National Immunization

Program (NIP)
Legal Basis of the National Immunization Program
The Philippine Immunization Program is mandated and supported by the following laws and policies.

• Presidential Decree (PD) No. 996 (September 16, 1976) provides for compulsory basic immunization for
infants and children below eight years old.
• Presidential Proclamation No. 6, implementing the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), in response
to the United Nation’s goal of universal child immunization by 1990.
• Proclamation No. 46 (September 16, 1992) reaffirmed the Philippines’ commitment to universal goal of
eradicating polio by 2000 through child and mother immunization.
• RA No. 7846 (An Act requiring compulsory immunization against Hepatitis B for infants and children below
eight years old, amending for the purpose Presidential Decree No. 996, December 30, 1994)
• DOH AO No. 39, s. 2003 (April 21, 2003) guided the nationwide implementation of the EPI.
• RA No. 10152 (July 2, 2011) otherwise known as the Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization
Act of 2011 mandated the adoption of a comprehensive, mandatory and sustainable immunization program
against VPDs among all infants and children under the age of five years.
A Brief History of the Immunization Program in the Philippines

“The immunization program was officially launched in 1976.

The BCG vaccine against TB was administered to school
entrants. This was followed by vaccines against poliomyelitis,
diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DPT) and measles.”
Immunization

-Immunization is the process where a person is made immune or resistant to

an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine.

-Vaccines stimulate the body’s own immune system to protect the person
against subsequent infection or disease.

-Immunity refers to protection from disease through the formation of

antibodies
The Benefits of Immunization

• Immunization saves lives, prevents diseases and reduces direct and

indirect health costs.
• Vaccines are cost-effective and are a core component of any preventive
services package.
• Vaccines protect children from VPDs that once were top killers and
disablers worldwide. These include diphtheria, whooping cough,
tuberculosis, small pox, polio and measles.
Consequences of Non-Vaccination

What happens when children are not vaccinated?

• Unvaccinated children can develop diseases resulting in prolonged or long-term disabilities,

affecting their full physical, emotional and social development and wellbeing.

• Sick children are unable to go to school, which can hamper their becoming fully productive
individuals.

• Prolonged treatment and out-of-pocket spending burdens families with medical expenses
and lost time at work. This can eventually lead to a lower quality of life for individuals and
families.
 ROUTE OF IMMUNIZATION
1. Oral Route (Per Oral - PO)
- Commonly oral polio, rota
and oral cholera vaccines are
the licensed-vaccines
administered by the oral
route.
3. Intramuscular Route (IM)
- Vaccines are
administered into the
muscle tissue below the
dermis and the
subcutaneous tissue.
2. Subcutaneous Route (SC)
- Injections are administered into the
fatty tissue underneath the dermis
and above the muscle tissue.
4. Intradermal Route (ID)
- The vaccine is administered in
between the layers of the skin
until a wheal appears.
- This is the route of choice for
only a very limited number of
vaccines such as Bacille Calmette
Guerin (BCG) against
tuberculosis and post exposure
rabies vaccination.
SUMMARY OF ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION,INJECTION SITE AND AND SCHEDULE
Pentavalent
Oral Vaccine
Polio Vaccine and=
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Diphtheria,
Pnuemococcal
Bacillus = = Vaccine
Pertussis,
Conjugate
Calmette-Guérin
Inactivated Polio Vaccine
Measles,
Human
Hepatitis
Tetanus,
and Hep Mumps,
Tetanus
B,
Pneumococcal
Tubercolis (TB) Rubella =
Papillomavirus
BHib
Diphtheria
lead
Polysaccharide
= Polio
Influenza (FLU)
to vaccines
Cervical
vaccine
Meningitis
Vaccine Cancer
= Pnuemonia

EXPLORE 20
min
TEST 10
min

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INFLUENZA VACCINE AND PPV

BAKUNA SAKIT NA MAIIWASAN at para sa anung

edad
PPV Pnuemonia for Senior Citizen
INFLUENZA VACCINE Flu for Senior Citizen

HPV

BAKUNA SAKIT NA MAIIWASAN EDAD NA PEDE IBIGAY

HPV Cervical Cancer 9-10 y.o (babae)
DAGHANG SALAMAT SA PAG
PAMAMINAW!!!