UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

COURSE: Ethics and Integrity in

Education 
February 20, 2023

DR. ESTER C. MAGAAN

Professor

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Introduction to Ethics and Integrity in Education

Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with

questions about morality, the nature of right and
wrong, and how individuals should act in various
situations. It is concerned with determining what is
good or bad, right or wrong, and how people ought to
act.

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There are several ethical theories that

provide different frameworks for
understanding ethical behavior and
decision-making. Some of the most
prominent ethical theories include:

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1.) Consequentialist Ethics: It is a moral philosophy that

judges the rightness or wrongness of an action based on its
consequences.
In other words, it is an ethical system that evaluates the
morality of an action by examining the outcomes it
produces. The central idea behind consequentialist ethics
is that the ends justify the means

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According to consequentialist ethics, an action is morally

right if it produces the greatest amount of good
consequences for the greatest number of people.
Conversely, an action is morally wrong if it leads to more
harm than good. This means that the morality of an action
depends solely on its results, not on any inherent qualities
of the action itself.

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One of the strengths of consequentialist ethics is that it offers

a clear, straightforward criterion for evaluating moral
decisions. However, critics of consequentialism argue that it
can be difficult to predict the long-term consequences of an
action, and that it may be too focused on outcomes at the
expense of other ethical considerations, such as individual
rights or justice.

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2.) Deontological Ethics: This theory holds that the morality

of an action is determined by its inherent nature, rather than
its consequences. Immanuel Kant's theory of ethics is an
example of deontological ethics, which argues that moral
obligations and duties exist independently of their
consequences and that actions should be taken because
they are intrinsically good or moral.

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Deontologists believe that moral rules are absolute and

universally applicable, and they should be followed
regardless of the consequences. In other words, they
believe that some actions are inherently right or wrong,
regardless of the context or consequences. For example,
lying is always considered morally wrong, even if it is
done to save someone's life.

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One of the most well-known deontological philosophers is

Immanuel Kant, who believed that moral rules should be
based on the principle of universalizability. According to
Kant, an action is morally right if it can be universally
applied to everyone without causing any contradiction or
inconsistency. For example, stealing is wrong because if
everyone were to steal, the concept of ownership would
become meaningless.

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Virtue ethics is an approach to ethical philosophy

that emphasizes the development of moral
character and the cultivation of virtuous habits as
the key to ethical living. Virtue ethics dates back to
ancient Greek philosophy, where Aristotle was one
of its most prominent proponents.

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Virtue Ethics: This theory focuses on the

character and habits of the moral actor, rather
than rules or consequences, as the key element
of ethical thinking. It holds that an action is good if
it is an expression of a virtuous character.

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What is the role of ethics in

personal and professional life ?

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The role of ethics in personal and professional life is

critical. Ethics provides a framework for individuals to
make decisions and act in a manner that is consistent
with their values and principles. In personal life, ethics
guides individuals in their relationships with others and
helps them to determine what is right and wrong in
various situations.

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In professional life, ethics helps individuals

to act in accordance with their employer's
code of conduct and industry standards, and
to make decisions that are consistent with
their professional responsibilities and
obligations.

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In conclusion, ethics is an essential part of

personal and professional life as it helps
individuals to determine what is right and wrong
and provides a framework for making moral
decisions and acting in a responsible and
trustworthy manner.

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Defining ethics and integrity

Ethics and integrity are two related but distinct concepts.
 Ethics refers to a set of moral principles that guide individual
behavior and decision-making in a society or organization.
These principles may be based on personal values, cultural
norms, or professional standards. Ethics are often used to
distinguish between right and wrong, and to help individuals
make choices that align with their beliefs and values.

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Integrity refers to the adherence to a strong ethical code,

including honesty and fairness. A person with integrity is
someone who acts in accordance with their principles and
beliefs, and is truthful, trustworthy, and consistent in their
behavior. Integrity is often seen as a cornerstone of good
character, and is an important aspect of an individual's
reputation and credibility.

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Together, ethics and integrity provide a framework for

making moral decisions and acting in a manner that is
responsible and just, even in the face of difficult
circumstances. They help individuals and organizations
to maintain their values and principles, and to build trust
and credibility with others.

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Assignment #2

What are moral standards? How

do they differ from other rules of
life?

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TOPICS:
 The role of ethics and integrity in education
Week 2: Ethical Principles in Education
Overview of ethical principles and codes of conduct for
educators
The impact of cultural, societal, and personal values on
ethical decision-making

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Week 3: Ethical Dilemmas in Education

 Discussion of common ethical dilemmas in education
 Evaluation of various approaches to resolving ethical dilemmas
Week 4: Personal Values and Beliefs in Ethical Decision-Making
 Reflection on personal values and beliefs
 Analysis of the impact of personal values on ethical decision-
making in education

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