LESSON 1 Science 8

Department of Education
National Capital Region

Division of Taguig City and Pateros
Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City
SCIENCE LINKS 8
Grade Level : Grade 8
Quarter : 1ST Quarter
School Year : 2022– 2023
Teacher : Mr. Joshua Bong A. Bual
OFFICE OF THE ACADEMICS : Curriculum I Instruction I Assessment SCHOOL YEAR: 2022 - 2023
Subject Abstract
Three powerful words that govern everything are force, motion, and energy. Our universe exists because
of the interplay of energy and forces of many types. Different movements result from these interactions.
Motion makes creation to continue thriving and developing.
This quarter comprises five units which provide comprehensive tackling of ideas and concepts. It covers
the three laws that govern motion that extends to the relationships of work, power, and energy. The topics
on Light and Sound and Heat and Electricity will follow. These topics are thoroughly discussed in simple,
practical, and easy-to-understand discussion.
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Content and Performance Standard
The learner demonstrates understanding of Newton’s three laws of motion. Investigate the relationship between the
amount of force applied and the mass of the object to the amount of change in the object’s motion (PART 1)
The students should be able to develop a written plan and implement a “Newton’s Olympics”.

MELC Lesson Topics Duration Week Number
1. Newton’s Law of Motion and

Applications • State the three Newton’s Law of Motion.
Five (5) Days Week One
• Explain how mass is related to inertia
• Newton’s First Law of Motion
• Infer that when a body exerts a force on

another, an equal amount of force is exerted
back on it.
2.1. Newton’s Second Law of Motion • Relate the laws of motion to bodies in uniform
2.2. Newton’s Third Law of Motion motion. Five (5) Days Week Two
• Explain the interaction of the action and
reaction forces.

• Describe how work is related to power and
3. Work, Power, and Energy energy.
• Mechanical Work • Identify and explain the factors that affect Five (5) Days Week Three
• Energy potential and kinetic energy.
• Calculate work and power.
• Explain the hierarchy of colors in relation to
energy of visible light.
• Calculate the frequency of the source and
the observer. Investigate properties of Five (5) Days Week Four
4. Solution, Suspension, and Colloids saturated and unsaturated solutions.
• Investigates the effect of temperature to
speed of sound through fair testing.

• Determine the different temperature scale.
5. Heat and Temperature • Determine the different temperature scale.
• Temperature • Differentiate between heat and temperature at
Five (5) Days Week Three
• Measuring Thermal Energy the molecular level.
• Calculate for the heat absorbed/released during
heat transfer.
 Infer the relationship between current and
6. Electricity voltage.
Five (5) Days Week Four
• Electrical Quantities  Describe the relationship between the three
• Ohm’s Law electrical quantities in terms of Ohm’s law.

Daily Routine
Opening Prayer – Monlimar Prayer
Greetings
Checking of Attendance
Reminders
Review of Past Lessons

SCIENCE LINKS 8
Quarter : 1ST Quarter
OFFICE OF THE ACADEMICS : Curriculum I Instruction I Assessment SCHOOL YEAR: 2022 - 2023
Opening Prayer
Dear Lord, we are gathered in your presence this day to glorify and honor your name.
Please forgive us for our trespasses and wrongdoings. Help us to be more understanding
and concerned with others because this is your will.
Thank you, Lord, for all the blessings that we received.
Please give us an open mind and heart so we can understand thoroughly all the things
that we have discussed in the class.
All these, we pray in your name. Amen

Checking of Attendance

Drill and Review of Previous Lesson
Review of Past Lessons
No Past Lesson

Motivation:
Essential Questions:
1. Who inspires you to engage in activities every day?
2. Who do you wake up each morning?
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEOyI6QtjkE
“Babangon Tayo with NESCAFÉ |NESCAFÉ Philippines”

Week 3
The Periodic Table of
Elements
Quarter : 3rd Quarter

Lesson Objectives
• Trace the development of the periodic table from observations based on
similarities in properties of elements.
• Use the periodic table to predict the chemical behavior of an element
• Perform the project-based learning task related to the Periodic Table of
Elements.

