Environmental Management Plan

>>>>>Monitoring<<<<<

Daw Khaing Cho Khant

Engineering Manager
09790141448
Myanmar Water Engineering and Products Co.,Ltd.
4.5.2019

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 Contents of Environmental Management Plan Report
• ၁။ Executive Summary
(အစီရင္ခံ စာ အက်ဥ္းခ်ဳပ္)
• ၂။ Introduction
(နိဒါန္း)
• ၃။ Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework
(မူ ဝါဒ၊ ဥပေဒ၊ မူ ေဘာင္မ်ားႏွင့္ ဖြဲ႔စည္းမႈဆို င္ရာမ်ား)
• ၄။ Project Description
(လု ပ္င န္း၏ အေၾကာင္းအရာ ေဖာ္ျပခ်က္)
• ၅။ Description of Current Environmental and Social Conditions
(လက္ရွိ သဘာဝပတ္ဝန္းက်င္ႏွင့္ လူ မႈပတ္ဝန္းက်င္ အေၾကာင္းအရာ ေဖာ္ျပခ်က္)
• ၆။ Environmental Impacts Assessment and Mitigation Measures (ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္ပၚသက္ေရာက္မႈမ်ားႏွင့္ ေ
လ်ာ့ နည္းေစရန္ ေဆာင္က္မည့္ လု ပ္င န္းမ်ား)
• ၇။ Public Consultation and Development Program
(ေဒသခံ ျပည္သ ူမ်ားႏွင့္ တို င္ပင္ေဆြးေႏြးျခင္းႏွင့္ ဖြံ ႔ျဖိဳးေရးအစီအစဥ္)
• ၈။ Environmental and Social Management Plan
(ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္ႏွင့္ လူ မႈေရးဆု ိင္ရာ စီမံ ခန္႔ခြဲမႈ အစီအစဥ္ )
• ၉။ Conclusion and Recommendations 2
 Environmental Monitoring Plan

– Defines selected indicators for ensuring that mitigation

measures are being implemented and are effective (e.g., if there
is a mitigating measure to control noise during operation, the
monitoring plan should include noise measurements during
operation)
– Ensures the project is complying with National Environmental
Quality (Emission) Guidelines
– Addresses concerns which may rise during the public
consultation
– Identifies authorities responsible for monitoring
– Includes estimated related costs 3
 Checking

Monitoring and Measurement

• monitor and measure the key characteristics of its operations that
can have significant environmental impact
• include the documenting of information to monitor performance,
applicable controls and conformity with the organization’s
objectives and targets
• ensure calibrated or verified monitoring and measurement
equipment is used and maintained

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 Checking

Control of Records
• Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for
a. Identification
b. Storage
c. Protection
d. Retrieval
e. Retention
f. Disposal of records
• Records shall remain legible, identifiable and traceable
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 Definition of monitoring
Environmental
monitoring is BOTH. . .

 1. Systematic measurement of Environmental

key environmental indicators ! monitoring is a
over time, within a particular necessary
geographic area complement to
mitigation. It
should be a
 2. Systematic evaluation of the normal part of
implementation of mitigation monitoring
measures project results.
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 Explaining monitoring, part I
The indicators are:
Monitoring, part 1:
Signals of or proxies for
aspects of
Systematic • Environmental health &
measurement of • Ecosystem function

key environmental The geographic area is:

indicators over The area in which the
time, within a environmental impacts of
the activity may be felt.
particular This may be:

geographic area a stream, lake or pond

a watershed, an
ecosystem,
a village, etc. 7
Why measure environmental indicators?
There are 2 reasons to
choose & measure
environmental indicators:
1.To measure the environmental
impacts of an activity.
 The most serious impacts
 Uncertain impacts
(as identified
by the EMP process)
2.To understand whether
mitigation measures are
effective.
! Therefore,
Indicators are not
chosen randomly.
An indicator is chosen
because:
1. It corresponds to
these impacts
2. It allows the
effectiveness of
mitigation measures
to be evaluated. 8
 Examples of indicators
Environmental components

Air, Water Quantity, quality, reliability,

Env Health Disease vectors, pathogens
Noise accessibility

Soils Erosion, crop productivity, Flora Composition and density of

fallow periods, salinity, natural vegetation,
nutrient concentrations productivity, key species

Fauna Populations, habitat Special Key species

ecosystems

Typical aspects of environmental health & ecosystem function

that may be adversely affected by small-scale activities.
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 Indicators: sometimes complex, often simple
• Indicators may require laboratory analysis or specialized equipment
& techniques
– Water quality testing for fecal coliform, heavy metals
– Automatic cameras on game paths for wildlife census
– Etc.
• But indicators are often VERY SIMPLE
• This is especially true for small-scale activities
– Simple indicators can be
! more useful and appropriate
than more complicated ones!
For example

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 Examples of simple indicators
Leakage measurement. Surface sewage contamination
Visual
inspection
The ammonia leak can notice behind the
by a strong odour and very
dangerous. Therefore safety
latrine
plan and emergency plan is (top)
very important . reveals a
leaking
septic tank
(bottom).

