The Philippines is one of the many countries that were under the influence of

Roman law. Eventually, the Spanish Civil Code became effective in the
Philippines on December 7, 1889, the “Conquistadores”. The “Kodigo Penal”
(now Revised Penal Code) was also introduced promulgated by the king of
Spain. Basically, these laws adopted Roman law principles. Mostly tribal
traditions, customs, and practices influence laws during the pre-Spanish
Philippines. There were also laws that were written which include the Code of
Kalantiao(1433), the most extensive and severe law that prescribes harsh
punishment, and the Maragtas Code (1250)- by Datu Sumakwel.
EARLY PRISONS IN THE PHILIPPINES

 In 1847, the first Bilibid Prison was constructed and became the central
place of confinement for Filipino prisoners by virtue of the Royal decree
of the Spanish crown.
 In 1936, the city of Manila exchanges its Muntinlupa property with the
Bureau of Prisons originally intended as a site for boys training City Jail,
famous as the “Mayhaligue State”. And the oldest Prison in the
Philippines is the Fort Santiago in Manila.

THE BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS

 Bureau of Prison was renamed Bureau of Corrections under Executive

Order 292 passed during the Aquino Administration. It states that the
head of the Bureau of Corrections is the Director of Prisons who is
appointed by the President of the Philippines with the confirmation of
the Commission of Appointments.
 The Bureau of Corrections has general supervision and control of all
national and provincial prisons or penitentiaries. It is charged with the
safekeeping of all Insular Prisoners confined therein or committed to the
custody of the Bureau.

COVERAGE OF THE BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS

1. NATIONAL BILIBID PRISONS (Muntinlupa, Rizal)

o New Bilibid Prisons (main building)
o Camp Sampaguita
o Camp Bukang Liwayway
2. Reception and Diagnostic Center
3. Correctional Institution for Women (Mandaluyong)
4. The Penal Colonies
 o Sablayan Penal Colony and Farm (San Jose, Occidental Mindoro)
o Iwahig Penal Colony and Farm (Palawan)
o Davao Penal Colony and Farm (Central Davao)
o San Ramon Penal Colony and Farm (Zamboanga City)
o Ilo-Ilo Penal Colony and Farm (Ilo-Ilo Province)
o Leyte Regional Prison (Abuyog, Southern Leyte

San Ramon Penal Colony and Farm

Correctional Institution for Women
(oldest penal facility)
 Date: November 27, 1929
(authorization of the transfer of
 Date: August 21, 1870
women prisoner)
 Personality: Governor-General
 February 14, 1931
Ramon Blanco (founder)
(physical transfer from Old
 Location: San Ramon Barangay
Bilibid Prison to Correctional
Talisayan, Zamboanga City
Institution for women)
 Land Mass: 1, 524.6 hectares
 Law: Republic Act No. 3579
 Purpose: to house political
 Location: Mandaluyong, Rizal
offenders (non-conformist) and
 Land Mass: 18 hectares
separate Islamic citizen
 Old name: Women’s Prison
 Principal product: Copra
(inside the Old Bilibid Prison)

Iwahig Penal Colony and Farm Davao Penal Colony Farm

(best open institution in the world)  Date: January 21, 1932

 Date: November 16, 1904
 Personality: under the
suggestion of Gov. Luke Wright
 Location: Puerto Princesa,
Palawan
 Land Mass: 36, 000 hectares
 Old name: Iuhit Penal Colony
and Farm
 Sub-colonies: Central Sub-
Colony, Inagawan, Montible, St.
Lucia (under the management of
penal supervisors)
 Features: Tagumpay Settlement
(1000 hectares; 6
hectares/person), minimum
 Law: Act No. 3732 and
Proclamation Np. 414
 Personality: General Paulino
Santos (founder and Director of
the Bureau of Prisons during the
establishment)
 Location: Tagum, Davao Del
Norte
 Land Mass: approximately
30,000 hectares
 Sub-colonies: Kapalong and
Panabo
 Features: Tagum Development
Center (Banana Plantation),
Tanglaw settlement, a greater
 portion of the prison population
houses medium-security
security prisoners
prisoners, and ABACA (principal
product)

Leyte Penal Colony and Farm

Sablayan Penal Colony and Farm
(youngest penal colony and farm)
 Date: September 26/27, 1954
 Law: Proclamation No. 72
 Date: January 16, 1973
 Location: Occidental Mindoro
 Law: authorized under
 Land Mass: approximately 16,
Proclamation no. 1101 and
000 hectares
established by PD. No. 28
 Purpose: Decongestion of the
 Location: Abuyog, Leyte
NBP
 Purpose: The prison admits
 Features: Rice is the principal
convicted offenders from region
product, houses minimum-
VI and from the national
security prisoners
penitentiary in Muntinlupa.

