Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring

To solve quadratic equations by factoring, apply the

Zero Product Property which states that, if the product
of two real numbers is zero, then one or both of the numbers
must be zero.
Thus, if ab = 0, then either a = 0, or b = 0 or both equal 0.

x( x  1)  0 (x – 5)(x – 1) = 0.
x = 0 or x + 1 = 0 (x – 5)(x – 1) = 0
x = 0 or x = -1 x – 5 = 0 or x – 1 = 0
x = 5 or x=1

4.2B.1
 Solving Quadratic Equations with a GCF
1. x2 - 11x = 0
2. 10x2 + 5x = 0
x (x -11) = 0
5x (2x + 1) = 0
x = 0 or (x -11) = 0
5x = 0 or (2x + 1) = 0
x = 0 or x = 11
1
x = 0 or x  
2
3. 1 x 2  4 x  0
3 3
1
x ( x  4)  0
3
1
x  0 or ( x  4)  0
3
x0 or x  4

4.2B.2
 Determine the Roots of the Quadratic Equations
Factors of 24

1 24

x2 - 11x + 24 = 0 2 12
2x2 - 6x – 56 = 0
3 8
x - 8x - 3x + (-8)(-3) = 0
2
4 6 2(x2 - 3x - 28) = 0
x(x – 8) – 3(x – 8) = 0 2(x - 7)(x + 4) = 0
Factors of 28
(x - 8)(x - 3) = 0
1 28 (x - 7)(x + 4) = 0
(x - 8)= 0 or (x - 3) = 0 2 14

4 7
(x - 7) = 0 or (x + 4) = 0
x = 8 or x =3
x = 7 or x =-4

4.2B.3
 x2 + 8x + 16 = 0

Graphically Algebraically
Graph related function x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
y = x2 + 8x + 16
x2 + 4x + 4x+ 16 = 0
(x + 4)(x+ 4) = 0

x + 4 = 0 or x+ 4 = 0

x = -4 x = -4 or x = -4

Two equal real number roots.

4.2B.4
 Determine the roots of the Quadratic Equations

x2 - 10x = -16 3x2 + 19x - 14 = 0

x2 - 10x + 16 = 0 (3x - 2)(x + 7) = 0
(x - 8)(x - 2) = 0 3x - 2 = 0 or x + 7 = 0
x - 8 = 0 or x - 2 = 0 2
x or x = -7
x = 8 or x = 2 3

x2 + 8x = 0
x(x + 8) = 0
x = 0 or x + 8 = 0
x = 0 or x = -8

4.2B.5
x2 – 36 = 0 x 2 – 81 = 0
x2 = 36 x 2 + 0x – 81 = 0
x = 6 or x = -6 (x - 9)(x + 9) = 0
x=±6 (x - 9) = 0 or (x + 9) = 0
x=±9
(x – 2)2 – 25 = 0
(x - 2)2 = 25
x-2=±6
x=2±6
x = -4 or x = 8
Determine the Roots of the Quadratic Equation
6x2 + x – 15 = 0 sum is 1 Factors of 90

1 90
product is - 90
6x2 + 10x - 9x – 15 = 0 2 45

2x(3x + 5) - 3(3x + 5) = 0 3 30

(3x + 5)(2x - 3) = 0 5 8

6 15

(3x + 5) = 0 or (2x - 3) = 0 9 10

x = -5/3 or x = 3/2

4.2.11
SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS INVOLVING FRACTIONS
Leading Coefficient is a Fraction:
1 2
x  x3 0
4 Quadratics in Factored Form

1 2
4
 x  4 x  12   0

1
 x  2  x  6   0
4

(x + 2) = 0 or (x - 6) = 0
x = -2 or x =6

4.2.12
 Solving with Complex Bases

(a + 2)2 + 3(a + 2) + 2 = 0 Let B = (a + 2)

Replace (a + 2) with B.
B2 + 3B + 2 = 0
[(a + 2) + 2] [(a + 2) + 1] = 0
(B + 2)(B + 1) = 0
(a + 4)(a + 3) = 0
(a + 4) = 0 or (a + 3) = 0
a = -4 or a = -3

4.2.13
 Solving a Difference of Squares

16x2 – 121 = 0 5(x+1)2 – 80 = 0

(4x)2 - (11)2 = 0
(4x - 11)(4x + 11) = 0
(4x - 11) = 0 or (4x + 11) = 0
x = ± 11/4
5[ (x+1)2 – 16 ] = 0
(x+1)2 – 16 = 0
[ (x+1) – 4 ] [ (x+1)+ 4 ] = 0
[x – 3] [(x+ 5] = 0
x = 3 or x = -5

4.2.15
 Writing a Quadratic Equation With Given Roots
Write a possible quadratic equation, given the following roots:

x = -6 or x = 3

The factors are (x + 6) and (x - 3).

(x + 6)(x - 3) = 0
x2 + 3x - 18 = 0 Is this the only equation?

4.2.17