INSCRIBE, CIRCUMSCRIBE AND ESCRIBE

POLYGON AND POLYGON CONSTRUCTION X 2

SCALE AND ITS CONSTRUCTION. PLANE AND DIAGONAL SCALE

ENLARGEMENT AND REDUCTION X 2

EQUALITY OF AREA X 2

TANGENCY X 2
INSCRIBE AND CIRCUMSCRIBED SQUARE
LENGTHENING OR SHORTENING OF A LINE
 REVISION OF FIRST TERM WORKS
WEEK 1 Introducing Technical Drawing. Definition, Drawing
Material & equipments. Uses of drawing Materials and
Equipments
WEEK 2 Board Practices. Size of drawing board, LETTERING and
QUALITY of Lettering. Title Block position and Information
Masking tape, drawing lines either Horizontal/vertically.
WEEK 3 Safe Working Habits. Dos & Don’t. LINES & LINE WORK.
Definition of Line, Types of Lines especially Wavy and Zig-
zag lines.
WEEK 4 ANGLES. Definition, Types, Construction, Bisection,
Trisection rules. TRIANGLES, Construction given 3 sides,
2 sides + 1 Angle or 1 side + 2 Angles.
WEEK 5 MID-TERM BREAK AND TEST LINES

WEEK 6, 7, 8 CIRCLE, INscribe, CIRCUMscribing, Tangents,

Parts of Circles, Definition. Internal & External tangent
WEEK 9 QUADRI+laterals, Types, Properties, Construction of
Quad, INscribe, CIRCUMscribing.

WEEK POLYGON, Types, Properties, Construction of Polygons,

10 INscribe, CIRCUMscribing.

Draw a Triangle whose Perimeter is 100mm given angles 90 and 45

Draw a LINE Of 100mm DIVIDE 6:7:2

REVISION OF FIRST TERM WORK:- POLYGON CONSTRUCTION

SCALE AND SCALE DRAWING

SECOND TERM
BEGINS
HERE
2023
 SCALE
DEFINITI
ON

EXAMPLES

TYPES

CONVERSI
ON

construction
SCALE: A device with MARKING, uniform GRADATION and with an
R.F.(Representative Fraction) used for MEASUREMENT. NOTE: The
Representative Fraction of a SCALE is the Mathematical application of Scale
use for Enlargement and Reduction of paper work to real life work.
 TYPES of technical scale

Plane scale

Diagonal
scale
Scale of
chord

examples

Maths Geographical Science Technological

SCALE map SCALE GRAPH SCALE
SCALE
 CONVERSION AND CONSTRUCTION OF SCALE
1.CONSTRUCT A SCALE of 2cm = 1meters to read up to 6meters in
decimeters
2. CONSTRUCT A SCALE of 3cm = 1decimeter to read up to 4 decimeters in
centimeters.
3. CONSTRUCT A SCALE of 1.5 times Full Size to read up to 8cm in
Millimeters.
4. CONSTRUCT A SCALE of 1over 3 to read up to 4dm in Centimeters
NOTE: The above QUESTIONS belong to Plane scale since they have two degree of
accuracy and two unit to measure up to!
5. CONSTRUCT A DIAGONAL SCALE of cm to read up to 11cm in
Millimeters and Tenth of Millimeter.
6. CONSTRUCT A DIAGONAL SCALE of twice full size to read up to 6cm in
Millimeter and Tenth of a Millimeters.
7. CONSTRUCT A DIAGONAL SCALE of 3cm = 1meter to read up to
Decimeter and Centimeters.
8. CONSTRUCT A DIAGONAL SCALE of 1 over 4 Full size to read up to
5decimeters in Centimeters and Millimeters.
 ALTERNATIVE conversion
CONSTRUCT A SCALE of 2cm = 1meters to read up to 6meters
in decimeters
SCALE = R.F. = Representative Fraction or Ratio
Expressing 2cm = 1meters in R.F.
2cm :1meters in R.F.
2cm P
1m
= L
AL
x 2cm P x
1m
= L
6m
6m x 2cm = P x 1m
L
6 m x 2cm
1m
= 6 x 2cm
 conversion
CONSTRUCT A SCALE of 2cm = 1meters to read up to 6meters
in decimeters
New scale = r.f. X MEASUSRE UP
2CM TO
X 6m
1M
2CM But = 10 --2
X 6m
1M C
2 X 10—2 M
X 6m
1M
2 X 10—2 m
X 6m = 2 X 10—2 X 6m
1m = 0.12 m = 12 CM
 conversion
CONSTRUCT A SCALE of 3cm = 1decimeter to read up
to 4 decimeters in centimeters.
New scale = r.f. X MEASUSRE UP
3CM TO
X 4dm
1dM
3CM But = 10—2
X 4dm
1dM C
And d = 10— 1
3 X 10—2 M
X 4dm
1X 10 M
—1

3 X 10—2 m X 4dm = 3 X 10—1 X 4dm

1 X 10—1 m
= 0.3 X 4dm = 1.2 dm
= 1.2 dm = 1.2 X 10—1 m =0.12 m = 12 cm
 Plane scale:- A Scale Which can measure to 2 degree of
accuracy and has 2 Units

5
10 0 1 2 3 4

0 1 2 3 4 5
10 0 1 2 3 4
MINOR SCALE MAJOR PART OF THE SCALE
 Diagonal scale:- A Scale Which can measure to 3 degree
of accuracy and has 3 Units

10 0 1 2 3 4

0 1 2 3 4 5
10 0 1 2 3 4
 K 10+3
M +2
HECTO H 10
M M10+1
DECA D
M M
M 1
D 10—1
M10—2
C
M —3
M 10
M
ENLARGEMENT AND REDUCTION OF PLANE FIGURES
CONCEPT OF ENLARGEMENT OR REDUCTION OF FIGURES
CONCEPT OF ENLARGEMENT OR REDUCTION OF FIGURES
CONSTRUCT THIS IRREGULAR PENTAGON AND
DETERMINE THE AREA OF THE PENTAGON

P
TR = 200
T 140 SQ = 70
Q
120
60
S R
96
EQUALITY OF AREAS OF PLANE SHAPE
CONSTRUCTION OF TWO TRIANGLES TO HAVE
DIFFERENT BASE BUT THE SAME AREA

B C D
 CONSTRUCTION OF ATLEAST TWO TRIANGLES
TO HAVE THE SAME BASE AND IN-BETWEEN
PARALLELS ALL HAVE THE SAME AREA

A G Z

B C
 CONSTRUCTION OF A PENTAGON TO
HAVE EQUAL AREA TO A TRIANGLE

5 3

6 1 2 7
TRIANGLES BETWEEN PARALLELS HAVING THE SAME
BASE HAVE EQUAL AREA
EQUALITY OF RECTANGLES HAVING DIFFERENT LENGHS
AND DIFFERENT BREADTHS BUT EQUAL AREA
TANGENT AND TANGENCY
TANGENT AND TANGENCY
TANGENT AND TANGENCY
TANGENT AND TANGENCY
TANGENT AND TANGENCY
TANGENT AND TANGENCY