What are
The area of the leak
could not be entered
the
without the use of limitations
personal protective of this
equipment and indicator?
breathing masks
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 Examples of simple indicators
Leak will waste resources.

Over a period of time, a leaky

faucet can put upwards of 150
gallons of water down the drain in
just a day. Gone unfixed, you are
not only wasting a precious natural
resource, but seriously damaging
your wallet.

Operation Temperature
and Pressure
Are measured with Choose the simplest
Pressure Gauge and
Temperature Gauge. Need
! indicator that meets your
needs!
to supply check with other
indicator if you need. 12
 Design of monitoring
• Monitoring requires SYSTEMATIC
measurement of indicators.
What does this mean?
Location of
1 measurement
It means measurement
designed to distinguish the Timing & frequency of
2 measurement
impacts of the activity from
other factors.
and often. . .
Systematic measurement
therefore requires decisions
about: 3 Other factors

1. Trained person
For example 2. Instrument calibration
3. Weather Condition 13
 Design of monitoring
Water intake
Example: Water quality impacts of Surimi ( Minced Fish) Process

Location
1 Water samples should be
taken at the intake, process
wastewater outlet points and
Processing
wastewater storage tank.
facility
Timing & frequency
2 Samples at different
locations should be taken at
the same time. Samples
should be taken at high &
low flow during the
processing time and Final Production
production seasons.
3 What else?
Wastewater Storage Tank 14
 Design of monitoring
Measuring water quality impacts from a point source of pollution
(the previous example) is fairly straightforward

Often monitoring can be more complicated.

Some common monitoring strategies are:
Monitor the actual
Monitor at multiple
project, plus a
stations/ sampling All are intended to show
similar non-project
locations what the “normal” baseline
area (a “control”)
conditions are, so the
impacts of the activity can
be distinguished from
Do research to obtain NORMAL VARIABILITY
good baseline data and other factors
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 Explaining Monitoring, part 2
Evaluation means. . .
Monitoring Part 2:
to ascertain whether or not the
Systematic measures have been implemented
as specified by the EMP or
evaluation of the mitigation and monitoring plan.
implementation of
This will often not show whether
mitigation measures the measures are effective. This
is the role of environmental
indicators.

There are two basic ways

to get the information required: For example
“from your desk” or “in the field” 16
Information sources To Evaluate Implementation of Mitigation
Mitigation measure is:
“Clinic staff shall be trained to and A In the field,
shall at all times segregate and you inspect waste
properly incinerate infectious disposal locations.
waste.” Inspection shows
clearly that
From your desk: segregation and
You might ask the activity manager incineration is
or field supervisor to report on the NOT implemented
following: implemented at
• Percentage of staff trained? B facility B.
• Spot inspections of waste
disposal locations carried
out? The result of these
inspections?
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When do I obtain information
From my desk?
From the field?

! Get the
information you
need using the
simplest means of
collecting it.

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Monitoring: analysis and dissemination
• Analysis is an essential element of monitoring
– Raw or unprocessed environmental data is not useful
to decision makers
• Dissemination of monitoring results is critical

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 Mitigation & Monitoring in the Project lifecycle
1.Implementation of design decisions.
Mitigation and
Monitoring of construction
monitoring is a part
2. Where required,
of each stage of any capacity-building for proper operation
activity.

Construct/ Operate Decommission

Design
implement (may include handover) (in some cases)

1.Decisions made
regarding site and 1. Operating practices implemented
technique to minimize 2. Monitoring of:
impacts  Operating practices
2.Operating practices  Environmental conditions
designed
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 Mitigation and Monitoring Plans

• Mitigation and monitoring for The Mitigation and Monitoring Plan is a

an activity is defined by the ! critical part of any preliminary assessment.

