HISTORY

OF
MICROBIOLOG
Y
 Louis Pasteur
-father of microbiology
Pasteurization
- heat-treatment process that destroys
pathogenic microorganisms in certain
foods and beverages.
 Anton van Leeuwenhoek
discovered bacteria “animalcules”
-father of bacteriology
 John Tyndall (1820–1893)
bacteria existed in two forms: heat-stable and
heat-sensitive. Prolonged or intermittent
heating is required to destroy heat-stable forms.
Tyndallization, is a process of intermittent
heating which kills both forms
 Germ Theory
theory that certain diseases are caused by the
invasion of the body by microorganisms,
organisms too small to be seen except
through a microscope.
Joseph Lister (1827–1912)
father of antiseptic surgery
 Koch’s Postulates
1. The organism must be present in the lesions in every case
of the infectious disease.
2. It should be possible to isolate the organism in pure
culture from the lesions.
3. Inoculation of the pure culture into suitable laboratory
animals should produce a similar disease.
4. It should be possible to re-isolate the organism in pure
culture from the lesions produced in experimental animals.
5. Specific antibodies to the organism should be
demonstrable in the serum of the patient suffering from the
disease.
 IMMUNITY & VACCINATION
VARIOLATION
obsolete method of immunizing patients against smallpox by
infecting them with substance from the pustules of patients with
a mild form of the disease (variola minor).

The method was popularized in England in 1721–22 by Lady Mary

Wortley Montagu.
Edward Jenner (1749–1823)
-tested the hypothesis that milkmaids who had been
exposed to cowpox (vaccinia) from their herd never
got infected with the dreaded small pox (variola) by
inoculating them with the fluid from cow pox
pustules.
-discovered smallpox vaccine.
Louis Pasteur
- Rabies vaccine
-Joseph Meister (was bitten by a rabid dog), first
patient to be inoculated with attenuated rabies virus.