First Law of

Thermodynamics
Group 4:
1. Fitri Amalia
2. Nabila Azhara
3. Mutia Damayanti
4. Sakinah Rahma Yani
5. Shofia Debora Pasaribu
First Law of
Thermodynamics SO, the formula for the first law of thermodynamics

The law of conservation of energy in another

form. The amount of energy entering / leaving
the system is the same as the change in the
energy of the system.
U state function, certain U
Energy can be in the form of:
dU does not depend on the road
• Heat and
Q and W apply if there is a process
• work d’Q, d’W depends on the road
If U1 = U2 Q = W it means heat is given
U1 U2 (in cyclical process) everything is done for
W
business
Q
Q = heat
U = ductile energy
(internal energy)
W = work
 Some consequences of the 1 law of
thermodynamics
Energy equation U = f(P,V,T) If the volume is constant : V = C dV
Independent variable T,V =0

d’qv =
d’qv = Cv dTv

Specific heat at constant volume

If the pressure is constant: P = C then d’qp = CP dTP
Equation (3) becomes:

CP dTP =
If the temperature is constant: T = Constant If the process is adiabatic: d'q = 0
Equation (3) becomes: Equation (3) becomes:

Equation (5) substitution to (7) is

obtained:

Equation (5) substitution to (9) is

obtained:
Some consequences of the 1 law of
thermodynamics
Independent variable T,P

and

So,

….(1)
The above equation is the first law of thermodynamics equation for the variable (T,P). Then,
the equation for the first law of thermodynamics above will be determined if it is in 4 states,
namely as follows:

1. Pressure Contant (P=C)

If the pressure is constant, then

Note:
From equation (1), we will get

So, the specific heat if the pressure constant is

 2. Volume Contant (V=C)

If the volume is constant then

From equation (1) we will get

Substitute that into equation

2. Volume Contant (V=C)

Connect with:
3. Temperature Contant (T=C) 4. Adiacatic process (d’q = 0)

From equation specific heat at P=C, will

get:

If temperature constant, then dT=0

From equation specific heat at P=C
 4. Adiacatic process (d’q = 0)

From equation specific heat at P=C, will

get: Remember that (from state V=C):

So that is
 Some consequences of the 1 law of
thermodynamics
Independent variable P,V

So,

The above equation is the first law of thermodynamics equation for the variable (P,V). Then,
the equation for the first law of thermodynamics above will be determined if it is in 4 states,
namely as follows:
 1. Volume Contant (V=C)

If the volume is constant then

From equation (1) at third slide will get

Substitute that into equation

1. Volume Contant (V=C)

Connect with:
2. Pressure Contant (P=C)

If the pressure is constant then . From (1) equation at third slide

2. Pressure Contant (P=C)

Connect with
3. Temperature Constant (T=C) 4. Adiabatic Process (d’q=0)
Based on the specific heat equation at constant
temperature

If the temperature is constant then . from

equation (1) will get