Mitigation and Monitoring (or What

M&M) Plan does the
plan
(also called an Environmental contain
Management Plan, or EMP)
?
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The Mitigation Portion of M&M Plans
Adaptive mitigation
WHAT & WHY
What are the significant impacts that
need to be mitigated? Adaptive mitigation means
For each significant impact, what are the that implementation of a
proposed mitigation measures? mitigation measure is
triggered when monitoring
WHO
indicates a problem.
Who carries out mitigation measures?
Who manages or verifies? The mitigation plan should
discuss any adaptive mitigation.
WHEN
At what stage in the project cycle is each
measure implemented?
Is there ADAPTIVE mitigation?
WITH WHAT RESOURCES
What is the budget? Who pays?
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 The Monitoring Portion of M&M Plans
You should explain. . .
WHAT
What are the indicators?
how the plan will remain
WHY flexible in response to project
What is the purpose of each indicator? needs and to react to the
WHEN & HOW unexpected
How & when will indicators be
measured? How will the information be
analyzed?
WHO
Who monitors? Who analyzes? Who
reports? Who receives the information?
WITH WHAT RESOURCES
What is the budget? Who pays?

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Making Mitigation & Monitoring effective
For mitigation and monitoring
to be effective, it must be:

Realistic. Targeted.
Funded.
M&M must be Mitigation measures
Funding for M&M
achievable within & indicators must
must be adequate over
time, resources & correspond to
the life of the activity
capabilities. impacts.

Considered early. Considered early.

Preventive mitigation is usually
cheapest and most effective.
Prevention must be built in at the
design stage.
If M&M budgets are not
programmed at the design stage,
they are almost always
inadequate!
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Making Mitigation & Monitoring effective
But most of all, it must be:

!
IMPLEMENTED.
Effective mitigation and
monitoring requires
implementing the Mitigation
and Monitoring Plan.

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Summing up Mitigation & Monitoring are
a critical part of environmentally
sound design:

 >>>adverse environmental impacts

Mitigation minimizes

>>>effectiveness for ETP.

Monitoring tells you if your

 mitigation measures are sufficient &
effective.

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 Key Features of Good Quality EMPs
• EMP specifies all linkages (with RAP/Community and Contractors,
regulatory agencies and institutions)
• Mitigation measures are specific and detailed
• Mitigation and/or monitoring measures are feasible and practical
• Proper assessment of institutional capacity, identification of capacity
building measures
• Monitoring indicators are clear and mainly measurable
• Monitoring targets are specific
• Proposed mitigation and monitoring measures are duly costed

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 Example: Environmental Monitoring Plan For the Mosquito Coil Factory (Operation Phase)
Potential Environmental
Impacts
Air emissions of Ammonia,
gaseous inorganic chlorine
compounds, Bromines,
Cyanides, Fluorines, Hydrogen
sulphide, Chloride, Chlorine,
Particulate matter PM10, Total
Organic carbon, Volatile
organic compounds
Noise from operation works
Workers Health and Safety
What Where How/Costs When/by whom
parameter is to be monitored? is the parameter to be is the parameter to be is the parameter to be
monitored? monitored? monitored?
The applicable standards are: At the stack of the By continuous monitoring Initial test at commissioning
plant equipment supplied with the and annual subsequently.
(1)Ammonia, gaseous inorganic chlorine compounds power plant; costs are part of the Continuous for NOx and CO.
>>>30mg/Nm3, (2) Bromines, Cyanides, Fluorines, self-monitoring plan for the plant Plant management
– could be easily estimated
Hydrogen sulphide >>> 3mg/Nm3, (3)
Chloride>>>5mg/Nm3, (4)Chlorine >>>3mg/Nm3,
(5)Particulate matter PM10>>> 20,5c mg/Nm3, (6)Total
Organic carbon >>> 50 mg/Nm3, (7)Volatile organic
compounds >>>20 mg/Nm3
Noise level, dB[A]. Applicable limits are 70 dB(A) at At 100 meter from the Measurements by a licensed Once before commissioning of
100 m border of the site organization using certified the plant and annually when
(closest end to a measurement devices; national the plant is in operation
residential area) standard costs
Usage of personnel protective equipment At the site Visual by checking the practical Equipment: daily by safety
Records of WHS training usage of equipment and engineer
checking adequate among of
equipment exists. Training records: monthly by
Records of the trainings will be safety engineer
checked and if necessary
improvements will be done 28
 EMP Institutional Arrangements
• How the overall environmental management system works during the
project implementation (construction and operation phases) and Who is
responsible to implement it;
• Who will supervise the implementation of Mitigation Plan;
• Who will collect the data (from the Monitoring Plan);
• Who will analyze the data to produce information;
• Who will prepare reports (and how often) indicating how recommended
actions are being taken,
• Who will receive the reports and act upon them (e.g. dismiss contractor,
withhold contractor payment, authorize expenditures to correct problems
etc) – must have the needed authority
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Thank You So Much
for
Your Attention.

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