CORRECTION

THE 4 PILLAR OF CRIMIINAL JUSTICE

TH

SYSTEM
 CORRECTION
CORRECTION
- It is the branch of the
Criminal Justice System
concern with the
custody, supervision and
rehabilitation of criminal
offenders.
PURPOSES OF CORRECTION
✓ TO GIVE PUNISHMENT (Penalty)
✓ TO REHABILITATE THE OFFENDER
✓ ISOLATION
✓ REINTEGRATION
✓ DETERRENCE
GOAL OF CORRECTIONAL
TREATMENT
1. To Reform
2. To Rehabilitate
3. To Reintegrate
THREE (3) DEPARTMENTS THAT COMPOSED
THE PHILIPPINE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM

1. Department of Justice (DOJ)

2. Department of Interior and Local
Government (DILG)
3. Department of Social Welfare and
Development ( DSWD)
 AGENCIES UNDER THE DOJ
INVOLVED IN CORRECTIONAL
ADMINISTRATION
1. BUREAU OF CORRECTION ( BUCOR)
- BUREAU OF CORRECTION is charged with custody and
rehabilitation of national offenders, that is, those sentenced to
serve a term of imprisonment of more than three (3) years.
- Bureau of Prisons was renamed Bureau of Corrections under the
Executive order No. 292 passed during the Aquino Administration.- The
head of the BUCOR is the Director of the Prisons who is appointed by
the President with the confirmation of the Commission on
Appointments.
 COVERAGE OF THE BUCOR
A. The New Bilibid Prison ( Muntinlupa City )maximum
security

- The New Bilibid Prison (NBP) in Muntinlupa, Metro Manila is

the main insular penitentiary designed to house the prison
population of the Philippines.- It is maintained by the Bureau
of Corrections (BuCor) under the Department of Justice. As of
November 2021, the NBP housed 28,545 inmates, which
exceeds its ideal capacity of 6,435.
- In 1940, the Commonwealth government transferred prisoners to the NBP
from the Old Bilibid Prison in "Correctional Jail and Military Prison" in Manila.
The remnants of the old facility were repurposed by the City of Manila as its
own detention center, known today as Manila City Jail that exchange to
Muntinlupa property
.l composed of 552 Hectare with the Bureau of Prisons lot
in Manila. Muntinlupa site was orginally intended as a site for the Boys
Training School.

- New Bilibid Prison is offers a High School

course which was established in 1956 for
Prisoners. College education is also available
in partnership with Philippine Normal
University (PNU).
New Bilibid Prison Operates
Two (2) Satellite Units

1. Camp Bukang Liwayway -Houses

Minimum Security Prisoners

2. Camp Sampaguita - Institution found in

the following;
•Houses Medium Security Prisoners
• Youth Rehabilitation Center and
• Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC)
B. Correctional Institution for Women (CIW)
(Mandaluyong City)

- Establish in 1931 under Act 3579

- 18 hectares in Madaluyong City
- Female Prison are originally confined in old
bilibid Prison
- The only Penal Institution for female Prisoners
- Offers Vocational courses like Dress
making,Beauty Parlor,Handicraft,Cloth weaving
and Slipper Making
- A position for Female Superintendent was
created in 1934
C. Prison and Penal Farms
1.Sablayan Prison and Penal farm
(Occidental Mindoro)

- Establish in 1954 under

Presidential Proclamation No.72
due to the tremendous increase of
population in the New Bilibid Prison

- 16,000 hectares at the virgin land in

Sablayan ,Occidental Mindoro
2.Iwahig Prison and Penal farm(Puerto
Princesa City,Palawan)
- Established originally for incorrigibles by Governor forbes
- The first Contingent of Prisoners from the Bilibid Prison confined
in iwahig revolted against the authorities
- In Nov. 1 ,1905 under the Act 1407 it was converted from
institution from incorrigible for a prison to well behaved
- Iwahig Prison and Penal farms no walls, only mutual trust and
confidence between the wards and Prison authorities keep them
together