Overview
In every chemistry laboratory room and classroom, one common chart that is
frequently hung on the wall is the periodic table of elements.
It shows all the elements that are known to exist that makeup matter.
The information that we can get from the periodic table is very useful in
chemistry.

Development of
Periodic Table of Elements
• Early civilizations were familiar with a few of the
substances now called elements.
• They made coins and jewelry from gold and silver.
• They also made tools and weapons from copper, tin,

and iron. In the nineteenth century, chemists began to
search for new elements.
• By 1830, they had isolated and named 55 different ele

ments. The list continues to grow today.

Mendeleev’s
Table of Elements
• A Russian chemist, Dmitri Mendeleev,
published the first version of his periodic table in
the Journal of the Russian Chemical Society in
1869.
• His table is shown in Figure 1. When Mendeleev

arranged the elements in order of increasing
atomic mass, he began to see a pattern.
• Elements with similar properties fell into groups

on the table.
Figure 1. Mendeleev published his first periodic table in 1869. This postage
stamp, with his table and photo, was issued in 1969 to commemorate the
event. Notice the question marks that he used to mark his prediction of yet-
undiscovered elements.

Mendeleev’s
Table of Elements Cont…
• At that time, not all the elements were known. To
make his table work, Mendeleev had to leave three
gaps for missing elements.
• Based on the groupings in his table, he predicted the

properties of the missing elements.
• Mendeleev's predictions spurred other chemists to

look for the missing elements. Within 15 years, all
three elements-gallium, scandium, and germanium-
were discovered.
Photo Source:
https://www.ilnuovosaggiatore.sif.it/article/241

Moseley's Contribution
• In the early twentieth century, the English physicist
Henry Moseley, before age 27, realized that
Mendeleev's table could be improved by arranging the
elements according to atomic number rather than
atomic mass.
• Moseley revised the periodic table by arranging the

elements in order of increasing number of protons in
the nucleus. With Moseley's table, it was clear how
many elements still were undiscovered.
Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (/ˈmoʊzli/; 23 November 1887 – 10 August

1915) was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics
was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical
concept of the atomic number.

Today’s Periodic Table
• In the early twentieth century, the English physicist
Henry Moseley, before age 27, realized that
Mendeleev's table could be improved by arranging the
elements according to atomic number rather than
atomic mass.
• Moseley revised the periodic table by arranging the

elements in order of increasing number of protons in
the nucleus. With Moseley's table, it was clear how
many elements still were undiscovered.
Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (/ˈmoʊzli/; 23 November 1887 – 10 August

1915) was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics
was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical
concept of the atomic number.

• In a general course in physics is that force is a push or
pull exerted upon a body. But more scientific concept
of force is obtained when we consider the effect of that
push or pull.
• Force is a push or pull exerted by one body on

another body; the effect of which is to tend to change
or change the state of motion of the body on which its
acts. A force is a vector quantity. It has magnitude as
well as direction.
• The SI unit of force is Newton, represented by a capital

letter “N”. A force of one newton is the force that gives
a one-kilogram mass an acceleration of 1m/s².

• From Galileo’s initial idea, Isaac Newton developed
the concept of inertia and made it his first law of
motion. When objects tend to oppose the changes
imposed to it, inertia is at play.
• The law of inertia states that an object at rest

remains at rest and an object in constant motion
remains to be in that state of motion unless acted
upon by an external force.
• It means that an object continues to be at rest if it

was at rest and moving if no unbalanced forces are
acting on it. The property of objects when it opposes
changes in motion is called inertia.

Consider the following situations in which the net force acting on the object is zero.
1. If an object is not moving, its speed and direction are zero. It means that all forces
acting on it are balanced; hence, net for becomes zero.
2. An object that is moving at constant velocity has the same speed and is heading in the
same direction; therefore, acceleration is zero. This also means that the forces acting
on this object are balanced; therefore, the net force is zero.
In the law of inertia, objects do not accelerate on their own; instead, a net external force
has to be imposed on them to oppose the tendency of resistance so that the objects will
accelerate on their own; instead, a net external force has to be imposed on them to oppose
the tendency of resistance so that the objects will accelerate.

