ACTIVITY ENVIRONMENT LOCATION SERVICES STANDARDS FURNITURE

SPACE

1. The size is in
WAITING ROOM accordance
with the
number and
frequency of
visits to the
treatment
rooms,
depending on
the
specialization
of the doctor.

2. RECEPTION The staff here Appointment

must be able to planning and
oversee the recording of
waiting room and services
the entrance, and
the connection to
the medical area
should be as short
as possible.

3. visually and establishing case 12-16 m2 (FOR desk with PC

CONSULTATION acoustically history, 1 PATIENT) workstation, at least
ROOM enclosed room consultation, study two chairs and an X-
of diagnostic ray display.
findings,
development of
therapy plans and
protocols.

4. Better is a GREATER THAN The minimum

EXAMINATION generous OR EQUAL TO furnishing would be a
AND reception with 20 m2 chair and couch for
TREATMENT daylight and desks the patient, revolving
ROOMS (equipped with The size of stool, workbench with
PCs) with direct other specific basin and instrument
access to patient examination table.
files. and treatment
rooms (X-ray, Washbasins with
taking blood additional disinfectant
samples, dispensers are to be
various provided in all rooms
therapies) with patient contact
depends on the and treatment.
required
specialist
instruments,
apparatus and
storage room
plus integrated
changing room
(1.5 m2).
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TREATMENT ROOM
ACTIVITY SPACE ENVIRO LOCATION SERVICES STANDARD ADDITIONAL ROOMS/ FURNITURE REMAR
NMENT S ETC. KS

A) ADMISSION The accident and The department consists of a row of Storage

AND emergency unit small examination and treatment places
EMERGENCY must be quickly rooms (16-21 m2 ), equipped with a for at
PROVISION reached by couch, small operating light, least
accident patients cupboard units with sink and two
(on stretchers) via possibly patient cubicles. stretche
the ambulance rs and
hall (clear access a plaster room with plastering for
road height= min. bench and a first-aid room for wheelc
3.50 m) and by treating shock hairs
ambulant patients should
from the main surgery rooms (similar to operating be
entrance. theatres) should be available. provide
d in the
A good location The X-ray department should be ambula
for this nearby. nce hall.
department is the
opposite side to
the main
entrance.

B) CLINICAL These clinical This term medical superintendent's room

MEDIACAL medical service describes all with office support, a senior
SERVICE rooms form the the doctor's room and an examination
core of the management room with waiting area and toilets.
outpatient zone rooms of the
on the ground individual
floor of the specialist
hospital. departments
/clinics.

C) GENERAL Ophthalmol Treatment Treatment room (25 m2) with slit

MEDICINE ogy: room (25 lamp, capable of being darkened;
(INTERNAL m2) squint treatment room; laser room.
MEDICINE)

Ear, nose The The treatment room (25-30 m2) has Urologic
and throat: treatment a table for endoscopic examinations al
room (25- and is equipped with suspended treatme
30 m2) irrigator and floor drainage. Next nt is
door is an instrument room with connect
sink. ed with
X-ray
diagnosi
s.

D) FUNCTIONAL All examination heart/thorax

DIAGNOSIS rooms must be examinations
accessible through and heart-
patient cabins, lung and
possibly also circulation
preparation rooms functions.
(for left heart
catheter
measurement).
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E) ENDOSCOPY An endoscope (beds = no. of WCs should be

is a mirror endoscopy provided for
instrument rooms x 2) . the patients
used to before entering.
illuminate and
observe cavities This
inside the body. department
should have a
bedded waiting
area and rest
room

F) LABORATORY Quick preparation and The laboratory Laboratory

MEDICINE connection to processing of should be a areas can also
other blood, urine large room with be completely
departments is and stool standing and off-site and
provided by a samples sitting serve several
pneumatic workstations hospitals.
delivery system.
Specialist
laboratories are
added on as
separate
rooms.

Subsidiary
rooms include
rest room for
staff, rinsing
room, sluice
room,
disinfection
room, cold
room.