THE RECEPTION AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTER (RDC)

 This is a special unit of prison (Camp Sampaguita) there new prisoners

undergo diagnostic examination, study, and observation for the purpose
of determining the programs of treatment and training best to their
needs and the institution to which they should be transferred.

COMPOSITION OF RDC:

1. Psychiatrist- examine prisoners' mental and emotional make-up.

2. Psychologist- responsible for the character and behavior of the
3. Sociologist- study social case situation of the individual
4. Educational Counselor
5. Vocational Counselor- test prisoner’s special abilities and
6. Chaplain
7. Medical Officer
8. Custodial-Correctional Officer- recommends the transfer and type of
custody of

QUARANTINE CELL OR UNIT

 This may be a unit of the prison or a section of the RDC where the
prisoner is given a thorough physical examination including a blood test,
 x-rays, vaccination, and immunity. This is for the purpose of ensuring
that the prisoner is not suffering from any contagious disease, which
might be transferred to the prison population.

THE ADMISSION PROCEDURES IN PRISON

1. RECEIVING- the new prisoner is received at the RDC. The new

prisoner usually from provincial or city jail where he was immediately
committed upon conviction by the court and escorted by the escort
platoon during his transfer to the National Bilibid
2. CHECKING OF COMMITMENT PAPERS- the receiving officer checks
the commitment papers if they are in To make sure that it contains the
signature of the judge or the signature of the clerk of court and the seal
of the court.
3. IDENTIFICATION- the prisoner’s identity is established through the
picture and fingerprint appearing in the commitment This is to ensure
that the person being committed is the same as the person being
named in the commitment order.
4. SEARCHING- this step involves the frisking of the prisoner and
searching for his personal things. Weapons and other items classified
contraband are confiscated and deposited to the property custodian.
Other properties are deposited with the trust fund officer under-
recording and receipts.
5. BRIEFING AND ORIENTATION- the prisoner will be briefed and
oriented on the rules and regulations of the prison before he will be
assigned to the RDC of the quarantine unit.

ORIENTATION PROCEDURES IN PRISON

1. Giving the prisoners a booklet of rules and regulations and explaining

the rules to
2. Conducting group meeting of the center to explain to the inmates the
available treatment programs and the purpose of this treatment
3. Holding sessions with the members of the Center’s staff to explain what
the inmates should do in order to profit most from their obedience.

CUSTODY, SECURITY, AND CONTROL, EMERGENCY PLANS,

MOVEMENT AND TRANSFER OF PRISONER AND DETAINEES
The overall concept of jail security operations encompasses both prevention
and rehabilitation. These two efforts are inseparable as neither can be
accomplished without the other. Jail security is necessary to safeguard the
lives of people residing within the vicinity, those managing the jails, and
inmates whose lives are to be rehabilitated to become constructive members
of society.

AIMS OF INSTITUTIONAL SECURITY

1. Prevention of escapes
2. Control of contraband
3. Maintenance of good order

SECURITY- It involves safety measures to maintain the orderliness and

discipline with the jail or prison.

CUSTODY- defined as the guarding or penal safekeeping. It involves security

measures, locking and counting routines, procedures for searching prisoners
and their living quarters, and prevention of contraband.

CONTROL- It involves the supervision of prisoners to ensure punctual and

orderly movement from one place work program or assignment to another.

 it involves systematic measures taken in ensuring that the movement of

inmates are in accordance with standing policies, rules, and regulations
granted by the court, and

PRISON DISCIPLINE- is a continuing state of good order and behavior. It

includes the maintenance of good standards of work, sanitation, safety,
education, personal health, and recreation.

 The main objective of prison discipline is to inculcate habits, attitudes,

and values that will make the prisoners a peaceful and useful member
of society upon his

PRISON PREVENTIVE DISCIPLINE- It involves prompt correction of minor

deviations before they become serious violations, which may be dealt with a
reprimand or warning and is used when the deviation is: a) Trivial; b) due to
ignorance or lack of understanding; c) result of careless of faulty habits.

