PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

(PNS)
THE ONE OF TWO MAIN PARTS OF YOUR
BODY’S NERVOUS SYSTEM,YOUR PNS
FEEDSINFORMATION INTO YUR BRAIN FROM
MOST OF YOUR SENSES,IT CARRIES SIGNAL
THAT ALLOW YOU TO MOVE YOUR
MUSCLES,IT ALSO DELIVERS SIGNAL THAT
YOUR BRAIN USES TO CONTROL
VITAL,UNCONCIOUS PROCESS LIKE YOUR
HEARTBEAT AND BREATHING.
 NEURONS,or the NERVE CELLS
the responsible for communication
by transmitting electhrochemichal
signals,they look different from other cells
because of their intercate cellular structure.
 3 PARTS OF NEURONS
1.DENDRITE the tree like structures that extended
from the cell body of the neurons,they pick up signals from the environment or from
other neurons towards the cell body.

2.AXON is the long fiber that carries impulses from the cell
body towards other neurons or effector cells.

3.CELL BODY the nucleus containing central part of a

neuron exclusive of its axon and dendrites that is major structural elementof the gray matter
of the brain and spinal cord,the ganglia,and the retina
 three basic types of neurons

1. sensory neurons - this neurons transmit signals from the receptors of the body such as
the sensory organs to the central nervous system .

2 .motor neurons - this neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system
going to the effectors such as muscles gland.

3. interneurons - these neurons connect the afferent and the afferent neurons and
carry information between them.
 MAIN DIVISION OF PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
(PNS)

1.SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM(SNS)-controls muscles movement and relays

information from the ears,eyes and skin to the central nervous system.

2.AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM(ANS)-bodilycontrols involuntarily functions and

regulates glands .
 SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM(SNS)

CRANIAL NERVES-THE NERVE HAVE BOTH SENSORY AND

MOTOR COMPONENTS ,THREE OF THE NERVES ARE ASSOSCIATED WITH THE SPECIAL SENSES OF
SMELL ,VISION,HEARING AND EQUILIBRIUM AND ONLY HAVE SENSORY FIBERS .

SPINAL NERVES-31 OF SPINAL NERVES EMERGE LATERALLY FROM

THE SPINAL CORD ,EACH PAIR OF NERVES CORRESPONDS TO A SEGMENT OF THE CORD AND
THEY ARE NAMED ACCORDINGLY,THIS MEANS THERE ARE, 8 CERVICAL NERVES, 12 THORACIC
NERVES, 5 LUMBAR NERVES,5 SACRAL NERVES,AND COCCYGEAL NERVE,EACH SPINAL NERVE IS
CONNECTED TO THE SPINAL CORD BY A DORSAL ROOT AND A VENTRAL ROOT.
 AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
(ANS)

PARASYMPATHETIC
-Decreases heart rate,bronchiole dilation,blood,glucose,blood to
skeletal muscles.
-Increases digestion,pupil size,urinary output
-rest and digest.

SYMPATHETIC
-Decreases digestion,pupil size,urinary output.
-Increases heart rate,brionchiole dilation,blood glucose,blood to
skeletal muscle.
-fight or fligt
 FIGHT OR flight
response

<the fight response is an automatic

physiological reaction to an event that is
perceived as stressful or frightening.The
perception of threat activates the sympathetic
nervous system and triggers an acute stress
response that prepares the body to fight or flee