- It is one of the best Penal Institution in the world - Land area

36,000 hectares
- Divided into the four (4) sub - colonies namely;
1. Sta Lucia
2. Inagawan
3.Montible
4.Central sub colony
-It administer the TAGUMPAY SETTLEMENT
composed of 1,000 hectares land divided into the
six (6) hectares distributed to released inmates
who desire to live in the settlement
-One of the important features of iwahig is the
privilege granted to the colonist to have a their
family to live with them in the Penal farm.
- The principal products is rice, corn, logs,minor
forest product and cattle.
3.Davao Prison and Penal farm (Panabo, Central Davao)
• Estabished on Jan. 21, 1932 under Act 3732 and
Proclamation No. 414 series of 1931
- The first Contingent of Prisoner that opened the colony was
led by General Paulino Santos ,its founder and then the
director of Prisons
- consist of 18,000 hectares mostly devoted to abaca
- 1942 used as concentration camp for American prisoners of
war
- destroyed by japan during the war
- August 1946 re- established
- main source of income of the BuCOr from its vast
abaca ,rice and agricultural products
- engaged in a jointly venture with Tagum Development
Company in a 3,000 hectares of Banana Plantation.
4.San Ramon Prison and Penal farm ( Zamboanga)

- Established by the Spaniard in 1869 for

the confinement of political offenders
- named after its founder Capt. Ramon
Blanco of the Spanish royal Army

- Dr.Jose Rizal was among the Prisoner

Before
- 1,546 hectares
- main product is copra one of the biggest
source income of the BuCor
- also producing rice, corn ,coffee and
cattle
5. Leyte Regional Prison (Abuyog,Leyte)
- It was built to receive, confine, secure and rehabilitate
convicted criminals classified as national prisoners
whose sentence range from (3) years and one (1) day
imprisonment or above. Most prisoners came from Region
VIII comprising the provinces in the islands of Samar,
Leyte and Biliran.

- Prisoners within the prison compound are usually

engaged in handicraft while those who are living-out
prisoners are engaged Infarming and also in handicrafts
making.
2. BOARD OF PARDONS AND PAROLE
-Administrative arm of the President in the
exercise of his constitutional power to Grant
Executive Clemency .
- Administer the Parole System of the country

-The Board of Pardons and

Paroles releases prisoners on parole and
recommends the grant of presidential
pardons. 
3. PROBATION AND PAROLE ADMINISTRATION

-Probation Administration was created by the virtue of

PD. No. 968 under " Probation Law of 1976" to
administer probation system.
- later on under Executive Order No. 292 " The
Administer Code of 1987" proclamation in Nov. 23, 1989
was rename to " Parole and Probation Administration".
- Responsible for providing a less costly
alternative to imprisonment of the first time
offender who are likely response to the
individualized community based treatment
program.
 AGENCIES UNDER THE DILG INVOLVED IN
CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION
•Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
( BJMP)
- which are exclusively exercises the supervision and
control the over all City ,Municipal and District Jails
throughout the country.
-those sentenced to serve a term of imprisonment of
one day and three years below.
The Enactment of Republic Act No. 6975 created the
BJMP.
-Its operates as line bureau under the Department of
the Interior and Local Government (DILG)
• Provincial Government

- which supervise and control

their respective Provincial
Jails.
 AGENCIES UNDER THE DSWD
INVOLVED IN CORRECTIONAL
ADMINISTRATION

• Juvenile Justice and Welfare

Council
 KINDS OF CORRECTION

• INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

• NON INSTITUTIONAL
CORRECTION

• THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES
 INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

- Rehabilitation of offender in Jail or Prison

1. The National Prison and Penal farm (Bucor) under

of DOJ

2. The Provincial and Sub Provincial jails (Provincial

jail) under Provincial government

3. The City ,Municipal and District Jail (Bjmp) under

DILG
 NON INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION
- It refers to the correctional activities that may take
place within the community or method correcting
sentenced offenders without having to go to the prison .

1. Board of Pardons and Parole

2. Probation and Parole Administration

3. Juvenile justice and welfare council

 CORRECTIONAL CENTER

a. REHABILITATIONS CENTER FOR THE

YOUTH OFFENDERS

- whose ages ranges from 9 to 18 years of age. To be committed

to the care of the DSWD

b. DRUG ADDICT REHABILITATION CENTERS

- These center has been established for the treatment of drug
dependents. The existing treatment and rehabilitation center is
operated and maintained by the NBI at tagaytay city and being
funded by the board.
 CORRECTION REHABILITATION
AND TREATMENT PROGRAM

Rehabilitation program of prisoners can be

carried out through the process of
classification,custody and control of prisoners.

a. Moral and Spiritual Program

b. Education and Training Program
c. Work and Livelihood Program
d. Sports and Recreation Program
e. Health and Welfare Program
f. Religious Program
g. Therapeutic Community Service
WHAT IS PENOLOGY

- Study of control and prevention of crime through punishment

of criminal offenders

- It comes from the latin word "Poena" means punishment and

suffering

WHAT IS PUNISHMENT
- Is the penalty imposed for transgression of law. - It refers
to any ill suffered influcted in consequences of wrong
doing.
 WHAT IS JAIL?