SECURITY AND CONTROL

 1. Maintain strict control of firearms. Never permit any firearms inside the
jail except in the area where firearms are
2. Maintain 24-hour supervision of
3. Maintain a system of key control which shall include an accurate listing
of all keys and of receipting them. Never permit the inmates to handle
keys or to study
4. Secure firearms and anti-riot equipment in the armory where they shall
be within easy reach of the jail guard and yet afford maximum security
against access by
5. Supervise the proper use and other potentially dangerous articles such
as bottles, acids, kitchen knives, etc., and keep them out of offenders’
reach when not in
6. Conduct regular inmates’ count at least four (4) times within the 24-hour
day-period. Establish procedures which will ensure beyond doubt, that
every offender is physically present or accounted for, at every
7. Conduct frequent surprise searches of offenders and their quarters to
detect
8. Conduct frequent inspections of security facilities to detect tampering or
9. Guard against escapes, assault on jail personnel, and inmates’
10. Develop plans dealing with emergencies like escapes, fires,
assaults, riots, and noise barrage. Make plans known and understood
by jail
11. Never allow a jail guard to open the inmates’ cell alone. At least,
another guard should be present.
12. Select carefully the inmates to be assigned as orderly or aide and
maintain rigid control over their activities. No offender should be allowed
to assume any of the authority which belongs to the jail staff or shall an
inmate be allowed to exercise authority, supervision, and control over
the

DUTIES OF CUSTODIAL FORCE

1. Supervise and maintain order and discipline of inmates housing units,

those assembled for religious services, entertainment, and athletics,
during meals, classes, work details, baths, and visits;
2. Censor offender’s mail;
3. Inspect security devices;
4. Maintain inner and outer perimeter security;
5. Escort inmates to courts, other authorized places of confinement, and to
hospitals in cases of emergencies;
6. Ensure the custody and safety of those confined in jail;
 7. Escort visitors within the jail premises;
8. Report any infringement of rules and regulations to proper authorities;
9. Inform the Warden of any emergency case;
10. Keep and maintain records of the inmates;
11. Perform such other duties as may be assigned by competent jail

INMATE’S COUNT

It is a part of the institutional procedure that at specified times during each 24-
hour period, all inmates are physically counted. For this type of count, the
general procedure is as follows:

1. Each inmate is counted physically at specified times;

2. During the count, all movements of inmates shall cease until the count
is completed;
3. The count must be accurate. A positive verification must be made that
inmates are physically present
4. Result of each count of a group of inmates is submitted to the Warden
and/or Deputy Warden; and
5. If the total jail count does not tally with the total jail population at any
given time, a verification shall be made. An immediate report shall be
rendered to the Warden and/or Deputy Warden for any unaccounted

SECURITY PROCEDURES DURING MEAL SERVICE

 Security measures must be considered in the serving of food inside the

cells. A jailer should not enter the cells of the inmates to distribute food
unless another officer is available to handle the keys and control the
entrance door. When food distribution is to be undertaken with only one
officer on duty, it is essential that the food shall be served without
unlocking the door if there is a danger of being overpowered by the
inmate.

DINING ROOM SECURITY

1. As a general precaution, individual mess utensils of inmates shall be

made of
2. When dining rooms are provided, the inmates should be marched in
columns of two’s along designated routes under the supervision of one
or two jail personnel. Other officials may be stationed along the route to
direct the orderly movement of inmates to and from the mess hall.
 3. There must be a roving supervisor to handle occasional disturbances or
settle
4. After meals, all utensils used by the inmates should be collected. This
should be strictly supervised by jail personnel; to be sure that no
utensils are brought out from the dining
5. Forks, spoons, and other kitchen utensils should be checked and
accounted for after every meal.

MAIL CENSORSHIP

Communication with relatives, friends, and lawyers is encouraged among

inmates through correspondence. However, this privilege will be extended to
inmates subject to the following regulations:

