Chapter 2

IT culture,
trends, issues
and challenges
 2.1 Impact of Information Technology on Society

Information technology 
• helped to computerize the company process.
• economical money-making machines.
• can be available anytime anyplace, making
purchases
 Impact of Information
Technology on Society

 Development of computer industry and internet

networks.
 Multimedia technology and internet networks.
 Development of e- commerce
• Amazon, Shopify, Ebay, Olx, Myntra, Quikr, Flipkart
 Virtual reality
 What are the challenges of
technology?
10 Technology Challenges
 DATA SECURITY
 BIG DATA
 CLOUD COMPUTING
 OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
 MOBILE PAYMENTS
 SOCIAL MEDIA RELATED LIABILITIES
 WEARABLE COMPUTING
 THE INTERNET OF THINGS.
 Data security
• refers to the process of protecting data
from unauthorized access and data
corruption throughout its lifecycle.
• Data security includes data encryption,
hashing, tokenization, and key
management practices that protect
data across all applications and
platforms.
 Big Data Technology
• can be defined as a Software-Utility
that is designed to Analyse, Process
and Extract the information from an
extremely complex and large data sets.
• Ex. videos, images, transactions, web
pages, email, social media content,
click-stream data, search indexes,
sensor data, etc.
 Cloud computing

•  is the on-demand availability of computer system

resources, especially data storage (cloud storage)
and computing power, without direct active
management by the user.
• Examples: Microsoft 365, Adobe creative cloud,
Google Drive, Google Cloud, Netflix  
 OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
•  is software with source code that anyone can inspect,
modify, and enhance.
• Ex: Apache HTTP Server, the e-commerce platform
osCommerce, internet browsers Mozilla Firefox and
Chromium (the project where the vast majority of
development of the freeware Google Chrome is done)
and the full office suite LibreOffice.
 Mobile payments
• (which encompass mobile wallets and mobile money
transfers) are regulated transactions that take place
through your mobile device.
• Instead of paying for stuff with cash, cheques, or
physical credit cards, mobile payment technology
allows you to do so digitally.
How can I make a mobile payment?
• To spend with your phone, you typically need to
store payment information in a mobile wallet.
• To do so, enter your credit card, debit card, or bank
account information into the wallet (by typing it in or
taking a photo of the card).
• You might be able to link a wallet to
another payment account.
 SOCIAL MEDIA RELATED LIABILITIES

• Social Media Liability refers to claims for libel, slander,

harassment, invasions of privacy, violations of
intellectual property rights, and even improper
employment practices resulting from the use of social
media sites, including Facebook, InstaGram, Twitter,
YouTube, blogs, etc.
 Types of Social Media With
Examples

• Social Networks. Examples: Facebook, LinkedIn.

• Bookmarking Sites. Examples: Pinterest,
Flipboard, Diggs
• Social news. Examples: Digg.
• Media Sharing. Examples: Pinterest, YouTube,
Vimeo.
• Microblogging. Examples: Twitter, Facebook.
 Wearable computing
- A wearable computer is any small
technological device capable of
storing and processing data that can
be worn on the body.
Ex. (like smartwatches), strapped to
the arm, on the head, or hung from
the neck.
 The Internet of Things (IoT)

• describes the network of physical objects—“things”—

that are embedded with sensors, software, and other
technologies.
• refers to a system of interrelated, internet-connected
objects that are able to collect and transfer data over a
wireless network without human intervention. 
What are examples of the Internet of things?
Examples:
thermostats, cars, electronic appliances, lights in
household and commercial environments, alarm clocks,
speaker systems, vending machines and more.
 2.2 Automation
• Automation is the creation and application of
technologies to produce and deliver goods and services
with minimal human intervention.
• The implementation of automation technologies,
techniques and processes improve the efficiency,
reliability, and/or speed of many tasks that were
previously performed by humans.
• Examples of Automation:
 2.3 Influence of IT on
Culture and Social
How does culture affect social behavior?
Behavior
• the differences between cultures can influence how
members experience the world.
• Values influence human social behavior because they
form the basis for norms.
 2.4 Trends

• Information technology is an industry on the rise,

and business structure, job growth, and emerging
technology will all shift in the coming years.
• As the IT industry trends such as cloud computing,
the world will look to brands who can deliver with
accuracy and real-time efficiency.
1. Cloud Computing
• Cloud computing is a network of resources a company can
access, and this method of using a digital drive increases
the efficiency of organizations. 
2. Mobile Computing and Applications
• Mobile phones, tablets, and other devices have taken
both the business world and the personal realm by
storm.
• Mobile usage and the number of applications
generated have both skyrocketed in recent years.
3. Big Data Analytics
• Big data is a trend that allows businesses to analyze
extensive sets of information to achieve variety in
increasing volumes and growth of velocity. 
4. Automation
• Another current trend in the IT industry is automated
processes. Automated processes can collect information
from vendors, customers, and other documentation.
Automated processes that check invoices and other
accounts-payable aspects expedite customer interactions.
• Machine processes can automate repetitive manual tasks,
rather than assigning them to employees. 
1. Artificial Intelligence and Smart Machines
Artificial intelligence harnesses algorithms and machine
learning to predict useful patterns humans normally identify.
Smart machines take human decision-making out of the
equation so intelligent machines can instigate changes and
bring forward solutions to basic problems. 
2. Virtual Reality
Technology that includes virtual reality is becoming
prevalent. The software of virtual reality is making many
industries prepared for various scenarios before entering
them. The medical profession is projected to use virtual
reality for some treatments and interactions with patients in
the coming years.
3. Augmented Reality
• Augmented reality is a more versatile and practical
version of virtual reality, as it does not fully immerse
individuals in an experience.
• Augmented reality features interactive scenarios that
enhance the real world with images and sounds that
create an altered experience. 
4. Blockchain Data
• Blockchain data, like the new cryptocurrency Bitcoin,
This system allows you to input additional data
without changing, replacing, or deleting anything.
5. Cyber-Privacy and Security
• Shared company systems and the growth of the Internet
leave a high amount of personal and company data at risk
to breaches. 
• Recognition software will replace much of the password-
protected systems companies.
• Biometric measures and other safety protocols will
increase the security of business practices.
6. Internet of Things
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging movement of
products with integrated Wi-Fi and network connectivity
abilities. Cars, homes, appliances, and other products can
now connect to the Internet, making activities around the
home and on the road an enhanced experience.
 2.5 Privacy and Data
Protection Law

 is the state of being free from public scrutiny or

from having your secrets or personal information
shared. 
 Your data privacy matters.
• In 2012 the Philippines passed the Data Privacy Act
2012, comprehensive and strict privacy legislation
“to protect the fundamental human right of privacy,
of communication while ensuring free flow of
information to promote innovation and growth.”
(Republic Act. No. 10173).