Pollutant meter:

pH, turbidity, dissolved metals, and water hardness

Oleh :
Khanna Hadirama (A2L022009)
The pH of the water can show whether the air is polluted or
not how much pollution it is. Natural air pH ranges from 6.5 –
8.5 and this pH range is very suitable for the life of organisms
in the air.

Water pollution can cause the pH of the air to rise or fall. If

many polluted substances are acidic (organic matter), the pH
of the air will be less than 6.5, but if the air is polluted by
alkaline substances (lime), the pH of the air will be greater
than 8.5
how to measure water
pH pollution ?
The tool that can be used
to measure the pH of
water is to use a pH
meter.

For the most part,

operating a pH meter is as
simple as turning it on,
placing it in the sample,
and reading the meter.
However, to get an
accurate reading every
time, several steps must
be followed. First, power
on the meter and give it a
visual inspection; see if it
powers on and if the
display is functioning,
and inspect the probe and
make sure it is in good
shape.
Turbidity of water can be caused by the presence of inorganic
and organic materials contained in the air such as mud and
materials produced by industrial waste.

The higher the solid suspended the higher the turbidity value.
when high turbidity then the oxygen content will be decrease.
This is due to the light intensity the sun's entry into the waters
is very limited so that the phytoplankton cannot carry out the
process photosynthesis to produce oxygen.
• Based on the provisions of the World Health
Organization (WHO), the maximum limit for
the turbidity level of drinking water that meets
the requirements is 5 NTU
Turbidity is also commonly measured with a turbidimeter or
Nephelometer which is based on the principle of scattering of
light with the placement of the detector at an angle of 90
derajat from the light source and what is measured is the
scattering of light by the mix.
• Water hardness is a chemical property of air containing
certain minerals which generally consist of calcium (Ca) and
magnesium (Mg).
• Temporary hard water is hard water that contains carbonate
(CO3-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) ions, which can be removed
by heating the water.
• Permanent hard water is hard water that contains anions
other than bicarbonate ions, for example it can be Cl- and
SO42-, which cannot be removed only by heating.
• Removing hardness from water is carried out by some
methods, namely coagulation, flocculation, lime-soda ash
process and ion exchange.
The simplest method for determining water
hardness is with soap. In soft water, soap will
produce a lot of foam. In hard water, the soap
will not foam or produce a slight lather.