National Institute of Management

Quetta
36th Mid-Career Management Course

MAJOR SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN

Presented by: Muhammad Dawood

Faculty Advisor: Muhammad Aslam Ghani
Date:
Venue: NIM Quetta
 Sequence of Presentation
Objectives
Scope
Currency of the topic
Introduction
Issues and Challenges
Analysis
Conclusion
Recommendations
References and Sources
 Objectives

• To discuss the major Social Problems of Pakistan.

• To identify the factors responsible for the Social
issues.
• To analyze, the way forward to cope up with these
problems.
 Scope

• Scope of this presentation is limited to highlight

the major problems/issues of Pakistan, and analyze
the factors responsible and solution of the
problems.
Currency of topic
Introduction
(Contd…..)
MAJOR SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN

Unstable Illiteracy
Economy
Major Social
Problems of
Poor Health Pakistan
Poverty
Infrastructure

Child Labor Unemployment

 Issues and Challenges-Illiteracy
Fact Alert: 
Pakistan holds 138th position in terms of literacy rate out of 167 countries- The Legatum Prosperity Index

 The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan says: ‘The State of

Pakistan shall reduce illiteracy and provide compulsory education to all
the children free of cost.’ If we see the major social issues in Pakistan, the
2021 report of Human Development says that only 59% of Pakistan’s
population is designated as literate. This is a sad state of affairs for a
country almost 75 years old.
 (Contd…..)
Reasons:
 No awareness regarding the importance of education in the far-fetched areas of
Pakistan i.e. Balochistan, KPK, Rural Sindh, Southern Punjab, and FATA.
 Different mediums of instruction and syllabi in public and private education sectors.
 Unaffordable education &Low Education Budget
 Non-professional teachers with a minimal amount of training.
 Lack of technical Institutes & Gender discrimination.
Solutions:
 Ensure one medium of instruction and syllabi, Single National Curriculum was
launched in 2021.
 Increase the federal and provincial education budget.
 Build new educational and technical institutes.
 To encourage the girls on governmental levels to go to school as females are more
than half of the country’s population.
 Train and educate the teachers on the essentials of teaching and handling the children.
 Poverty
 Poverty is the state of being deficient in basic needs of
everyday life, e.g. Food, Clothes, Shelter, Education etc.

 The economy of Pakistan fluctuates daily, and the

progress of the nation is too slow.

 24.3% of population lives below the poverty line in

Pakistan, according to a report by the Asian
Development Bank. This situation is alarming, and the
government needs to speed up working on sustainable
development goals.
 (Contd…..)
Reasons:
 Highest population growth in the world, lack of family planning, malnourished
mothers.
 Mostly uneducated populace, lack of education and technical skills
 High rates of unemployment.
 Imbalanced taxes, 80% of the taxes come from the middle classes, while most of the
rich usually do not pay.
 Issues and Challenges
Unemployment
Pakistan is 5th largest youngest country in the world with a 63% young population!

In December 2021, the unemployment rate in Pakistan was

6.50% approximately. In the building of a great nation, it is
essential that every person including males, females and
youth take part in its establishment and growth. Sadly in
Pakistan, this has been completely neglected.
 (Contd…..)
Reasons:
 Highest population growth in the world, lack of family planning, malnourished mothers.
 Mostly uneducated populace, lack of education and technical skills
 High rates of unemployment.
 Imbalanced taxes, 80% of the taxes come from the middle classes, while most of the rich
class usually do not pay.

Solutions:
Although unemployment cannot be reduced at once, many solutions can be provided
for limiting this major social problem:
 Access to education for all.
 Economic growth and development.
 Ideas of civic responsibility and tolerance.
 Creation of new jobs; raise in the minimum wages.
 Support of the government for small businesses.
 Issues and Challenges
Child Labor

There is no crime more heinous than letting a child, a little

human, work to make both ends meet. It is against
humanity and ethics, and a vicious cycle of poverty.

It is a basic right of every child born to live his childhood

carefree, happy and healthy.

In Pakistan, many children are working to support their big families, at the cost of their
education and life dreams. They work in restaurants, departmental stores, workshops,
public transport, and in worst-case scenarios, children beg on the roads and in the streets.
 (Contd…..)
Reasons:
The reasons behind child labour could be traced back to the parents in almost all the
cases, who send their children to work due to:
 Poverty
 Large Families; too many mouths to feed and too little earning
 Societal attitudes; uneducated parents, ignorance.
 Lack of awareness & Minimum Wages.
 Inability to access basic education.
Solutions:
Although the issue of Child Labor cannot be eradicated at once, many solutions can
be provided for limiting this major social problem:
 Providing quality education to all the children; regardless of background.
 Vocational training and education for skill learning.
 Programs to raise awareness among parents and the general population regarding child
labour.
 Supporting the NGOs working for child betterment.
 Issues and Challenges
Poor Health Infrastructure
The Healthcare system in Pakistan is defined to be one of the most corrupt sectors, according to
Transparency International. The doctors treat people like untouchables, especially in public
hospitals.
Much of the responsibility falls on the government, for being unable to build new hospitals, and
upgrade the existing facilities. Recently, the government has introduced Sehat Insaf Card for all
the provinces, which looks promising and a step forward in the access of healthcare to the
masses.
Reasons:
  Unavailability of modern technology and machinery in the existing hospitals.
 Lack of new hospital buildings to cater to the needs of an ever-growing population.
 Shortage of trained doctors.
 Refusal of medical graduates to work in rural settings.
 Negative attitudes of doctors; high fees, bribery.
 (Contd…..)
Solutions:
Although the Poor Health Infrastructure of the Country cannot be improved at
once, many solutions can be provided for controlling this major social problem:

 Effective training of doctors.

 Increase in the health budget.
 Public awareness.
 Procurement of modern technology for the hospitals.
 Corruption control in public healthcare projects.
 Issues and Challenges-Unstable Economy

 All of us got hit by the recent price hikes. Be it petrol, electricity or gas the problem is never-ending.
Most of the blame is being put on the government and its inability and helplessness to get out of
the shackles of the IMF and World Bank. Due to this dependency and inability to take bold
measures, Pakistan is being burdened every day by huge foreign debts and economic instability;
which in turn is creating many, many problems for the country.
 According to Dr. Ishrat Hussain, the notable Pakistani Banker and Economist, the major economic
challenges faced by Pakistan are poverty, unemployment, huge foreign debts, low investment, and
high fiscal debt.
Reasons:
 Unemployment.
 Political Instability.
 Energy Crisis.
 Lack of Policy Implementation.
 Continuous Increases in Inflation.
 Security Concerns.
 The huge burden of foreign debts.
 An imbalance between Imports & Exports.
 (Contd…..)
Solutions:
There’s never a quick solution to balance the economy of a big country, with as
many people as Pakistan has, but someone has to take responsibility sooner rather
than later, starting from the implications of stronger policies.

 Reduction of inflation growth in the country.

 Reducing imports and increasing exports.
 Policies to make the agricultural sector more effective
 Stable interest rates.
 Positive impacts of the exchange rates.
 Analysis
• No matter which way we slice it, we know
that these social problems alongside many
others are the bigger hurdles.
• These problems are interconnected and are
affecting every segment of society. First, we
need to recognize the problems. It is an
undeniable fact that we need a collaborative
approach to resolve these problems.
Conclusion
• In conclusion, it is sufficient to say that
if Pakistanis, as a nation in its true
sense, had worked hard, together, and
responsibly Pakistan would have been
free of these major social problems. It
would have been working towards
betterment and prosperity every day.
Nevertheless, it’s still not too late.
Recommendations