear.
Assertion
 2. Accept the idea or
notion as an indisputable/
unarguable fact.
 • It is for the writer to
convey directly an idea
or feeling and to
The Purpose of
Writing an convince the reader to
Assertion
accept the writer’s
interpretation of a
particular literary work.
 TYPES OF is a statement used to express
ASSERTION
the writer's feelings, beliefs,
BASIC and opinions directly. This
ASSERTION type of assertion is usually
used in writing formal papers
like thesis and dissertation.
 Example:
The Philippines has an advanced
TYPES OF civilization before the
ASSERTION
colonization of Spain. Form and
BASIC branches of government, social
ASSERTION structure and the existence of
ancient writing are some of the
evidence that proves the
advancement of the pre-colonial
period.
 This first sentence is
TYPES OF
ASSERTION considered as the
BASIC basic assertion. The
ASSERTION
second sentence
contains evidence that
support the assertion.
 is a statement used to
TYPES OF
ASSERTION express empathy or
EMPHATIC on how a person
ASSERTION
understands the
feelings and emotions
of the literary author.
 This can be used on writing a
formal or informal paper. It is
TYPES OF usually composed of two parts:
ASSERTION
1) the first part is the statement
EMPHATIC that recognizes the situation or
ASSERTION even the feelings of the characters
on the text being read
2.) the second statement where the
writer states his stand about the
situation.
 Example:
I know that the Philippines,
TYPES OF
ASSERTION before pre-Spaniard
colonization, has their system
EMPHATIC
ASSERTION of writing called the
‘baybayin’. This alone proves
that the Filipinos are literate
as opposed to the Spaniards
claim.
 The first part
TYPES OF recognizes the situation
ASSERTION
based on the text being
EMPHATIC
ASSERTION read. The second part
contains the writer’s
stand on the situation
presented.
 is a statement used to express
the feeling and preference of
TYPES OF
ASSERTION the writer. It is called I-
Language because it focuses
LANGUAGE on the writer and is using the
ASSERTION
pronoun ‘I’. This type of
assertion is recommended if
the author wants to express
negative feelings and opinion
  This is best used in writing a review or
reflection paper. t is composed of Three
parts:
TYPES OF
ASSERTION • The first part contains the accurate
information from literary work, especially
LANGUAGE the topic the writer disagrees with (When
ASSERTION you. ..) • The second part includes the effect
or feeling of the writer towards the topic (It
affects/I feel...).
• The last part includes the preference or
recommendation of the writer (Therefore, I
prefer/I want...).
  Example:
Upon reading that the ancient Filipino
TYPES OF civilization is divided into three social
ASSERTION
classes namely the ‘maharlika’,
‘timawa’ and ‘alipin’, I feel proud
LANGUAGE because of the civilization social
ASSERTION
advancement and at the same time sad
because of the promulgation of social
differentiation. With this finding, I
want to do further research on the
existence of these social classes’ stigma.
 TYPES OF
ASSERTION The example given is
divided into three parts
LANGUAGE that includes the feelings
ASSERTION
and preference of the
writer.
 as defined by Tiongson (2016), are
“claims made to rebut a previous
claim.” This point of view is in
COUNTERCL contrast to previous claims made by
AIMS
the author. The counterclaims in the
text are usually presented in a
straightforward way
  What are the major points on which you
and the author can disagree?
 What is their strongest argument? What
did they say to defend their position?
Questions that
can help one  What are the merits of their view?
formulate a  What are the weaknesses or
counterclaim: shortcomings in their argument?
 Are there any hidden assumptions?
 Which lines form the text best support
the counterclaim you have formulated?