unit 1

Oral
NATURE &
Communication
ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION
lesson 1 nature & elements of
communication
unit 1

What is
COMMUNIC
ATION?
is the exchange of thoughts, feelings,
expressions and observations among people.
Nature of COMMUNI
CATION
• It i s a me ans of SHARING &
EX CHA NGING IDEAS
• It CO NNE CTS people & the world
they li ve i n.
Definition ofCOMMUNI
CATION
1. Com muni cation is a message
unde rstood.
2. Com muni cation is social interaction
through m essages.
 Communication context
- refers to the setting and situation in which
communication takes place.
- refers to the idea that every act of communication
must happen in some sort of environment.

( 1) physical (4) s ocial-

cont ext ps ycholo gical cont ext
( 2) tempor al
cont ext
• Physical context
- refers to the location, the environmental conditions
that include the temperature, lighting and noise level,
the distance between the communicators, and the time
of the day.

EX: A student on the playground is free to run, play, and

yell with their classmates.
- being loud and boisterous is acceptable behavior for the
location. -
 2. Cultural context
- involves the lifestyle, beliefs, values,
behavior, and communication of a group; it is
the rules of a group of people for considering
something right or wrong.
 3. Social- psychological context
- it has to do with the status relationships
among speakers, the formality of the situation,
the norms of a group or organization.
 4. Temporal context
- it is a message's position within a sequence of
events.
 Forms of
Communication
Communication may vary from spoken and written words but also actions, mannerisms, and style -
anything attached to a message that gives meaning. It can be defined according to its form and use.

c o m mu n ic atio n a s a pro c e s s

c o m mu n ic atio n a s a n in te rac tio n

c o m mu n ic atio n a s a so c ia l c o n te x t

unit 1
unit 1

Process
of
COMMUNI
CATION
unit 1

Communication PROCESS
• it refers to a series of actions or steps taken in order to
successfully communicate.
• The overall goal of the communication process is to
present an individual or party with information and
have them understand it.
ElementsCOMMUNIC
of ATION
se nde r receive r
me s sa ge fee dba ck
c ha nn el o f noise
c omm uni c at i o n

dec odi ng
 • sender
is the one who conveys the message, oral or written, influenced by
past conditioning, knowledge about the subject, manner of
speaking or speaking skills, present situation, communicative
purpose, and attitude toward self and the listener.
 2. receiver (the
• is the one who listens and decodes the conveyed
message. listener)
• what the speaker communicates is filtered by the
receiver's frame of reference, which includes his or her
level of knowledge about the subject, language
proficiency, experiences, values and attitudes.
 3.
• is the information that is being passed on

me ssage
during the communication process
• messages are the ideas and feelings that make
up the content of the process of communicaiton
4.c h annel o f
• is the medium or means through which the message is

co m muni c a t i o n
transmitted.

Communication channels can be categorized

into 3 principal channels:
(1) VERBAL
(2) WRITTEN
(3) NON-VERBAL
channel of
communication
(1) VERBAL
- CHOICE OF WORDS/TONE/FORMALITY OF
VOCABULARY

(2) WRITTEN
- TEXTUAL MESSAGES/MEMOS/
PROPOSALS/ EMAILS/LETTERS/TRAINING
MANUALS/OPERATING POLICIES
channel of
communication
(3) NON-VERBAL
- FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
- BODY LANGUAGE
- SENSES
- GESTURES
- EYE CONTACT
 5.
• is translating the message from its sign format

DE CODIN
into meaning.
• It also means converting a message into

G
thoughts by translating the received stimuli into
an interpreted meaning in order to understand
the message communicated.
6. feedback
- is the receiver's message that he or she sends to the
source in response to the sender's message.
 7. communication
• is anything that interferes with the accurate expression

noise
or reception of a message.
• it disrupts or interferes with the communication
process that may result to distortion of a message.
 t yp e s o f
c om m u ni c a t i o n
n oi se
physical noise
• the ex t er nal and unne ce ss ar y so un d t h at
obst ac le to effec tive co m mun i ca ti o n. I t
is a ls o a com munica t io n d is t ur ba n ce
c re a te d by the e nviro nme n t.

EX: raining sounds, thunderstorms, horns,

outside building sounds, sounds from fans,
lights and vehicle sounds
physiological
• a ba rr i er crea ted by th e

noise
c om mu nic ator ’s physi c al c o nd i ti on .
• U su a ll y, physic a l illn es s a nd w e a kn es s
prod uc e physic al noi se an d t h is n o is e
obst ac le to effec tive co m mun i ca ti o n.

EX: deafness, blindness, headache, hunger

psychological noise
• includes internal distractions based on feelings
or thoughts.
• consists of distractions to a speaker’s message
caused by a receiver’s internal thoughts

EX: daydreaming, sarcasm, wandering

sem a n tic n o i se
• a c o m mu n i c a ti o n ba rri e r ca use d by
mis u nd e rst a n d i n g s a bout t he mea ning
of w ords. It re su l ts fro m comple x,
t ec h n i c a l, a ut o c h thonous, or
gra mm a t ic a l c o m muni ca ti on e rrors

EX: slang, jargons, ungrammatically corrrect, not enough/too

much information, wrong spelling
Functions of
COMMUNIC
•
•
In fo rm
In sp ire
ATION
• B uy • R e ve al
• Ac c ept
• Underst a nd
• Counsel • C onfirm • Affi rm
• Sell • Advi se • C la rify
• C l a ri fy • Te a ch • M oti vat
• • Le arn e
Q u e st io n • Persua de • C ri t ic iz
• E x p re s s e