G) PATHOLOGY Separate access rooms for

for relatives and storage of
the shortest bodies,
possible road dissection,
access for refrigeration of
undertakers are bodies, laying
important. This out, placing into
department coffins, coffin
should not be in storage and
the vicinity of changing rooms
the service for the
yard. pathologists.
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H) Radiology it should be ionizing Sonography, A connecting The access for patients

near the radiation is mammography room for staff, should be through two
outpatients applied for and jaw which also serves changing cubicles for
department diagnostic radioscopy need as store, dictation each radioscopy room
and the and room sizes of room and possibly and a wide (1.25 m)
ambulance therapeutic approx. 15-18 m2, as switch room, is door for beds is also
approach purposes. radioscopy and advantageous necessary
road. exposure rooms
approx. 20-30 m2 WCs for Between the switch
The heavy gastroscopy, room and the
weight of the wide (1.25 m) colonoscopy and exposure room is a
equipment door for beds contrast medium door and a clear
(up to approx. patients should be window.
14 t) means The exposure attached to the
that this room for radioscopy rooms. The walls and ceilings
department is computer are protected with
better located tomography must Angiography lead inserts (e.g. in
on the ground have dimensions rooms require a plasterboard walls).
or first of approx. 35 m2 preparation room
basement. with cupboard The lead equivalent
units (sink, values in walls and
pharmaceutical ceilings depend on the
refrigerator). X-ray equipment and
its manufacturer, with
An additional whom early
room for collaboration is
switching cabinets essential.
and a room for
film development
are also sensible.

I) OPERATING Surgical The following The design should

DEPARTMENT departments rooms or room include a short
are best zones belong in distance to the
placed every operating intensive care
centrally and department: unit, recovery
with easy -operating room and central
accessibility in theatre, sterile store,
the core of preparation, because rapid
the hospital. transfer, scrub access between
room, sterile these
goods store, with departments must
a total area of always be
approx. 80m2• ensured.
ACTIVITY ENVIR LOCATION SER STANDARDS ADDITIONAL REMARKS
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OT should be square as The basic equipment The doors to the

possible to enable proper includes an adjustable and operating theatre
working with the operating transportable operating operate
table (size approx. 6.50 x 6.50 table system mounted on automatically.
m) turned in any direction. a fixed plinth in the centre
of the operating theatre.
The clear ceiling height must be
3.00 m with a space above the
ceiling of approx. 70-80 cm for
air conditioning and other
services.

J) In exceptional cases a The fixtures should Two-corridor

ROUTEING preparation room is sensible. include refrigerator, sink, systems are better,
The size is approx. 3.80 x 3.80 rinsing unit, cupboard for with the patients
m cannulas, sockets for and staff or patients
anaesthetic equipment and dirty goods
Electrical sliding doors on the and emergency power separated. The
side toward the operating supply. separation of the
theatre, with 1.40 m clear flow of patients
opening width and clear from the work area
windows, which should provide of the operating
a connection to the operating theatre is
theatre. There should be a sink. important.

Likewise, a transfer
room is advisable
There is a sliding door to the only in exceptional
working corridor with a clear cases. It is equipped
width of 1.25 m like the preparation
room

A scrub room with

at least six places
should be provided
in the immediate
The minimum width of the vicinity of the
room should be 1.80 m. operating theatre

One sterile goods

room is required
directly approx. 10-15 m2 per operating
accessible theatre,
from the large central sterile
operating goods store can also
theatre. be provided.

size 20 m2 The equipment

room should not be
too far from the
operating theatre;
The operating In addition to a
theatres control desk, there should
centre should be be cupboards and
centrally located a pin-board for
and have a large organisational
area of glass from planning
which to oversee
the working
corridor.

approx. 6 Dictation rooms can be provided as

m2 small room units, as the surgeons need
this room only for reports after
operations

cleaning room should be there in

every operating department, because
cleaning and disinfection is performed
after each operation

Near the control

lobby for patients, 5 m2
sufficient space
should be provided
for clean, prepared
beds, one clean bed
per operation

Toilet facilities
should not be
located near the
patients' control
lobbies, and are to
be avoided in the
operating area for
hygienic reasons

