Gender and Sexuality

Module 2
Gender and Society
Learning Objectives

• Assess existing gender ideologies in the Philippine

Society

• Evaluate the difference between sex and gender

Complete the following statements...

1. I think girls are __________

2. I think boys are __________
3. I think girls should __________
4. I think boys should __________
5. Society thinks that girls should __________
6. Society thinks that boys should __________
Sex
∙ Often referred to as the act of reproduction
(copulation/coitus)
∙ According to pop culture, sex is something done for
pleasure.
∙ According to Freud, it is what drives people to do
certain things that are associated with pleasure
∙ This subject defines sex through its biological, and
not social nor cultural function
∙ Is a category for living beings specifically related to
their reproductive (biological) function.
∙ There are only two sex categories: male and female
Sex
(Male and Female)
Sex
(Chromosomes)
Sex
(Genatalia)
Sex
(Secondary Sex Characteristics)
Sex
Sex
(Hormones)
Gender

∙ Is a socially learned behavior usually

associated with one’s sex.

∙ Also based on how people see themselves and,

on their tendency, to act along either the
masculine or the feminine line.

∙ Social construct that determines one’s roles,

expected values, behavior and interaction in
relationships involving men and women.
 Masculinity is not
connected to one’s
gonads. The whole idea
Femininity, or the of being a man,
behavior that one therefore, is based on
associates with females, gender and the society’s
may not actually tied to a belief in how a man
woman’s sex. should act, instead of
just biological functions
 Gender Role Socialization
Process of learning and internalizing culturally approved ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.
Socialization affects all parts of one’s identity by dictating what is acceptable to do because of one’s educational
background, class, religion and gender.
 Perception of Gender in Two Ways
External Regulation
• Involves various
institutions dictating
what is proper and
normal based on one’s
identity. Ex. Censorship
of some forms of
sexuality
(homosexuality is bad!).
• External regulation is
enforced by society and
forms the internalized
social control is formed
Internal Regulation
• Causes a person to police
himself or herself
according to society’s
standards and norms.
• A consistent practice will
eventually affect all
aspects of his or her
personality.