Mass as a Measure of Inertia
Inertia is a property that is possessed by any material so
long as it has mass. The more massive the object is, the
more inertia there is. If an object has great mass, it has a
great tendency to resist the changes imposed to it.
One example is comparing a truck and a car that is

moving at the same velocity. If these vehicles either
change their speed or direction, you will see that they
exhibit more inertia in the effort expended to change
their speed and/or direction. It is hard to speed up or
slow down a more massive object.

Mass vs Weight
Mass and weight are commonly interchangeable quantities.
The composition of the material and the associated aspects.
Mass is the amount of matter an object contains. The

composition of the material and the associated amount of this
composition defines the quantity of mass an object has.
Weight is the force acting on the matter when acted upon by

the force of gravity.

On Earth, mass and weight are directly proportional to each
other. If the mass is high, its weight is also big. If the mass is
halved, the weight is also halved.
However, this does not mean that the two are the same. Mass
is the fundamental quantity that measures the amount of
matter. When the gravitational pull of Earth, for instance,
acts on the object that has mass, then the combined quantity
is called weight.
Weight is the product of mass and acceleration due to gravity.

SI Unit of Weight
The common unit used for the measurement of the amount of matter is kilograms. Acceleration that
is because of gravity at sea level has a value and a unit of 9.8 m/s². When the two quantities are
multiplied, the combined unit becomes kg m/s² or collectively known as a Newton (N) unit. The
following table summarizes this:

If the pull of gravity changes, its weight also changes,
but the mass of the same object does not.
Example:
The gravity on the moon is only 1/6 as strong as on
Earth. If a person has a mass of 50 kg, how much will
he weigh on Earth and the moon? Will the mass of the
person change when it goes to the moon?
Therefore, the person weighs more if he is on Earth than on the moon. Only the weighs of the
person changes, not the mass.
Mass remains to be constant for any material, but its weight may change depending on the pull of
gravity that acts on it.

First Law of Motion
Newton’s first law of motion states that an object at rest will remain at rest or an object in
motion will continue to move with constant velocity unless acted upon by a nonzero net
external force
Remember:
• Inertia is the property of a body that tends to resist a change in its state of motion.
• Mass is a measure of inertia.
• The greater the mass of the body, the greater is its inertia. The greater the inertia, the
harder it is to change the state of motion of that body.
• Newton’s first law of motion states that “an object when at rest will remain at rest or
when in motion will continue to move with constant velocity unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force.”

Types of Law of Inertia
The first part of Newton’s first law concerns objects at rest. An object at rest will remain at
rest unless acted upon by an external force. You are all familiar with the fact that nothing in
nature will start by itself.
A. Object at Rest
The first part of Newton’s first law concerns objects at rest. An object at rest will remain at
rest unless acted upon by an external force. You are all familiar with the fact that nothing in
nature will start by itself.
Here are some examples of objects at rest:
1. A stalled car must be pushed to start its motion.

2. A ball stays in plays until you kick it.
3. Trees stay in place unless carried by force of water during floods.

Types of Law of Inertia
A. Object at Rest
The first part of Newton’s first law concerns objects at rest. An object at
rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force. You are all
familiar with the fact that nothing in nature will start by itself.
Here are some examples of objects at rest:
1. A stalled car must be pushed to start its motion.

2. A ball stays in plays until you kick it.
3. Trees stay in place unless carried by force of water during floods.

B. Objects in Uniform Motion
The second part of Newton’s first law concerns a state of

uniform motion. An object in uniform motion will remain
in uniform motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced
external force.
A person moves with the same velocity as the vehicle while inside it. When the
brakes are suddenly applied, he experiences being thrown forward. The
breaking force changes the state of motion of the vehicle from motion to rest.
But this force is not acting on him. Hence, he continues to move forward with
the same velocity until a force stops him. When the vehicle makes a sudden
turn, the passenger continues to move in a straight line until a force pushes
him to accelerate towards the center of the turn. This force can come from the
side door or from another passenger beside him. Without it, the passenger
would slide out of the car.