The operating department includes

staff and patient control lobbies,
instrument preparation, waste
disposal control lobbies, supply
control lobbies, storage space for
operating trolleys and also, in the
direct vicinity, the recovery room.
Integrated into the patient control
lobby are the functions bed transfer,
preparation of the operating table
and storage for operating tables.
A replacement power supply is
necessary for operating departments
to ensure the continuance and
completion of operations in case of a
mains failure.
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K) Post- The recovery There should be The number of The recovery

operative room should be a nurse's beds required is room has to
patient designed as a observation thus 1.5 times accept post-op
monitoring large, suitably point with a the number of patients from
arranged space. view of all beds theatres. several
and a dirty theatres.
room next door.

has a dirty side has a dirty side The equipment

for unsterile for unsterile preparation
(infected) (infected) room for
material and a material and a anaesthetic
clean side for clean side for devices.
devices devices
prepared for prepared for
use. The fittings use. The fittings
include sink, include sink,
storage and storage and
worktop space, worktop space,
and steam and steam
sterilisers sterilisers

A plaster room
with plastering
bench also
belongs in the
operating suite,
particularly
where many
surgical-
orthopaedic
operations are
carried out.
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ACTIVITY ENVIRON LOCATION SERVICES STANDARDS FUR REMARKS
SPACE MENT NIT
URE

5. BED 42 m2 (usable area

per bed = new
hospitals intended for
regular provision)

200-280 m2 per bed

(gross built volume)

6. BUILDING 1:500
PLAN SCALE

7. STRUCTURAL 7.20 m or 7.80 m Reinforced concrete slabs should

GRIDS/ (column spacing) be designed without downstand
COLUMNS have proved beams in order to simplify the
successful in practice. routeing of the service
installations.
3.60 m x 7.20 m
smaller grids also
possible

8. STRUCTURE, have different lifetimes.

WALLS,
FITTINGS AND The structure should if possible be
FINISHINGS framed in order to keep the
construction of the walls and
partitions flexible

Medical equipment is replaced

after approx. 5-10 years according
to department and depreciation,
which can have significant effect on
the spatial arrangements (e.g.
linear accelerators, MRI scanners)

The possible installation and

removal of such equipment
without disrupting the load-
bearing structure should be taken
into account in the design.
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9. TREATMENT AND East-west rooms in contrast have deeper

ORIENTATI OPERATIONAL ROOMS - summer sun penetration but little winter sun.
ON between north-west and
north-east.

FRONTS OF PATIENT
ROOMS - south-east or
south-west (pleasant
morning sun, little heat
build-up, few sun
protection measures
necessary and
temperate evenings)

10. floors' height The form of the building is determined to a

BUILDING requirement considerable extent by the selection of
FORMS s– access and routeing.