1. Duly designated censor, a member of the custodial force will maintain

and record all incoming and outgoing mails of inmates;
2. The inmate’s mail shall be opened and searched only by qualified,
trained, and authorized jail personnel.
3. Letters containing currency, checks, or money should be marked with
the amount enclosed and deposited with the Trust Office/Property
Custodian. The receiving officer should list down the amount received
on a receipt form in duplicate. The original receipt signed by the
receiving officer should be kept for the record and the duplicate copy
should be given to the inmate for his information;
4. All greeting cards should be carefully examined, and fillers of any kind
therein should be collected for laboratory examination;
5. Photographs clearly within the scope of the jail regulations should be
marked on the reversed side and placed in the envelope;
6. Any item or correspondence or enclosure that does not conform with the
regulations or are detrimental to security, order, and discipline of the jail
should be bought to the attention of the jail warden;
7. In the censoring of mail, prison slang, unusual nicknames, and
sentences with double meaning should be carefully studied and
analyzed to determine their real meanings;
8. All letters containing statements concerning the security or reputation of
the jail, like attempts of escape, smuggling/trafficking of contraband and
statement that may affect the rules and policies, etc. shall be forwarded
to the Officer-in-Charge of mail censorship;
9. All letters passed by censors should bear the censor’s stamp at the top
of each page and on the envelope. The letter should be placed back in
the same envelope and resealed;
 10. A listing of mail for inmates should be properly posted in a
conspicuous place. This will also form part of the records of the jail;
11. If the inmate fails to claim his letter within twenty-four (24) hours
after it has been posted, the mail should be delivered to him;
12. Contents of inmate’s mail should not be discussed with other jail
personnel, except for official purposes; and
13. All outgoing mails shall pass through the normal mail facility of the
jail subject to the usual censorship.

FIRE PREVENTION RULES

Fires do not only cause financial losses but also loss of lives and property. To
prevent occurrences of conflagration in jails and minimize its effect if such
occur, the following rules should be followed:

1. Jail Warden must designate a smoking area for inmates;

2. Fire extinguishers should be placed in close proximity to all housing
units and should be located in strategic places in buildings, and work
area;
3. Maintain reserved water placed inside available drums or cans and
some with san placed in strategic places for ready use;
4. Keys to all emergency exits, cells, brigades, and storage places of fire-
fighting equipment should be made available. Such keys should have
tags, marked distinctly to avoid confusion during emergencies;
5. Portable floodlights should be available in the control center for night
fires; and
6. Government equipment should be placed with markings, tags, or
symbols to determine its priority during the evacuation phase.

EMERGENCY PLANS

Emergency plans for fires or conflagrations, riots or violent disturbances,

jailbreaks, and others should be formulated to suit the physical structure and
other factors peculiar to the individual jail. Fire plan and the like should
become a part of the operational plans which every jail is expected to
maintain. It is important that each participant must know his particular role.

a. Plan in Case of Fires or Conflagrations

 At the first sign of fire, the Control Center shall immediately sound a
prearranged alarm either by a siren, bell, or any other means available.
At the same time, notify the nearest Bureau of Fire or PNP station and
 other agencies that may help in putting out the fire as well as evacuate
the inmates affected.
 All available jail personnel should be organized in securing inmates
while members of firefighting units of BFP are putting gout the fire;
 The Desk officer or the person-in-charge of the keys to the storage for
fire-fighting equipment, emergency gates, and gates of different
cells/brigades, should distribute the keys to the responsible personnel
concerned;
 All inmates in the affected area shall be required to help in putting out
the fire, using water and sand in the drums and cans, the fire-fighting
equipment, fire extinguishers, and such other things available to put out
the fire;
 The fire crew shall immediately respond to the scene to put out the fire
while the other jail personnel shall station themselves according to the
PLAN;
 If there is a necessity to evacuate government records, supplies, and
equipment, they should be evacuated to a safe place according to
priority and under proper guard;
 If it is necessary to evacuate the jail population, they should be
evacuated in an orderly manner, using the closed vans and other
vehicles, or by any other means, to prearranged buildings or detention
centers for their safe and temporary confinement under strict security;
 When all-clear alarm has been sounded, first aid shall be administered
to the injured and an institution-wide count of inmates should be made,
and a security check immediately follows;
 If the inmates were evacuated and the jail is still intact, they should be
returned to the Jail and continue normal jail activities; and
 Thorough investigation relative thereto should be thereafter be
conducted and reports must be rendered to the Provincial Jail
Administrator who will subsequently submit the same to the Regional
Director copy furnished to the Station or Sub-Station Commander. A
report will be rendered to Chief, BJMP by the RD

b. Plan for Riots and Violent Disturbances.

