(AXIOMS)

Properties
of
Equality
AXIOM
 AXIOM
is a mathematical statement that is accepted to
be true without any proof.
 AXIOM
is a mathematical statement that is accepted to
be true without any proof.
POSTULATE - geometry
 AXIOM
is a mathematical statement that is accepted to
be true without any proof.
POSTULATE - geometry
AXIOM – other sections of Mathematics
Properties
of
Equality
Properties of Equality

allow you to balance,

manipulate and solve
equations
Properties of Equality
Reflexive Property of Equality
For any real number a,
a=a
Any number or expression is equal to itself.
6=6 5b = 5b
b=b female = female
10 = 10 a(x + y) = a(x + y)
Properties of Equality
Symmetric Property of Equality
For real numbers The numbers or
a and b, expressions can be
if a = b then b = a. interchanged.
If x = 6, then 6 = x
3x = 6, 6 = 3x
3x + 5 = 8, 8 = 3x + 5
Properties of Equality
Transitive Property of Equality

if a = b, and b = c, then a = c.
If 3 + 2 = 5, and 5 = 4 + 1,
then 3+2 = 4 + 1

If x + 4 = y – 7, and y – 7 = 9,
then x + 4 = 9
Properties of Equality
Addition Property of Equality
Adding the same number to both sides of the
equation does not change the equality of the
equation.
1.) If 5 = 3 + 2, then 5 + ___
4 = 3 + 2 + ___.
4
(- (-
2.) If x + 8 = -7, then x + 8 + ___
8) = -7 + ___
8) .
3.) If 3x – 2 = 10, then 3x – 2 + ___ 2.
2 = 10 + ___
Properties of Equality
Subtraction Property of Equality
Subtracting the same number to both sides of
the equation does not change the equality of
the equation.
1.) If 5 = 3 + 2, then 5 – ___
4 = 3 + 2 – ___.
4
2.) If x + 8 = -7, then x + 8 – ___
8 = -7 – ___
8 .

3.) If 3x + 2 = 10, then 3x + 2 – ___ 2.

2 = 10 – ___
Properties of Equality
Multiplication Property of Equality
Multiplying the same number to both sides of
the equation does not change the equality of
the equation.
1.) If 5 = 3 + 2, then 5 ( ___
4 ) = 3 + 2 ( ___
4 ).
𝟏 𝟏
2.) If 2x = 6, then 2x ( ___
𝟐 )=6( ___
𝟐 ).
3.) If = 6, then . ( ___ )4= 6 ( ___ )4
Properties of Equality
Division Property of Equality
Dividing the same number to both sides of the equation,
other than 0, does not change the equality of the
equation.
1.) 3b = 21 2.) 4x = 16

3b = 21 4x = 16
3 3 4 4
Properties of Equality
Substitution Property of Equality

If a = b, then b may be substituted for a in any

expression containing a.
1.) If x = 5, then 2.) If 9x – 5 = 3x + 7 and
y=x+6 x=2

y = x5 + 6 (2
9x – 5 = 3x + 7
(2
) )
 Name the Property of Equality illustrated in each
statement.
Addition Property of
1.) If x – 3 = 5, then x – 3 + 3 = 5 + 3. Equality

Multiplication
2.) If 2x = –6, then 2x = –6 . Property of Equality

Symmetric Property of Equality

3.) If x = 7, then 7 = x.
Transitive Property of
4.) If x = 2 and 2 = y, then x = y. Equality

Addition Property of
5.) If 5x – 3 = 9, then 5x = 12. Equality
 Reflexive Property of
6.) 3x = 3x Equality

7.)

x = 12Multiplication
Property
12 = x Symmetric
Property
 8.)

2x = 10 SubtractionProperty
x = 5 DivisionProperty

If x = 5, then 2(5) + 5 = 15Substitution

Property
 STATEMENTS REASON
1. 7x – 2 = 4x + 13 GIVEN
2. 7x – 2 + 2 = 4x + 13 + 2 ADDITION PROPERTY
7x = 4x + 15 OF EQUALITY

3. 7x – 4x = 4x – 4x + 15 SUBTRACTION
3x = 15 PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
4. 3x = 15
3 3 DIVISION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
x=5
 STATEMENTS REASON
1. -7x + 22 = 50 GIVEN
2. -7x = 28 SUBTRACTION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
3. x = -4 DIVISION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
ON YOUR OWN
Name the property illustrated by each statement
Reflexive P. E.
1. 2x = 2x
Symmetric P. E.
Transitive P. E. 2. x = 8, 8 = y, x = y
Addition P. E.
Subtraction P. E. 3. 8x + 12 – 12 = 28 – 12
Multiplication P. E.
4. x = 13 , 13 = x
Division P. E.
Substitution P. E. 5. 76 + 15 = 7x – 15 + 15
 ON YOUR OWN
 ADDITION PROPERTY
STATEMENTS REASON OF EQUALITY
1. -3 – = 4  DIVISION PROPERTY OF
2. –=7 EQUALITY

3. – = 42  GIVEN

 MULTIPLICATION
4. x = -7 PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
 ON YOUR OWN
 SUBTRACTION
STATEMENTS REASON PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
1. 82 = 5 + 7x
2. 77 = 7x  DIVISION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
3. 11 = x
 GIVEN

4. x = 11  SYMMETRIC PROPERTY
OF EQUALITY