4th Quarter PPT LESSON 4 Science 8

Department of Education
National Capital Region

Division of Taguig City and Pateros
Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City
SCIENCE LINKS 8
Grade Level : Grade 8
Quarter : 1ST Quarter
School Year : 2022– 2023
Teacher : Mr. Joshua Bong A. Bual
OFFICE OF THE ACADEMICS : Curriculum I Instruction I Assessment SCHOOL YEAR: 2022 - 2023
Subject Abstract
Three powerful words that govern everything are force, motion, and energy. Our universe exists because of the interplay
of energy and forces of many types. Different movements result from these interactions. Motion makes creation to
continue thriving and developing.
This quarter comprises five units which provide comprehensive tackling of ideas and concepts. It covers the three laws
that govern motion that extends to the relationships of work, power, and energy. The topics on Light and Sound and
Heat and Electricity will follow. These topics are thoroughly discussed in simple, practical, and easy-to-understand
discussion.
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Content and Performance Standard
The learner demonstrates understanding of Newton’s three laws of motion. Investigate the relationship between the
amount of force applied and the mass of the object to the amount of change in the object’s motion (PART 1)
The students should be able to develop a written plan and implement a “Newton’s Olympics”.

MELC Lesson Topics Duration Week Number
1. Newton’s Law of Motion and

Applications • State the three Newton’s Law of Motion.
Five (5) Days Week One
• Explain how mass is related to inertia
• Newton’s First Law of Motion
• Infer that when a body exerts a force on

another, an equal amount of force is exerted
back on it.
2.1. Newton’s Second Law of Motion • Relate the laws of motion to bodies in uniform
2.2. Newton’s Third Law of Motion motion. Five (5) Days Week Two
• Explain the interaction of the action and
reaction forces.

• Describe how work is related to power and
3. Work, Power, and Energy energy.
• Mechanical Work • Identify and explain the factors that affect Five (5) Days Week Three
• Energy potential and kinetic energy.
• Calculate work and power.
• Explain the hierarchy of colors in relation to
energy of visible light.
• Calculate the frequency of the source and
the observer. Investigate properties of Five (5) Days Week Four
4. Solution, Suspension, and Colloids saturated and unsaturated solutions.
• Investigates the effect of temperature to
speed of sound through fair testing.

• Determine the different temperature scale.
5. Heat and Temperature • Determine the different temperature scale.
• Temperature • Differentiate between heat and temperature at
Five (5) Days Week Three
• Measuring Thermal Energy the molecular level.
• Calculate for the heat absorbed/released during
heat transfer.
 Infer the relationship between current and
6. Electricity voltage.
Five (5) Days Week Four
• Electrical Quantities  Describe the relationship between the three
• Ohm’s Law electrical quantities in terms of Ohm’s law.

Daily Routine
Opening Prayer – Monlimar Prayer
Greetings
Checking of Attendance
Reminders
Review of Past Lessons

SCIENCE LINKS 8
Quarter : 1ST Quarter
OFFICE OF THE ACADEMICS : Curriculum I Instruction I Assessment SCHOOL YEAR: 2022 - 2023
Opening Prayer
Dear Lord, we are gathered in your presence this day to glorify and honor your name.
Please forgive us for our trespasses and wrongdoings. Help us to be more understanding
and concerned with others because this is your will.
Thank you, Lord, for all the blessings that we received.
Please give us an open mind and heart so we can understand thoroughly all the things
that we have discussed in the class.
All these, we pray in your name. Amen

Checking of Attendance

Drill and Review of Previous Lesson
Review of Past Lessons

Motivation:
Essential Questions:
1. Are the smaller pieces of apple still similar to the original apple? Why?
2. Can you still slice these pieces into smaller ones?
3. Is it possible to keep on slicing and dividing these pieces? Why?
4. Is it possible to keep on slicing and dividing these pieces? Why?

Week 4
Atomic Structure
Quarter : 3rd Quarter

Lesson Objectives
• Trace the conception of the atom in the past and how it evolved into the
present view of the atom.
• Describe the different atomic theories and models.
• Explain the modern view of the atom; and
• Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electron.

Overview
• Chemistry has been present Since the ancient times. It is as old as history
itself. One of the early applications that used chemistry was during the
Egyptian civilization. Egyptians had so many artworks that utilized
chemistry, and one of these was in cosmetics wherein they applied “wet”
chemical reactions to produce their makeup.
• The Greeks, on the other hand, started to dig deeper by asking the
fundamental question of “what makes up everything?”
• They tried to explain the changes they commonly see in their surroundings.