 At the sound of the first prearranged alarm, all inmates must be locked
up inside their respective cells/quarters. Inmate’s work crew should be
brought immediately into designated areas by custodians for accounting
and subsequently locked after a headcount;
 If the disturbances occur during the visiting period, all visitors should be
immediately ushered out of the visiting premises to the most secured
 portion of the jail previously predetermined for this purpose. They
should not be permitted to get out of the premises until proper
accounting of inmates shall have been made;
 Simultaneously, all members of the security group out on post
immediately report to the Desk Officer and shall make themselves
available for emergency deployment. All critical posts shall be covered
accordingly. The most senior officer present shall automatically take
command of the force and make an assessment of the situation;
 The Control Center shall take into consideration the readiness of all
communication lines for emergency calls to the outside. At that moment,
the operator should not entertain incoming calls except purely official
calls;
 The Desk Officer or the Armorer should make immediate preparation for
the issuance of the necessary anti-riot equipment and firearms;
 On his judgment and proper assessment of the prevailing condition, the
Officer in command may cause the division of the available force into
three (3) groups as follows:
1. 1st group – to compose the initial wave of anti-riot assault
contingent whose main objectives shall be to disperse the rioters
and get their leaders and shall be alarmed with wicker shields,
protective headgears, gas masks, and nightsticks or batons, when
these are available.
2. 2nd group – to serve as a backup force to support the first group
and for this purpose shall be equipped with tear gas, guns and
3. 3rd group – to be composed of guards trained on proper handling
and use of firearms who shall be ready to fire when the lives of
the guards are in peril on orders of the Officer-in-Command.

 When everything is ready, the Officer-in-Command shall, with the use of

a megaphone or any public address system, direct the inmates to cease
and desist, return to their respective cells or face the consequences of
their acts. The known leaders should be called by their names and
asked to stop the rioting or disturbance;
 The second alarm shall be sounded when all efforts of the Officer-in-
Command had failed. By this time, all guards shall be prepared for the
assault. The first group shall now enter the compound followed by the
second group at a discreet distance. The third group shall be in a
strategic position, ready to fire when and if the lives of the guards are in
danger;
 The first group shall be tasked with quelling the riot and getting the
leaders of the rioting group, and if met with stiff resistance, should
withdraw on the order of their leaders;
 The Second Group shall not use riot control gases; except on orders of
the Office- in-Command. Gas should be used in such quantity to have
the desire defects. When the area is saturated with gas, the first group
with gas mask shall attack using their batons to force the rioters back
into their cells and get the leaders. Use of pressurized water from the
fire truck may be resorted to;
 On the instruction of the Officer-in-Command, the initial alarm shall be
delayed to the Superintendent, Station or Substation Commander
and/or nearest police station or unit that will give assistance to quell
such disturbance in the jail;
 When conditions become critical and the disturbance has reached full
scale, the Officer-in-Command shall cause the sounding of the third
alarm. At this instance, Control Center shall notify all nearby police
agencies for assistance and then all other plans in connection with jail
uprisings shall be executed. Nearby hospitals shall also be notified if the
situation demands;
 As a last resort to prevent mass jailbreaks or serious assault upon
members of the custodial forces, the selected marksman of the third
group may be ordered to fire, by the Officer-in-Charge, only after due
warning shots. Here again, reasonable caution, to ensure the safety of
individuals, is imperative. The order to fire should be given only as a last
resort, not necessarily to kill but only to maim at designated targets, not
at innocent bystanders, a fellow officer or some other employees; and
 Finally, after any such incident, the following steps should be
undertaken:
1. Administer first aid to the injured;
2. Conduct headcount;
3. Segregate ring leaders and agitators;
4. Confiscate bladed items or materials used during riot or
disturbance and check the security of the institution;
5. Conduct a thorough investigation of the incident. Prosecute those
who have violated the laws, rules, and regulations;
6. Repair damages;
7. Adopt effective measures to prevent a repetition of similar
incidents; and
8. Submit reports to the Provincial Administrator and copy furnished
the Central Office of the Jail Bureau, and the Station and Sub-
Station Commanders
c. Plan for Escapes or Jailbreaks.