- Jail is a place for looking up of person who are

convicted of minor offense or felonies who are
to serve a short sentence imposed upon them
by a competent court, or for confinement of
person who are awaiting trial or investigation of
their cases.
Importance of Jail

1. It serves as a deterrent to
would be criminal offender

2. It enables the wrong doer to be

reformed and rehabilitated

3. To prevent crimes
 Dual role of Jail
•As a place of detention for those awaiting
final disposition of criminal action for the
service of short sentence or not more than;

a. Six months for those categorized as City

Municipal prisoners

b. Not more than 3 years or with a fine or

not more than 1,000 pesos for those
categorized as provincial prisoners
 Types of jails
1. Locked -up Jails - is a security facility, common to police
station,use for temporary confinement of an individual held for
investigation

2. Ordinary Jails - is a type of jail commonly used to detaine

convicted criminal offender to serve sentence less than three (3)
years.

3. Workhouses, Jail Farm or Camp - a facility that houses

minimum custody offenders who are serving short sentence or
those who are undergoing constructive work programs. It provides
full employment of prisoner, remedial service nd constructive
leisure time activities.
 WHAT IS PRISON?

- It is a houses prisoners,who by reason of

their sentence may be deprived of liberty for
more than 3 years. It is administered by the
state or national government.

- It is an institution for incarceration of person

convicted of major or serious crime.
 CATEGORIES OF OFFENDERS

1. DETAINEES

2. PRISONERS
 THREE (3) TYPES OF DETAINEES
ARE THOSE;

1. Undergoing investigation
(lockup)

2. Awaiting or Undergoing
trial

3. Awaiting for final judge

 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
1. Municipal Prisoners- One who is sentenced to a prison
term of one day to six months.
- jails are administered supervise and control of (BJMP)

2. City Prisoners - One who is sentenced to a prison

term of one day to three years.
-jails are administered supervise and control of (BJMP)

3. Provincial Prisoners- One who is sentenced to

a prison term of six months and one day to three years.
- jails supervised and control of provincial government
within its jurisdiction.

4. Insular or National Prioners- One who is

a sentenced to a prison term of three years and one
day to death.
 GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS

1. Detention Prisoners - those detained for investigation,

preliminary hearing or awaiting trial.
-A detainee in a lock up jail - They are prisoner under the
jurisdiction of courts

2. Sentenced Prisoners - offender who are commited to the jail or

prison in order to serve their sentence after final conviction by a
competent court.
- They are prisoner under the jurisdiction of penal institution

3.Prisoners who are in Safekeeping – includes non criminal

offender who are detained in order to protect the community
against their harmful behavior .ex. Mentally deranged
individuals ,insane person.
 CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF SECURITY

1. Minimum security Prisoners- A group of

prisoners who can be reasonably trusted to serve
sentence under" open conditions".- This group
includes prisoners who can be trusted to report
their work assignment without the presence of
guard.

- They occupy the minimum security prison in (camp

bukang liwayway ) wear a brown colors of uniform
2. Medium Security Prisoners - Those who cannot be trusted
to open condition and pose lesser danger than maximum security
prisoners in case they escape- It consist of group of prisoners who
allowed to work outside the fence or walls of the penal institution under
the guards or with escorts.
-They occupy maximum security prison (Camp Sampaguita) and they
wear blue color of uniforms.
-Generally they employed as agricultural workers - those minimum
sentence is less than 20 years and life- sentenced prisoners who served
atleast 10 years inside the a maximum security prison.