Overview
• Around 400 BC, they gave the idea that everything was made up of four
primary substances; Fire, earth, water, and air.
• They also added that matter, when divided further into smaller particles,
will end up with the tiniest indivisible particles.
• The Particle was termed “atomos” by the famous philosophers

Democritus and Leucippus.

Science Loop!
• Let us ponder about the way the greeks thought about what makes
up everything.
• Get a piece of Paper, Rip the paper as much and as hard as you
can. Examine what happened to the paper before and after your rip
the paper. Compare its Initial and Final appearance.
• How many times could you rip the paper? How small would the smallest
pieces be?
• If you rip the paper further, what do you think will happen?
• If you keep on breaking it, what will you get in the end.

Lesson 4.1
Atomic Models and Theories


The Legacy of Presocratic Philosophers
Early Ideas About Matter
Journal Activity:
• Conduct research about Pre-Socratic

Philosophers’ namely: Thales, Anaximenes, and
Heraclitus regarding on their ideas of matter.
• In addition, You may also study ideas of matter

from Aristotle, and Empedocles.

Atomic Models
and Theories
• Dalton’s Modern Atomic Theory

• The Plum pudding Model of the Atom
• Nuclear Model of the Atom
• Bohr’s Planetary Model of the Atom
Figure 1.2
Evolution of Atomic Model Theory

John Dalton’s
Modern Atomic Theory
• Dalton’s atomic theory was a scientific theory on the
nature of matter put forward by the English physicist
and chemist John Dalton in the year 1808.
• It stated that all matter was made up of small,

indivisible particles known as ‘atoms’.
• All substances, according to Dalton’s atomic theory, are

made up of atoms, which are indivisible and
indestructible building units. While an element’s
atoms were all the same size and mass, various
elements possessed atoms of varying sizes and masses.
John Dalton an English chemist, meteorologist and physicist, began a series of
experiments which would culminate in him proposing the theory of atomic compositions
– which thereafter would be known as Dalton’s Atomic Theory – that would become one
of the cornerstones of modern physics and chemistry.

Postulates of Dalton’s
Atomic Theory
• Everything is made up of small indivisible and indestructible particles
called atoms.
• Atoms of the same element are always identical. Different elements are
different from any other element in their properties.
• When atoms of different elements combine they form chemical

compounds of a definite proportion.
Figure 1.3
• Atoms do not change. They cannot be created and cannot be destroyed In Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are like very
tiny spheres that are indivisible and
during a chemical change. indestructible

Essential Question
What are the shortcomings of Dalton’s atomic theory?

Electron and the Plum Pudding
Model on the Atom
• The original model of an atom, based on the discovery of

the electron, was proposed by J. J. Thomson in 1904 and
is known as the Plum pudding model or the Thomson
model of the atom.
• According to the plum pudding model, an atom consists

of a sphere of positive matter within which
electrostatic forces determine the positioning of the
negatively charged corpuscles. This fact explains the
overall neutral charge of the atom.
Thomson received the Nobel Prize for his work in Physics in 1906 and was knighted in
1908. The studies of nuclear organisation that continue even to this day and the further
identification of elementary particles have all followed the accomplishments of
Thomson and his discovery in 1897.

Essential Question
What was the idea of the Plum pudding theory model of the
atom that disproved the initial idea of Dalton’s Atomic
model theory?

Cathode Ray Tube Experiment
• Thomson, a highly respected theoretical physics professor

at Cambridge University, undertook a series of
experiments designed to study the nature of electric
discharge in a high-vacuum cathode-ray tube – he was
attempting to solve a long-standing controversy regarding
the nature of cathode rays, which occur when an electric
current is driven through a vessel from which most of the
air or other gas has been pumped out.
Thomson received the Nobel Prize for his work in Physics in 1906 and was knighted in
1908. The studies of nuclear organisation that continue even to this day and the further
identification of elementary particles have all followed the accomplishments of
Thomson and his discovery in 1897.

Cathode Ray Tube
Experiment
• Inside this tube is a vacuum where

electrons are moving from the
negative electrode to the positive
electrode.
• When they turned on the voltage

source on the electrodes of the tube,
radiation called the cathode rays is
generated.

Today’s Periodic Table
• In the early twentieth century, the English physicist
Henry Moseley, before age 27, realized that
Mendeleev's table could be improved by arranging the
elements according to atomic number rather than
atomic mass.
• Moseley revised the periodic table by arranging the

elements in order of increasing number of protons in
the nucleus. With Moseley's table, it was clear how
many elements still were undiscovered.
Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (/ˈmoʊzli/; 23 November 1887 – 10 August

1915) was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics
was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical
concept of the atomic number.

