ADJECTIVE (KATA SIFAT)

Common
Adjective in general
Adjective

Proper Adjective referring to

Adjective Name

ADJECTIVE

Attribute Following noun (Noun

Adjective Phrase) idhofah

Predicative Adjective as predicate –

Adjective shifat maushuf

derivative Formed by other words

with adding suffixes
Participle Present & Past Participle
COMMON AND PROPER ADJECTIVE
See the example below!
Common Proper Noun Proper Adjective
Adjective

beautiful Java, Padang, Batak, Javanese, Padangese,

Madura (Suku bangsa) Batakese, Madurese
(orang/bahasa)
handsome Indonesia, America, Indonesian, American,
Canada, Malaysia Canadian, Malaysian

small, great England, Britain, Spain, English, British,

Sweden Spanish, Swedish

fast, slow West, East Western, Eastern

PRESENT & PAST PARTICIPLE
1. Present Participle (add –ing as an active
form) bermakna me-/ber-. E.g. interest (V)
– interesting (Adj.). She interests me
because she is an interesting girl.
2. Past Participle (add –ed/V3 as a passive
form) bermakna di-/ter-. E.g. hide (V) –
hidden (Adj.). She hides her beauty behind
their simple fashion but she is as a hidden
pearl in the ocean of women’s lives.
EXAMPLE
1. She is a beautiful girl. She comes from
Java. She is Javanese. She speaks Javanese
language.
2. He is very handsome. He lives in Indonesia.
He is an Indonesian actor. He speaks
Indonesian (language).
3. I visit a small town in England. I meet
some English teachers there. They speaks
English in their classes.
4. John is a slow leaner. He comes from
West. He is from Western Europe.
 ATTRIBUTE AND PREDICATIVE ADJECTIVE
Attribute adjective = kata sifat yang mengikuti kata benda (membentuk
Noun Phrase). Dalam bahasa Indonesia, ini dikenal dengan istilah MD
(Menerangkan-Diterangkan)
Dalam bahasa Arab, ini dikenal dengan idhofah (mudhof-mudhof ilaih)
1. Contoh: anak baik  good boy  khoirul waladi (‫ولد‬ ‫ ) خيرال‬ NP
KB KS Adj N

Predicative adjective: Kata sifat yang mengikuti predikat (berfungsi

sebagai pelengkap predikat/complement).
Dalam bahasa Indonesia, ini merupakan salah satu bentuk kalimat
nominal. Dalam bahasa Arab, ini dikenal dengan shifat maushuf
2. Contoh: Anak itu baik (Anak itu adalah baik)  The boy is good.
KB KS S P(to be) KS N P Adj

 Waladun khoirun ( ‫) خير ولد‬

Isim (khobar) shifat (mubtada’)
Coba bandingkan contoh 1 dan contoh 2.
 DERIVATIONAL ADJECTIVE
Kata sifat bentukan kata sifat yang dibentuk dari kata lain
baik kata sifat itu sendiri maupun kata benda dan kata
sifat dengan menambah awalan atau akhiran (prefix atau
suffix).
1. Kata sifat menjadi kata sifat
prefix Adjective Meaning
a- amoral Tidak
im- immpossible Tidak
in- incapable Tidak
ir- irregular Tidak
un- unbelievable Tidak
bi- bilingual Dua
CONTINUED …

2. Kata benda menjadi kata sifat

Suffix Noun Adjective

-al nation national

-en wood wooden
-ful beauty beautiful
-ic hero heroic
-ish child childish
-y dirt dirty
CONTINUED …

3. Kata kerja menjadi kata sifat

Suffix Verb Adjective

-able understand understandable
-ary comment commentary
-ible access accessible
-less count countless