3. Maximum Security Prisoners- The group of

prisoners whose escape could be dangerous to the public or to
the security of state- it consist of constant troublemakers but not
as dangerous as super maximum security prisoners .
- Their movement are restricted and they are not allowed to work
outside the institution but rather assigned to industrial shops
with in the prison compound
-They are confined at New Bilibid Prison,Main building) -
wear the color orange of uniform
- Prisoners sentenced to serve 20 years or more ,or those
whose sentenced are under the review of the Supreme
Court and the offenders who are criminally insane having a
severe personality or emotional disorder that makes the
dangerous to fellow offender or staff members.

4. Super Maximum Security Prisoners- A

special group of prisoners composed of
incorrigible ,intractable, and highly dangerous
persons who are the source of constant
disturbances even in maximum security prison

-They wear orange color of uniform- composed 2%

of New Bilibid Prison (NBP)
 FORM OF CLEMENCIES

• Judicial Clemency - (Court) ex.Probation

• Executive Clemency - (President )ex. Reprieve,

Absolute ,Conditional Pardon and Commutation of
sentence, Amnesty.

• Legislative Clemency - legislature enacting a law

descriminalizing the act or omission perviously
punishable by law
 FORM OF PUNISHMENT
• Death Penalty - Capital Punishment

• Imprisonment - Legal process of confining the offenders for the purpose

protecting the public and the same time rehabilating them while undergo
institutional treatment program

• Destierro (Banishement / exile) - The penalty of banishing a person from

where committed a crime ,prohibiting him to get near or enter the 25 km

• Fine or Compensation- If a person is given a Compensation Order, they

money to the court, and it will be passed on to the person in whose favou
made.

• Civic duties- obeying the laws of the country, paying the taxes levied by
 DURATION OF PENALTIES
• Arresto Menor - Imprisonment of 1 day to 30 days

• Arresto Mayor - Imprisonment of 1 month and

1 day to 6 months
• Prison Correctional - Imprisonment of 6 months and
1 day to 6 years ; suspension and destierro
• Prison Mayor - Imprisonment of 6 years and to 1
day to 12 years ; temporary disqualification
• Reclusion Temporal - Imprisonment of
12 years and to 1 day to 20 years

• Reclusion Perpetua - Imprisonment of more than 20

years ;maximum imprisonment is 30 years ; the
prisoner (convict ) may apply for executive clemency
( pardon) unless he is disqualified by law.
THANK
YOU!!!
 20 ITEMS
FOR QUIZ
QUESTIONS
I. IDENTIFICATION
1. It is the branch of criminal justice system concer the custody, supervision
and rehabilitation of criminal offenders
2. It is a security facility,common to police station use for temporary
confinement of an individual held for investigation.
3. Offender who are commited to the jail or prison in order to serve their
sentence after final conviction by a competent court.
4. A group of prisoners who can be reasonably trusted to serve sentence
under "Open conditions". It is wear a brown colors of uniform.
5. It is imprisonment of more than 20 years, maximum prisoners is 30 years.
II. Enumeration

6-8 (enumerate the three types of detainee’s)

9-10 ( CATEGORIES OF OFFENDES)
11-13 ( 3 GOAL OF CORRECTIONAL TREATMENT)
14-16 ( AGENCIES UNDER THE DOJ INVOLVED IN
CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION)
III. MULTIPLE CHOICE

17. Which are exclusively exercise the supervision and control to over all City, Municipal
and Distric jail throughout the country.
a. Bureau of Correction (BuCor)
b.Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)
c. Department of Interior and Local Government ( DILG)
d. Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
18. Those detained for investigation, preliminary hearing or waiting trial?
b. Detention Prisoners
b. Prisoners who are in safekeeping
c. Sentenced Prisoners
IV: FILL IN THE BLANK

19. Penology is comes from the latin word

"Poena " which means ____ and _____?
20.Ordinary jails is a type of jails commonly
used to detaine convicted criminal offender to
serve sentence _____ three (3) years?
ANSWER:
I. IDENTIFICATION
1. Correction
2. Lock up jails
3. Sentenced Prisoner/s
4. Minimum Security Prisoners
5. Reclusion Perpetua

II.ENUMERATION
6-8 Undergoing investigations ,Awaiting or undergoing a trial and A waiting for final judge
9-10 Detainee's and Prisoners
11-13 To reform ,To rehabilitate and To Reintegrate
14-16 : Bureau of correction ( BuCor)
:Board of Pardons and Parole
:Probation and Parole Administration
IV: FILL IN THE BLANK

17. B
18. A
19. punishment and suffering
20. less than