care area A decision should be reached at an early

approx. 3.40 stage whether a design with a main corridor
m (less (spine) and branches (transverse corridors) is
construction chosen or whether circulation will be radially
= flat slab outwards from a cruciform core.
with floor
structure = The vertical section of a hospital should be
35 cm = 3.05 designed so that the functions care,
m clear examination and treatment, supply and
height) waste disposal, delivery of patients on
stretchers, service yard, storage,
examination administration and clinical medical service
and can be laid out separately and reached
treatment quickly.
height
approx. 4.20 An example of a vertical structure: -top floor:
m helipad, air conditioning plant - 2nd-3rd
floors: care wards - 1st floor: operating
supply and theatre area, central sterilisation, intensive
waste care, maternity, nursing mothers, children's
disposal and ward - ground floor: entrance and
services information, radiology, clinical medical
approx. service, outpatients, delivery of stretcher
height 4.20- patients, emergency cases, administration,
5.00 m. cafeteria - basement: archive, physiotherapy,
linear accelerator, radiation therapy,
laboratory, kitchen with service yard
ACTIVITY ENVIR LO SERVICES STANDARDS
SPACE ONME CAT
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11. Generally accessible
CORRIDO corridors - 1.50 m wide
RS
In which patients are
transported on beds - 2.25
m wide
suspended ceiling in
corridors can be lowered
down to a height of 2.40 m
in order to provide room
for service runs.
Windows for lighting and
ventilation should not be
wider than 25 m apart.
12. clear opening height of
DOORS doors is according to type
and function:
-standard door
(unfinished): 885 x 2135
mm
-doors through which beds
pass: 1260-1375 x 2135
mm
- -corridor doors, double:
-2400 x 2400 mm
13. The usable width of
STAIRS emergency stairs and their
landings must be at least
1.50 m and not more than
2.50 m.
Risers of 17 cm are
permissible and treads of
30 cm are recommended.
14. LIFTS Lifts A multi-purpose lift for
transport beds, ambulant patients
patients, and visitors should be
staff and provided for every 100 beds
also all
supplies Additionally, there should
and be suitably located smaller
FURN REMARKS
ITUR
E
use of special fire protection ceilings in order to
secure escape routes.
Fire protection requirements must be observed.
Internal corridors should be avoided because
these have to be mechanically smoke extracted.
usable width of corridors should not be narrowed
by installations, columns or other building
elements.
The construction and quality of room doors must
meet the requirements of sound reduction and
fire protection, and the surface cladding must
resist long-term cleaning and disinfection.
In firewalls, T90 doors (held open) should be
installed in order not to obstruct traffic.
stairs must be built so that they can accept the
entire vertical traffic in case of need.
prevent sound and odour transfer and prevent
draughts.
Stairs must have handrails without free ends on
both sides.
Spiral stairs are not permissible as emergency
stairs.
Door leaves must not restrict the usable width of
the stair landings
Doors to the stairwells must open in the direction
of the escape route not inwards.
A separation of use should be established for
hygienic and aesthetic reasons.
The cars of bed lifts require sufficient space for a
bed and two accompanying people
The internal surfaces of the lift car must be flat,
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15. Hospitals are laid out The individual The examination and
OPERATIONAL according to operational departments in treatment area is,
AREAS areas and operational the besides care, the most
departments: - examination important within the
and treatment overall organization of
-examination and area are a hospital
treatment preferably
-care situated in the
- administration basement, or
-social services – on the ground
-education and research floor and first
--other floor, with
outpatient
attendance
concentrated in
the ground
floor.
ACTIVITY ENVI LOCATIO SERVICES STANDARDS FURNITURE REMARKS
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16. There Facilities for The number A separation of the routeing of

OUTPATIEN must, outpatient of outpatients and inpatients should
T however, treatment are outpatients be included in the design work at
FACILITIES always be visited daily or attending an early stage.
a rapid consulted many depends on
connectio times, according the size of, The increasing significance of
n to the X- to an and the outpatient (day) surgery should
ray appointment specialist also be considered (larger waiting
departme schedule, by departments rooms, more outpatient rooms).
nt. patients capable in, a
of walking. particular
hospital.

17. In the One surgical Outpatient (or day) surgery

OUTPATIEN hospital, department which departments can be added to
T SURGERY the concentrates on existing hospitals, integrated into
departme elective outpatient the surgical department or set up
nt should treatment, has a as independent clinics.
be near 'modern' room
the main arrangement with A clear guidance and signposting
entrance smaller operating system and friendly, confidence-
and the theatres (approx. 30 boosting ambience are
emergenc m2), a multi- particularly recommended.
y care functional
departme preparation room,
nt smaller washrooms
for two operating
theatres, one
recovery room with
five places, and a
quiet zone. There
are no purely
preparation and
post-op rooms,
storerooms or
classic access
control lobbies for
patients.

18. This is a Inpatient care and therapy of

OUTPATIEN separate patients with infectious diseases,
T MEDICAL establishment chronic illnesses, serious
CENTRE associated with complications after an operation
a hospital for etc. are not provided here, so the
the treatment stringency of the hospital building
of patients on regulations can be partially
an outpatient or relaxed
short-stay basis;
the room and The technical medical equipment
organizational can be reduced and the room
structure differ furnishing can be designed rather
considerably more generously regarding
from inpatient hygiene (e.g. carpets, parquet).
hospital
treatment Economy savings in terms of the
quantity and quality of ventilation
equipment, anaesthetic
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