REVIEW

Give the networking devices

and their functions.
BOOT OPERATION
The initial process that occurs as soon as you press the power
button. Also known as booting, or simply boot.

2 functions of booting
1.to perform Power on Self-test
2.to load the operating system (OS) from the
internal storage (hard disk) to the Random
Access Memory (RAM
 POST
Power-On-Self-Test
Power-on Self-test (POST) As soon as the
computer powers on, it performs a
diagnostic testing sequence known as a
power-on self-test.
POST is being run by the basic input/output
system (BIOS) to determine if the keyboard,
RAM, disk drives, and other hardware are
working properly.
If any among these are not
detected nor found to be
inoperative, the BIOS itself will
issue an error message in a form
of series of coded beeps,
depending on the nature of the
problem.
On the other hand, if the POST found no evidence of any
problem, you will hear a short beep sound and then the
BIOS setup takes over.
POST carries out the following:
• Checks the BIOS chip
• Tests the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
(CMOS) RAM
• Starts the Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Checks all hardware (keyboard, video card, primary
storage, secondary storage, etc.)
Basic Input/ Output System
The Basic Input/ Output System, known as BIOS,
is a software stored in BIOS chips that is usually
found installed on the motherboard.It provides
instructions for a computer on how to perform a
number of fundamental functions such as booting
and contains drivers for keyboard and display,
thus, it is the first hardware component of the
motherboard that becomes active as soon as the
computer is powered on.
BIOS is also used to identify and configure
the disk drives (such as hard drive, optical
drive, floppy disk drive), CPU, memory
and other components that operate
during booting process.
Furthermore, BIOS is accessed and configured
through BIOS Setup Utility. This setup contains
programs to manage settings for the hardware
devices. The configuration data is saved to
another memory chip found in the motherboard
called Complementary Metal-oxide
Semiconductor (CMOS).
We use BIOS Setup Utility to manage
memory settings, configure a new hard
drive, change the boot order, reset BIOS
password, and similar operations.
Procedures on how to configure BIOS
using BIOS Setup Utility:

Restart/ Press the Navigate to

Power on BIOS Access the BIOS
the PC Key Setup Utility

Press ENTER
Save and
to select the
Exit
item
1.Restart/ Power on the PC – To
enter BIOS, restart your
computer if it’s on, or simply
turn it on if it’s off.
2. Press the BIOS Access Key-The access key may
depend on the manufacturer of the computer, but
the most common for Windows are F1, F2, F10,
DEL, and ESC. On some computers, pressing F2 will
launch a diagnostics utility. In that case, the key to
enter BIOS is probably F10. If you find yourself in a
boot menu after pressing F10, then try the F2 key
as this is probably the key to enter BIOS.
3. Navigate to the BIOS Setup Utility-
use the left and right arrow keys on
the keyboard to select through the
menus in BIOS Setup. Use the up and
down arrow keys to make selections
within the items on each menu.
4. Press ENTER to select the item - Once
selected, a sublevel or a dialog box
with the available options field will
appear. Use the arrow keys to change
or select each option.
5. Save and Exit – Press F10 key in the keyboard
to save changes you have configured and exit
the BIOS Setup Utility screen. A dialog box will
pop-up to confirm the action. If you want to
proceed with the changes, you can press the
arrow key to highlight “OK” or if not, you may
highlight the “Cancel” and then press ENTER
to apply the changes.
 Complementary Metal-oxide Semiconductor
(CMOS
Once the hardware devices settings have been
configured in the BIOS Setup Utility, the
configuration data will be saved to a special
memory chip called Complementary Metal-oxide
Semiconductor (CMOS). As mentioned earlier,
whenever the computer boots, the BIOS initiates
the POST. After POST, the BIOS will then locate
and read the configuration settings stored in the
CMOS.
CMOS doesn’t have the capability to retain
data without a source of power. That’s the
reason why there is also a special type of
lithium coin cell battery located nearby the
CMOS chip known as CMOS Battery. This is to
ensure that the CMOS chip keeps information
about the computer’s hardware configuration
and keeps the system clock running even if
the computer itself is turned off.
Complementary Metal-oxide Semiconductor
(CMOS
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. A type of lithium cell that provides power to a chip to retain its data even if
the computer is powered off.
a. BIOS b. CMOS c. CMOS Battery d. POST
2. Which keyboard key(s) shall be pressed to apply highlighted option?
a. Arrow Keys b. ENTER c. ESCAPE d. F10
3. Screen menu in BIOS Setup Utility where boot device priority is configured.
a. Advanced b. Boot c. Exit d. Main
4. Which among the screen menus of BIOS Setup Utility can the general product
information be found?
a. Advanced b. Boot c. Exit d. Main
5. Which keyboard key(s) shall be pressed to Save and Exit configuration in BIOS
Setup?
a. Arrow Keys b. ENTER c. ESCAPE d. F10
6. It is a software stored in BIOS chips that is usually found installed on the
motherboard. it is the first hardware component of the motherboard that
becomes active as soon as the computer is powered on.
a. CMOS b. BIOS c. POST
7. it performs a diagnostic testing sequence.
a. CMOS b. BIOS c. POST
8.It is a small amount of memory on a computer motherboard that stores the
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) settings.
a. CMOS b. BIOS c. POST
9-10 Give the meaning of ACRONYM
9.BIOS-
10.CMOS-
The students will Group into 3
Brainstorming Activity:

Group 1-Discuss the function of POST

Group 2- Discuss the function of BIOS
Group 3- Discuss the function of CMOS
 RUBRICS
CRITERIA SCORE
Cooperation 20%
Content of discussion 50%
Delivery of the topic 30%
Total 100%