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Understanding Properties of Equality

This document discusses properties of equality in mathematics. It defines an axiom as a statement accepted as true without proof, such as those used in geometry and other areas of math. It then explains several properties of equality: reflexive, symmetric, transitive, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and substitution. Examples are provided to illustrate how each property is used to manipulate and solve equations while maintaining equality.

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Carmina Cunanan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • manipulation of equations,
  • mathematical applications,
  • equation solving techniques,
  • algebra,
  • proof techniques,
  • properties of equality,
  • mathematical proofs,
  • reflexive property,
  • mathematical structures,
  • mathematical frameworks
305 views26 pages

Understanding Properties of Equality

This document discusses properties of equality in mathematics. It defines an axiom as a statement accepted as true without proof, such as those used in geometry and other areas of math. It then explains several properties of equality: reflexive, symmetric, transitive, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and substitution. Examples are provided to illustrate how each property is used to manipulate and solve equations while maintaining equality.

Uploaded by

Carmina Cunanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • manipulation of equations,
  • mathematical applications,
  • equation solving techniques,
  • algebra,
  • proof techniques,
  • properties of equality,
  • mathematical proofs,
  • reflexive property,
  • mathematical structures,
  • mathematical frameworks
  • Introduction
  • Introduction to Axioms
  • Properties of Equality
  • Practice Problems

(AXIOMS)

Properties
of
Equality
AXIOM
AXIOM
is a mathematical statement that is accepted to
be true without any proof.
AXIOM
is a mathematical statement that is accepted to
be true without any proof.
POSTULATE - geometry
AXIOM
is a mathematical statement that is accepted to
be true without any proof.
POSTULATE - geometry
AXIOM – other sections of Mathematics
Properties
of
Equality
Properties of Equality

allow you to balance,


manipulate and solve
equations
Properties of Equality
Reflexive Property of Equality
For any real number a,
a=a
Any number or expression is equal to itself.
6=6 5b = 5b
b=b female = female
10 = 10 a(x + y) = a(x + y)
Properties of Equality
Symmetric Property of Equality
For real numbers The numbers or
a and b, expressions can be
if a = b then b = a. interchanged.
If x = 6, then 6 = x
3x = 6, 6 = 3x
3x + 5 = 8, 8 = 3x + 5
Properties of Equality
Transitive Property of Equality

if a = b, and b = c, then a = c.
If 3 + 2 = 5, and 5 = 4 + 1,
then 3+2 = 4 + 1

If x + 4 = y – 7, and y – 7 = 9,
then x + 4 = 9
Properties of Equality
Addition Property of Equality
Adding the same number to both sides of the
equation does not change the equality of the
equation.
1.) If 5 = 3 + 2, then 5 + ___
4 = 3 + 2 + ___.
4
(- (-
2.) If x + 8 = -7, then x + 8 + ___
8) = -7 + ___
8) .
3.) If 3x – 2 = 10, then 3x – 2 + ___ 2.
2 = 10 + ___
Properties of Equality
Subtraction Property of Equality
Subtracting the same number to both sides of
the equation does not change the equality of
the equation.
1.) If 5 = 3 + 2, then 5 – ___
4 = 3 + 2 – ___.
4
2.) If x + 8 = -7, then x + 8 – ___
8 = -7 – ___
8 .

3.) If 3x + 2 = 10, then 3x + 2 – ___ 2.


2 = 10 – ___
Properties of Equality
Multiplication Property of Equality
Multiplying the same number to both sides of
the equation does not change the equality of
the equation.
1.) If 5 = 3 + 2, then 5 ( ___
4 ) = 3 + 2 ( ___
4 ).
𝟏 𝟏
2.) If 2x = 6, then 2x ( ___
𝟐 )=6( ___
𝟐 ).
3.) If = 6, then . ( ___ )4= 6 ( ___ )4
Properties of Equality
Division Property of Equality
Dividing the same number to both sides of the equation,
other than 0, does not change the equality of the
equation.
1.) 3b = 21 2.) 4x = 16

3b = 21 4x = 16
3 3 4 4
Properties of Equality
Substitution Property of Equality

If a = b, then b may be substituted for a in any


expression containing a.
1.) If x = 5, then 2.) If 9x – 5 = 3x + 7 and
y=x+6 x=2

y = x5 + 6 (2
9x – 5 = 3x + 7
(2
) )
Name the Property of Equality illustrated in each
statement.
Addition Property of
1.) If x – 3 = 5, then x – 3 + 3 = 5 + 3. Equality

Multiplication
2.) If 2x = –6, then 2x = –6 . Property of Equality

Symmetric Property of Equality


3.) If x = 7, then 7 = x.
Transitive Property of
4.) If x = 2 and 2 = y, then x = y. Equality

Addition Property of
5.) If 5x – 3 = 9, then 5x = 12. Equality
Reflexive Property of
6.) 3x = 3x Equality

7.)

x = 12Multiplication
Property
12 = x Symmetric
Property
8.)

2x = 10 SubtractionProperty
x = 5 DivisionProperty

If x = 5, then 2(5) + 5 = 15Substitution


Property
STATEMENTS REASON
1. 7x – 2 = 4x + 13 GIVEN
2. 7x – 2 + 2 = 4x + 13 + 2 ADDITION PROPERTY
7x = 4x + 15 OF EQUALITY

3. 7x – 4x = 4x – 4x + 15 SUBTRACTION
3x = 15 PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
4. 3x = 15
3 3 DIVISION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
x=5
STATEMENTS REASON
1. -7x + 22 = 50 GIVEN
2. -7x = 28 SUBTRACTION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
3. x = -4 DIVISION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
ON YOUR OWN
Name the property illustrated by each statement
Reflexive P. E.
1. 2x = 2x
Symmetric P. E.
Transitive P. E. 2. x = 8, 8 = y, x = y
Addition P. E.
Subtraction P. E. 3. 8x + 12 – 12 = 28 – 12
Multiplication P. E.
4. x = 13 , 13 = x
Division P. E.
Substitution P. E. 5. 76 + 15 = 7x – 15 + 15
ON YOUR OWN
 ADDITION PROPERTY
STATEMENTS REASON OF EQUALITY
1. -3 – = 4  DIVISION PROPERTY OF
2. –=7 EQUALITY

3. – = 42  GIVEN

 MULTIPLICATION
4. x = -7 PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
ON YOUR OWN
 SUBTRACTION
STATEMENTS REASON PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
1. 82 = 5 + 7x
2. 77 = 7x  DIVISION PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY
3. 11 = x
 GIVEN

4. x = 11  SYMMETRIC PROPERTY
OF EQUALITY

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