PERIPHERY

MARY JANE V. ANTOLIN

 PERIPHERY
In world systems theory, the periphery
countries (sometimes referred to as
just the periphery) are those that are
less developed than the semi-
periphery and core countries. These
countries usually receive a
disproportionately small share of
global wealth. They have weak state
institutions and are dependent on –
according to some, exploited by – more
developed countries.
● These countries are usually behind because of obstacles
such as lack of technology, unstable government, and poor
education and health systems.[1] In some instances, the
exploitation of periphery countries' agriculture, cheap
labor, and natural resources aid core countries in
remaining dominant. This is best described by dependency
theory,[2] which is one theory on how globalization can
affect the world and the countries in it. It is, however,
possible for periphery countries to rise out of their status
and move into semi-periphery or core status. This can be
done by doing things such as industrializing, stabilizing the
government and political climate, etc
PHILIPPINES
AFRICA
PERIPHERY COUNTRIES

01 PHILIPPINES 2 AFRICA

1
were considered periphery and
their lack of development enabled
the United States and Germany to
remain successful core nations.
 ❏LATIN AMERICA
POLAND
 3 POLAND 4 LATIN AMERICA

● At this time, Poland was mainly exporting wheat

to other areas of Europe and Poland wanted
cheap labor. As a result, landlords enslaved rural
workers on their estate lands. Also, Latin
America experienced an enslavement of their
natives and imports of slaves from Africa. Forced
mining labor was placed on the slaves, which
enabled Latin America to export cheap goods to
Europe.
● Both Poland and Latin America were
similar during this time period because
the aristocrats of these areas became
more wealthy due to their interactions with
the world economy. These areas of the
world were also different from during
medieval times in Europe. They are
different because during the late 15th
century and early 16th century, Poland and
Latin America were producing goods and
exporting them rather than simply
consuming their raw goods.
SEMI PERIPHERY
SEMI PERIPHERY
● In world-systems theory, the semi-periphery countries (sometimes
referred to as just the semi-periphery) are the industrializing,
mostly capitalist countries which are positioned between the
periphery and core countries. Semi-periphery countries have
organizational characteristics of both core countries and
periphery countries and are often geographically located between
core and peripheral regions as well as between two or more
competing core regions. Semi-periphery regions play a major role
in mediating economic, political, and social activities that link core
and peripheral areas.
ARGENTINA

CHINA
INDIA

BRAZIL
MEXICO
INDONESIA
 Argentina, China, India, Brazil,Mexico
1 and Indonesia.

● Today, the semi-periphery is generally

industrialized. Semi-peripheral countries
contribute to the manufacturing and
exportation of a variety of goods. 
● They are marked by above average land mass, as
exemplified by Argentina, China, India, Brazil,
Mexico, Indonesia, and Iran.More land mass
typically means an increased market size and
share. Semi-peripheral nations are not all large
though, as smaller countries such as Israel, Poland,
and Greece can be described to exist within the semi-
periphery.