*PERIPHERAL

NERVOUS
SYSTEM
* WHAT IS PERIPHERAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM?
Criteria for Differentiated
Activities:

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presentation____________33
cleanliness _____________33
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The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is
the division of the nervous system
containing all the nerves that lie
outside of the central nervous system
(CNS).
PRIMARY ROLE.
To connect the CNS to the organs,
limbs and skin. The nerves extend from
the central nervous system to the
outermost areas of the body.
*THE TWO MAIN
SUBSYSTEM
AUTONOMIC:

These are nervous system processes your brain runs

automatically and without you thinking about them.

SOMATIC:

These are function you manage by thinking about them.

SENSES: Your PNS is a key part of how your brain
gets information about the world around you. This
job falls under the somatic nervous system.

MOVEMENT: Your peripheral nerves deliver

command signals to all the muscles in your body
that you can consciously control. This job also
falls under the somatic nervous system.
Those two subsystem are
how your Peripheral
nervous system does its
Three main job
UNCONSCIOUS
PROCESSES: This is how
your brain runs critical
processes that don’t
depend on your thinking
about them
-The part of the peripheral nervous system responsible for
carrying sensory and motor information to and from the
central nervous system.
-Derives its name from the Greek word soma, which
means “BODY”.
-Responsible from transmitting sensory information as
well as for voluntary movement.
-Contain two major types of neurons:
-sensory neurons or (afferent neuron) - carry
information from the nerve to the central nervous system
-motor neuron or (efferent neuron) – that carry
information from the brain and spinal cord to muscle
fibers throughout the body.
CRANIAL NERVE- nerves that emerge
directly from the brain, in contrast to
spinal nerves, which emerge from
segments of the spinal cord. In
humans, there are traditionally
twelve pairs of cranial nerves. Only
the first and the second pair emerge
from the cerebrum; the remaining
ten pairs emerge from the brainstem.
SPINAL NERVES-spinal nerves or
nerve roots, branch off the spinal
cord and pass out through a hole in
each of the vertebrae called the
Foremen. These nerves carry
information from the spinal cord
to the rest of the body, and from
the body back up to the brain.
SENSORY NEURONS running from
stimulus RECEPTORS that inform
the CNS of the stimuli
MOTOR NEURONS running from the
CNS to the MUSCLES AND GLANDS-
that take action.
* AUTONOMIC
The autonomic nervous system has
two:
-sympathetic nervous system
-parasympathetic nervous system
* SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

The sympathetic nervous system is

located to the sympathetic chain,
which connect to skin, blood vessels
and organs in the body cavity, The
sympathetic chain is located on both
sides of the spine and consists of
ganglias.
-stimulates heartbeat
-raises blood pressure
-dilates the pupils
-dilates the trachea and bronchi
-stimulates glycogenolysis – the conversion of liver
glycogen into glucose
-shunts blood away from the skin and viscera to the
skeletal muscles, brain, and heart
-inhibits peristalsis in the gastrointestinal GI tract
-inhibits contaction of the bladder and rectum
-and, at least in rats and mice, increases the number of
AMPA receptors in the hippocampus and thus increases
long-term potentiation
*PARASYMPATHETIC
NERVOUS
SYSTEM
-He parasympathetic system is the
branch of the Autonomic Nervous
System ANS responsible for the
body ability to recuperate and
return to a balanced state known
as “homeostasis” after expriencing
pain or stress.
 * PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULATION
causes:

-slowing down of the heart as Loewi

demonstrated
-lowering of blood pressure
-constriction of the pupils
-increased blood flow to the skin and
viscera
-peristalsis of the GI tract