Zones of the
Periodic Table
• The periodic table can be divided into
sections, as you can see in Figure 2. One
section consists of the first two groups,
Groups 1 and 2, and the elements in Groups
13-18.
• These eight groups are representative

elements. They include metals, metalloids,
and nonmetals.
• The elements in Groups 3-12 are transition

elements. Figure 2 The periodic table is divided into sections. Traditionally, the
lanthanides and actinides are placed below the table so that the table will not
be as wide. These elements have similar properties.

Classification of Elements
Metals Non-metals Metalloids

• A metal is an element that has • Nonmetals are usually gases or brittle • a metalloid is an element that
luster, is a good conductor of heat solids at room temperature and poor shares some properties with
and electricity, is malleable, and is conductors of heat and electricity. metals and some with nonmetals.
ductile.
• There are only 17 nonmetals, but they • These elements also are called
• The ability to reflect light is a include many elements that are essential semimetals.
property of metals called luster. for life-carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen,
phosphorus, and iodine.

Classification
of Elements

Origins of the Chemical Names and Symbols
Modern Name Original name Element symbol
antimony stibium Sb
copper cuprum Cu
gold aurum Au
iron ferrum Fe
lead plumbum Pb
mercury hydrargyrum Hg
potassium kalium Na
silver argentum Ag
sodium natriium Na
tin stannun Sn
tungsten wolfram W

Origins of the Chemical Names and Symbols
Original name Meaning
argon argos inactive or inert
bromine bromos stink
chromium khroma color
helium helios sun
Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev chemist who published the
mendelevium
periodic table
platinum platina little silver color
technetium teknetos artificial

STEAM
CONNECTIONS
• Last November 28, 2016, the International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
(IUPAC), a global organization that
authorized the creation and regulation of a
common language for the global chemistry
community, announced the official names
of four new elements that completed the 7th
row of the periodic table of elements that
were added last 2015.
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has proposed
names for the elements with atomic number 113, 115, 117 and 118 as nihonium,
moscovium, tennessine and oganesson respectively.

Essential Questions:
1. Observe and describe the provided pictures above, what do you think are the commonalities of these products from
each other?
2. Why packaging in products are very important? What makes it even more useful for consumers in purchasing products?

Week 5
Arrangement of Elements


Lesson Objectives
• Identify the symbols of the elements
• Locate the atomic number and mass number of elements
• Give the period and group number of the elements
• Explain the significance of the four blocks in the periodic table.
• Write the electron configuration using the arrangement in the periodic
table.

Zones of the
Periodic Table
• The periodic table can be divided into
sections, as you can see in Figure 2. One
section consists of the first two groups,
Groups 1 and 2, and the elements in Groups
13-18.
• These eight groups are representative

elements. They include metals, metalloids,
and nonmetals.
• The elements in Groups 3-12 are transition

elements. Figure 2 The periodic table is divided into sections. Traditionally, the
lanthanides and actinides are placed below the table so that the table will not
be as wide. These elements have similar properties.

Anatomy of an Element
Element Symbol
An element symbol is a one- or two-
letter abbreviation for a chemical
element name. When a symbol consists
of two letters, the first letter is always
capitalized, while the second letter is
lowercase.
Atomic Number
The atomic number is the number of
protons in the nucleus of an atom. The
number of protons defines the identity of
an element (i.e., an element with 6
protons is a carbon atom, no matter how
many neutrons may be present)
School Year: 2022 - 2023

Anatomy of an Element
Element Name
Chemical elements may be named from
various sources: sometimes based on the
person who discovered it, or the place it
was discovered. Some have Latin or
Greek roots deriving from something
related to the element, for example some
use to which it may have been put.
Atomic Mass
The atomic mass values are the average
masses of all isotopes of the element
with the consideration of its percentage
abundance in nature.

Families in
the Periodic
Table of
Elements
Families/Groups
On the periodic table, there are
families which are groups of
elements with similar properties.
These families are alkali metals,
alkaline earth metals,
transition metals, post-
transition metals, metalloids,
halogens, noble metals, and
noble gases.

Periods in the
Periodic Table of
Elements
Periods
The horizontal
groupings of the
elements in rows are
called periods.
The period number

gives the value of the
energy level of the
valence orbitals of the
atoms.

