CE-206:Building Planning, Drawing and

Estimation
Lecture#2

Mahendra Kumar Pal, PhD

Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
IIT BHU Varanasi
 Course Contents
▪ Drawing#1: (2 Lectures) Plan, elevation and section view of a given residential building

▪ Drawing#2: (2 Lectures) Design and drawing of a building providing the required amenties.

▪ Drawing#3: (2 Lectures) Drawing to a scale plan, elevation and section, assuming details as given per rules and
regulations.

▪ Drawing#4: (2 Lectures) Repeat the Drawing#3 problem for two-story (masonry buildings ) as per the given plan.

▪ Drawing#5: (2 Lectures) Draw the plan, elevation and Section view of the institute building of department of Civil
Engineering.

▪ Drawing#6: (3 Lectures) Draw to scale line plan, elevation and section (optional) of a two-story hostel building for 200
students with major facilities

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Contents of the Today’s Lecture
▪ Introduction to Drawing

▪ Drawing Requirement

▪ Foundation

▪ Building Planning

▪ Residential Building Drawing

▪ Public Building

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Building Planning
▪ Planning of building
▪ Climate of site and its effect
▪ Living habbits of the owner and his/her requirement
▪ Budget of owner
▪ Bye-laws and regulations of sanctioning authority
▪ Materials and methods for construciton

▪ Orientation of building means that positioning the plan of building with respect to the
▪ Geographical direction
▪ Direction of wind, altitude and azimuth of sun to get max comfort from Sun and wind

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Principles of Planning
▪ Irrespective of the housing (General or industrial), a certain general principles of planning should
be carefully be considered and checked before finalization of plan
▪ Aspcts
▪ Prospects
▪ Grouping
▪ Economy
▪ Roominess
▪ Ciculation
▪ Flexibility
▪ Furniture Requirement
▪ Elegance
▪ Privacy
▪ Sanitation

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Principle of Planning
▪ Aspect: aspects in broader sense means to direct proper sunshine and breeze to
create plesant and hygienic atmosphere.
▪ as per rule, every habitable room shall have opening directly to the external air or into an
open verandah, excluding doors inclusive of frames shall not be less than
a) one-tenth of floor area for dry hot climate
b) one-sixth of floor area for wet hot climate
c) one-eight of floor area for intermediate climate
d) one-twelfth of floor area for cold climate and cross ventilation

▪ Prospect: means that outside view as seen while looking through window and doors in
external walls from a room of the house.
▪ Everyone desires that outside view from room of the building shall be pleasant.

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Principle of Planning
▪ Grouping: is arrangement of various rooms with reference to their function
▪ Living Area: for general use and should be next verandah and near entrance
▪ Sleeping Area: bed rooms located as to gaurd privacy
▪ Service Area:
▪ Kitchen: adjacent to dining area but kitchen activities should be gaurded
▪ Bath and W.C: direct access from all rooms
▪ Circulation Area: area for passage, lobby, corridor etc, should be minimum but well
ventilated and lighted
▪ Other Area: Study room, Pooja,, office room which shall be near to living room or bed
room

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Principle of Planning
▪ Economy: Planner should know beforehand the amount of money within which
construction of buiding has to be completed and plan shall be finalized accordingly.
▪ Shape of square building is more economic
▪ Bigger the size of the rooms the lesser is cost
▪ Minimum offsets should be provided to satisfy architectural and other practical consideration
▪ Planning on modular basis
▪ size of rooms
▪ Doors and windows

▪ Roominess: is the accomplishment of economy of space. Planning should be such

that maximum benefit can be obtained drom minimum dimensions required for the
functionality.

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Principle of Planning
▪ Circulation: free space required for movement and access to different room, kitchen,
bath etc.
▪ Felxibility: means provisions in original plan for its future extension or change in inside
planning of room, bathroom, w.c. etc by changing the positions of partition walls

▪ Furniture Requirement: during planning of furniture and other utility articles should be
arranged in respective rooms as to give maximum area for movement, convenince for
operating doors, window and comfortable breeze to bed.

▪ Elegance: external appearance of building produced by elevation depending upon the

proportion of width, height and position of doors windows and also choice of materials.

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Principle of Planning
▪ Privacy: Sound planning protects privacy of occupants of a building
▪ It is not desirable that a guest or person when he enters into house or drawing room shall see the
happenings in kitchen or bedroom
▪ External Privacy: whole building with reference to surrounding buildings
▪ Internal Privacy: locations of doors shoule be such that privacy is maintained

▪ Sanitation: includes
▪ Lightning
▪ natural Lightening
▪ Assisted Natural Lightening
▪ Artificial Lightening
▪ Ventilation
▪ Cleaniness
▪ Plumbing Services

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Ventilation
▪ Natural Ventilation: supply of fresh air by natural means through windows, doors
or other opening
▪ General Rule
▪ Inlet opening should not as for as possible be obstructed by adjoining building, trees or
other obstructions in the path of airflow
▪ The inlet and outlet openning should have nearly areas at same level to obtaiin greatest
flow per unit
▪ A total area of inlet and outlet opening should be 20-30% of floor area
▪ In case of room with only one wall exposed to outside, two windows shall be provided
▪ for maximum air movement from an opening at a particular plane the still height of that
opening should be 85% of the height of plane.

CE-206: Building, Planning and Estimation

 Ventilation
▪ Mechanical or Artificial Ventilation: when adequate amount of fresh air is not
being supplied by natural means, artificial ventilation is required.
▪ Techniques
▪ Natural supply and mechanical exhaust of air
▪ mechanical supply and natural exhause of air
▪ mechanical supply and mechanical exhaust of air

CE-206: Building, Planning and Estimation

 Size of Rooms

From nahb.org
CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation
 Size of Doors and Windows

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Summary of the Lecture

▪ Introduction to Drawing

▪ Drawing Requirements

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation

 Drawing #2
Objective: A building is proposed to be constructed in one of the residential area of city. The site is of size 18m x 24m of which 18m side faces the
road in the south side. The building is to cover a ground area of 100 sqm, conforming to local building rule, side clearance, and minimum floor
area for different purposes.

Design the building providing the following requirements:

1. Two bed rooms with attached bath
2. One front Verandah
3. One hall cum dining room
4. One Kitchen
5. One Common bath
6. One Common closet
7. Open yard with compound wall

Draw to scale the following

1. Line sketch for the design
2. Plan of the building at sill level
3. Front Elevation
4. Cross-section giving maximum details
5. Site plan to a suitable scale
6. Schedule

CE-206: Building,planning and Estimation