Fuses and Its Types

C065 | C071 | C076 | C093

 What is a Fuse?
⬦ Fuses are the protectors, these are the safety
devices which are used to protect the home
appliances like televisions, refrigerators, computers
with damage by high voltage.

⬦ The fuse is made up of thin strip or strand of metal,

whenever the heavy amount of current or an
excessive current flow is there in an electrical circuit,
the fuse melts and it opens the circuit and
disconnects it from the power supply.
 After Heavy Current
How it works?
⬦ A fuse has a metallic strip of small cross section
area, mounted between a pair of electrical terminal.

⬦ The fuse is connected in series with the circuit

through which all the current will pass.

⬦ In case of heavy current, fuse will melt. This will

break the circuits and protect the electrical
appliance.
 Closed Open
What is the need of Fuse?

⬦ Safety: Fuses protect electrical circuits and

appliances from overcurrent conditions, preventing
electrical fires and equipment damage.

⬦ Equipment protection: By interrupting the flow of

current during an overload, fuses can protect the
wiring, motors, and other components of electrical
equipment.

⬦ Compliance: Many electrical codes and regulations

require the use of fuses in certain applications to
ensure safe and reliable operation.
 DC fuses have larger in size. DC supply has

AC Fuses constant value above 0V so it is hard to neglect

and turn off the circuit and there is a chance of an
electric arc between melted wires. To overcome
this, electrodes placed at larger distances and
because of this the size of DC fuses get increased.

AC fuses are smaller in size. They oscillate

50-60 times in every second from minimum
to maximum. So there is no chance of Arc
DC Fuses between the melted wires. Hence they can
be packed in small size.
Low Voltage
Fuses

High Voltage
Fuses
 D-Type Cartridge Fuse

It is composed of the cartridge, fuse base, cap &

adapter ring. The fuse base has the fuse cap, which is
fitted with the fuse element with cartridge through
adapter ring. The circuit is completed when the tip of
the cartridge makes contact with the conductor.
 Kit-Kat Type Fuse

In this type of fuse, the main advantage is that the

fuse carrier is easier to remove without having any
electrical shock or injury. The fuse base acts as an
incoming and outgoing terminal which is made up of
porcelain & fuse carrier is used to hold the fuse
element which is made up of tin, copper, aluminum,
lead, etc. This is used in domestic wiring, small
industries etc.
 Link Type Fuse

In this type of fuse, the flow of current by fuse

element is given under normal condition. To control
the arc which is produced by blown fuse we use the
fuse which is made up of porcelain, silver & ceramic.
The fuse element container filled with silica sand.
The Link type is again divided into two parts that are

i. Blade Type

ii. Bolted Type

 Striker Type Fuse

This type of fuse has a mechanical indicator or striker

pin that protrudes through the fuse cap upon
operation of the fuse. This provides visual
identification of a blown fuse and acts as a trigger for
external devices. It can be used for short circuit
protection of medium voltage motors.
 Drop out Fuse

Drop out fuse is an expulsion type fuse to protect

the transformers. When the fuse element melts, it
falls due to gravity, hence providing additional
isolation.
Low Voltage
Fuses

High Voltage
Fuses
 Cartridge Type Fuse

This cartridge fuse is similar to low voltage HRC fuse

with some extra features. The fuse is wound up in
the shape of a helix or uses two fuse elements in
parallel to prevent the corona effect at the higher
voltages.
 Advantage and Disadvantage

Advantages Disadvantages

Compact design Limited indication of failure

Easy to replace Slow reaction time

Versatile Hazardous material

Cost effective Limited fault current Capacity

 Liquid Type Fuse

These are used for circuit up to 100A rated current &

systems up to 132Kv. These fuses have the glass
tube filled with carbon tetrachloride. The one end of
the tube is packed and another is fixed by
phosphorous bronze wire. When fuse operation
starts, the liquid uses in the fuse extinguish the arc.
This increase the short circuit capacity.
 Advantage and Disadvantage

Advantages Disadvantages

High fault current capacity Requires regular maintenance

Quick reaction time Leaks

Easy to install Size and weight

Suitable for outdoor applications Expensive

 Resettable Fuse

It is the type of fuse, commonly known as self-

resetting fuses which uses a thermoplastic
conductive type thermistor known as Polymeric
Positive Temperature Coefficient (PPTC). If a fault
occurs, current increases, temperature also increases.
The increase in resistance is due to increase in
temperature.
 Advantage and Disadvantage

Advantages Disadvantages

Self-resetting Limited current capacity

Cost effective Limited fault current capacity

Quick response time High resistance

Wide range of current rating Slow recovery time

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