Blocks
As elements are grouped in
columns and rows, they are
also grouped in four blocks.
The four blocks in the

periodic table are the s-, p-,
d-, and f- blocks.
S – Sharp
P – Principal
d – diffuse
f – fundamental

Let’s Try this one!
Condensed Elecrtron
Element Electron Configuration
Configuration
Oxygen 1s22s22p4 [He] 2s² 2p⁴
Sodium 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 [Ne] 3s¹
Vanadium 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3 [Ar] 3d³ 4s²

Check your Understanding
Directions: In your science journal, Open your book to page 271 and answer the What
to do section. Complete the following information using the electron configuration
method.

End of Lesson
Next Lesson:
Arrangement of Elements
Atomic Models and Theories
Thank You! Be Happy!
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL English School Year: 2022 - 2023

Developing Mastery : Enrichment Activity
Multiple Choice Test

a. Directions: Read and analyse the questions carefully before answering. Select the
letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

Question No.1
1. The property of an object at rest to remain at rest is known as

a. Inertness
b. Inertia
c. Resistance
d. sluggishness
B. Inertia

Question No.2
Which of the following is the natural tendency of objects to resist motion?
a. Inertia
b. Friction
c. Mass
d. Weight
B. Friction

Question No.3
Which of the following changes when an unbalanced force acts on an object?
a. Inertia
b. Friction
c. Mass
d. Weight
B. Inertia

Question No.4
What is the First Law of Motion?
a. The rate at which velocity changes. The state in which one object`s distance from another is
changing.
b. The overall force on an object when all the individual forces acting on an object are added
together.
c. An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by an
unbalanced force.
d. Equal forces acting on an object in opposite direction.
C. An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion

unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

Question No. 5
What is the Difference between Mass and Weight?
Mass is the amount of matter present in a body while weight is a measure

of how strongly gravity pulls on that matter.

Applying Concepts and Skills in Daily Living:
Self - Reflection
If forces always come in pairs, why don’t they cancel each

other?
You might think that because action-reaction forces are equal and opposite that they cancel.
However, action and reaction force pairs don't cancel because they act on different objects. Forces
can cancel only if they act on the same object.

Making Generalizations and Abstractions:
Let’s Recap
1. Define Inertia and Cite Some examples that shows and explain concept
and application of Inertia.
2. What are the two types of inertia?
3. What is the difference between mass and weight?

Evaluating Learning: Written Work No.1
Newton’s First Law of Motion (Law of Inertia)
Directions:
Proceed to your Google Classroom Portal. Guidelines and mechanics for this
Written Work will be posted.
Google Classroom Class Code:
etygq7y

Evaluating Learning
Guidelines and Rubric

Assignment
Scientists and their Contributions

Directions: On Your Science Journal. Complete the diagram below. Write their contributions to Science and
Technology.

Closing Prayer
Dear Lord, we are gathered in your presence this day to glorify and honor your name.
Please forgive us for our trespasses and wrongdoings. Help us to be more understanding
and concerned with others because this is your will.
Thank you, Lord, for all the blessings that we received.
Please give us an open mind and heart so we can understand thoroughly all the things
that we have discussed in the class.
All these, we pray in your name. Amen

End of Lesson
Introduction to Science and Technology
Thank You! Be Happy!
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL English School Year: 2022 - 2023

4th Quarter PPT LESSON 4 Science 8

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Department of Education

National Capital Region

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

1. Newton’s Law of Motion and

• Infer that when a body exerts a force on

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Thank you, Lord, for all the blessings that we received.

All these, we pray in your name. Amen

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Review of Past Lessons

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• The Particle was termed “atomos” by the famous philosophers

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Atomic Models and Theories

Grade Level : Grade 8

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Early Ideas About Matter

• Conduct research about Pre-Socratic

• In addition, You may also study ideas of matter

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Dalton’s Modern Atomic Theory

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• It stated that all matter was made up of small,

• All substances, according to Dalton’s atomic theory, are

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• When atoms of different elements combine they form chemical

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• The original model of an atom, based on the discovery of

• According to the plum pudding model, an atom consists

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Thomson, a highly respected theoretical physics professor

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Inside this tube is a vacuum where

• When they turned on the voltage

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Moseley revised the periodic table by arranging the

Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (/ˈmoʊzli/; 23 November 1887 – 10 August

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• These eight groups are representative

• The elements in Groups 3-12 are transition

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Metals Non-metals Metalloids

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Grade Level : Grade 8

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• These eight groups are representative