GOOD AFTERNOON!

A derivative in calculus is the rate

of change of a quantity y with
respect to another quantity x.
It is also termed the differential
coefficient of y with respect to x.

DERIVATIVES
Differentiation is the process of
finding the derivative of a function.
 Application of Derivatives in Real Life

 To calculate the profit and loss in business using

graphs.
 To check the temperature variation.
 To determine the speed or distance covered such as
miles per hour, kilometre per hour etc.
 Derivatives are used to derive many equations in
Physics.
 In the study of Seismology like to find the range of
magnitudes of the earthquake.
  A tangent line to the function f(x)

TANGENT at the point x=a is a line that just

touches the graph of the function
at the point in question and is

LINE “parallel” (in some way) to the

graph at that point.
Tangent Line to the Graph of a Function at a given point
Equation of the Tangent Line
Equation of the Tangent Line
Tangent Line to the Graph of a Function at a given point
 Tangent Line to the Graph of a Function at a given point

Find the equation of the tangent line to y = x2 at x = 2.

𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) − 𝒇 ( 𝒙𝟎 ) f(x) = x2 x0 = 2 f(x0) = 4
𝒎= 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→ 𝒙 𝟎
𝒙 − 𝒙𝟎
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )− 𝒇 ( 𝒙𝟎)
Step 1 𝒎= 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 − 𝒙𝟎 Step 2 𝒚 − 𝒚 𝟎=𝒎( 𝒙 − 𝒙 𝟎)
x=2 𝒙→ 𝒙 𝟎

𝒙𝟐− 𝟒
𝒎=𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 →𝟐 𝒙 −𝟐
f(2) = x2 ( 𝒙 −𝟐)( 𝒙 +𝟐)
f(2) = 22 𝒎=𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 →𝟐 𝒙 −𝟐
=4 𝒎=𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 𝒙 +𝟐 )
𝒙 →𝟐
𝒎=𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐+ 𝟐
𝒙 →𝟐

𝒎=𝟒 (2,4)
 Tangent Line to the Graph of a Function at a given point

Find the slope intercept form of the tangent line f(x) = 2x+1 at x = 4.
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟎 x=4
𝒎= 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→ 𝒙 𝒙 − 𝒙𝟎
𝟎

𝒚 − 𝒚𝟎
Step 𝒎=
1 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→ 𝒙 𝒙 − 𝒙𝟎 𝟎
Step 2 𝒚 − 𝒚 𝟎=𝒎( 𝒙 − 𝒙 𝟎)
x=4 𝟐 𝒙 +𝟏 − 𝟗
𝒎=𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟒 𝒙 −𝟒
f(x) = 2x+1 𝟐 𝒙 −𝟖
𝒎=𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 −𝟒
f(4) = 2(4)+1 𝒙→𝟒
𝟐( 𝒙 − 𝟒)
=9 𝒎=𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟒 𝒙−𝟒

(4,9)
 Tangent Line to the Graph of a Function at a given point

Find the slope intercept form of the tangent line f(x) = 3-2x at (-1,5)

𝒎= 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟎 𝒚 =𝟑− 𝟐 𝒙 𝒙 𝟎 =−𝟏 𝒚 𝟎=𝟓
𝒙→ 𝒙 𝒙 − 𝒙𝟎
𝟎

𝟑 −𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟓
Step 𝒎=
1 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 → −𝟏 𝒙 −(−𝟏)
Step 2 𝒚 − 𝒚 𝟎=𝒎( 𝒙 − 𝒙 𝟎)
− 𝟐− 𝟐 𝒙
𝒎= 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 → −𝟏 𝒙 +𝟏
− 𝟐(𝟏+ 𝒙 )
𝒎= 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 → −𝟏 𝒙 +𝟏
𝒎=− 𝟐