Developing Mastery : Enrichment Activity
Multiple Choice Test

a. Directions: Read and analyse the questions carefully before answering. Select the
letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

Question No.1
1. The property of an object at rest to remain at rest is known as

a. Inertness
b. Inertia
c. Resistance
d. sluggishness
B. Inertia

Question No.2
Which of the following is the natural tendency of objects to resist motion?
a. Inertia
b. Friction
c. Mass
d. Weight
B. Friction

Question No.3
Which of the following changes when an unbalanced force acts on an object?
a. Inertia
b. Friction
c. Mass
d. Weight
B. Inertia

Question No.4
What is the First Law of Motion?
a. The rate at which velocity changes. The state in which one object`s distance from another is
changing.
b. The overall force on an object when all the individual forces acting on an object are added
together.
c. An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by an
unbalanced force.
d. Equal forces acting on an object in opposite direction.
C. An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion

unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

Question No. 5
What is the Difference between Mass and Weight?
Mass is the amount of matter present in a body while weight is a measure

of how strongly gravity pulls on that matter.

Applying Concepts and Skills in Daily Living:
Self - Reflection
If forces always come in pairs, why don’t they cancel each

other?
You might think that because action-reaction forces are equal and opposite that they cancel.
However, action and reaction force pairs don't cancel because they act on different objects. Forces
can cancel only if they act on the same object.

Making Generalizations and Abstractions:
Let’s Recap
1. Define Inertia and Cite Some examples that shows and explain concept
and application of Inertia.
2. What are the two types of inertia?
3. What is the difference between mass and weight?

Evaluating Learning: Written Work No.1
Newton’s First Law of Motion (Law of Inertia)
Directions:
Proceed to your Google Classroom Portal. Guidelines and mechanics for this
Written Work will be posted.
Google Classroom Class Code:
etygq7y

Evaluating Learning
Guidelines and Rubric

Assignment
Scientists and their Contributions

Directions: On Your Science Journal. Complete the diagram below. Write their contributions to Science and
Technology.

Closing Prayer
Dear Lord, we are gathered in your presence this day to glorify and honor your name.
Please forgive us for our trespasses and wrongdoings. Help us to be more understanding
and concerned with others because this is your will.
Thank you, Lord, for all the blessings that we received.
Please give us an open mind and heart so we can understand thoroughly all the things
that we have discussed in the class.
All these, we pray in your name. Amen

End of Lesson
Introduction to Science and Technology
Thank You! Be Happy!
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL English School Year: 2022 - 2023

LESSON 1 Science 8

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Department of Education

National Capital Region

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

1. Newton’s Law of Motion and

• Infer that when a body exerts a force on

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Thank you, Lord, for all the blessings that we received.

All these, we pray in your name. Amen

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Review of Past Lessons

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• They made coins and jewelry from gold and silver.

• They also made tools and weapons from copper, tin,

• By 1830, they had isolated and named 55 different ele­

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• His table is shown in Figure 1. When Mendeleev

• Elements with similar properties fell into groups

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Based on the groupings in his table, he predicted the

• Mendeleev's predictions spurred other chemists to

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Moseley revised the periodic table by arranging the

Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (/ˈmoʊzli/; 23 November 1887 – 10 August

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Moseley revised the periodic table by arranging the

Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (/ˈmoʊzli/; 23 November 1887 – 10 August

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• Force is a push or pull exerted by one body on

• The SI unit of force is Newton, represented by a capital

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

• The law of inertia states that an object at rest

• It means that an object continues to be at rest if it

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

One example is comparing a truck and a car that is

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Mass is the amount of matter an object contains. The

Weight is the force acting on the matter when acted upon by

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Weight is the product of mass and acceleration due to gravity.

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Here are some examples of objects at rest:

1. A stalled car must be pushed to start its motion.

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Here are some examples of objects at rest:

1. A stalled car must be pushed to start its motion.

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

The second part of Newton’s first law concerns a state of

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE School Year: 2022 - 2023

Multiple Choice Test

• By 1830, they had isolated and named 55 different ele