 The Control Center shall immediately sound the alarm and the Warden
or Desk Officer shall be notified;
 At the first sound of the alarm, all prisoners shall be locked in their
respective cells while those in work details should be marched in an
orderly manner to their cells;
 All jail personnel, custodial or noncustodial shall make themselves
available for emergency deployment with the exception of those
previously assigned. The Desk Officer or the Armorer shall issue
firearms to members of the custodial force who shall immediately be
dispatched to strategic posts according to the PLAN;
 A simultaneous institution-wide accounting shall be made to determine
the number of inmates who escaped, and their identities established;
 As soon as the identities of the escapees have been established, their
names and other personal circumstances shall be immediately flashed
to all units of the province, district, station or substation, and all nearby
stations shall be notified;
 Radio and television stations and other news media shall be notified
and, if possible, furnished with the escapees’ photographs for possible
publication and flashing over the televisions;
 Coordination with the law enforcement agencies such as PNP and NBI
will be established in a province for nationwide manhunt;
 Recovery teams shall be organized to proceed to all known liars,
hangouts, residences, and houses of immediate relatives and friends for
the immediate recapture of the escapees;
 In case of mass jailbreak, all members of the custodial force shall be
immediately issued firearms and assigned to critical posts to block the
escape routes while the pursuing teams should get out of the jail
premises to recapture the escapees. The rest of the jail personnel and
custodial force who are off-duty shall be contacted by phone or through
the fastest means available to require them to report for duty
immediately;
 If an officer or any member is held hostage, reasonable caution should
be taken to ensure his/her safety;
 If the Warden is held hostage, for all intents and purposes, he ceases to
exercise authority and the next in command or the most officer present
shall take over;
 If there are no hostages and the inmates are still inside the jail
compound and continue to defy orders given by the Warden or by the
 Officer-in-Charge, procedures shall be activated immediately according
to plan;
 Maximum force shall be deployed for escapees found holding on an
area to pressure them to surrender and avert their movements; and
 An investigation shall be conducted to determine any flaws in the
Security Plan for a possible correction to be submitted to the Jai
Regional Director, copy furnished to the Central Office of the Jail
Bureau, the Station or Sub-Station Commander of the

ABSCOND – This means to depart from a geographical area or jurisdiction

prescribed by the conditions of one’s probation or parole, without
authorization.
ABSOLUTE PARDON – Total extinction of criminal liability of an individual to
whom it is granted and restores back to him all civil rights which are either
loss or suspended by virtue of his conviction.

AMNESTY – A general pardon extended to a class of person or who may be

guilty of political offenses.

BENIGN NEGLECT – The slighting of female offenders’ special problems and

needs, particularly in the provision of programs and services.

BONDSMAN – An independent business person who provides bail money for

a free, usually 5 to 10 percent of the total.

BOOKING – A police administrative action officially recording an arrest and

identifying the person, place, time, the arresting authority, and the reason for
the arrest.

CARPETA – otherwise known as inmate record or jacket, it contains the

personal and criminal record of the inmate

COMMUTATION – An act of the president changing/reducing a heavier

sentence to a lighter one or a longer-term into a shorter term. It may alter
Death Sentence to a Life Sentence or a Life Sentence to a term of years.

COMMITMENT – the entrusting for the confinement of an inmate to jail by a

competent court or authority, for purposes of investigating the individual’s
offense or transgression of laws.

COMMITMENT ORDER – A written order of the court or any other competent

authority consigning an offender to a jail or prison for confinement.

INDETERMINATE SENTENCE – A period of incarceration set by a judge as

a minimum term that must be served before a decision on parole eligibility is
made and a maximum form at the conclusion of which the sentence has been
completed.

INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY – The officially stated number of inmates or

residents that a correctional facility is designed to house, exclusive of extra-
ordinary arrangements to accommodate overcrowded conditions.
INMATE CODE – A set of rules of conduct that reflect the values and norms
of the prison social system and help to define for inmates the characteristics
associated with the model prisoner.

MANDATORY RELEASE – The required release of an inmate from

incarceration upon the expiration of a certain time period as stipulated by a
determinate sentencing law or parole guidelines.

MITTIMUS – A warrant issued by the court bearing its seal and the signature
of the judge, directing the jail or prison authorities to receive inmates for
custody or service of the sentence imposed therein.

PREVENTIVE DETENTION – The detention of an accused in prison or in jail

for the purpose of protecting the community from crimes, the accused is
considered likely to commit if he or she is set free pending from trial.

PRISONIZATION – The process by which a new inmate absorbs the customs

of the prison society and learns to adapt to the environment.

SAFEKEEPING – The temporary custody of a person for his own protection,

safety and care; and or his security from harm, injury, or danger for the liability
he has committed.

SENTENCE – The penalty imposed by a court on a convicted person, or the

court’s decision to suspend imposition or execution of the penalty.

SPECIAL TIME ALLOWANCE - A deduction of one-fifth of the period of the

sentence of any prisoners who reward the service of sentence

UTILITARIANISM – The doctrine that the aim of all action should be the
greatest possible balance of pleasure over pain, hence, the belief that a
punishment inflicted on an offender must achieve enough good to outweigh
the pain inflicted.

WORK RELEASE – The release of a sentenced inmate from a correctional

institution for work during the day, the inmate must spend nights and
weekends in the facility.