Contents

-1 Curriculum
-2 Types of Curriculum
-3 Written Curriculum
-4 Hidden Curriculum
-5 Null Curriculum
-6 Extra Curriculum
-7 Principles of Curriculum Construction
 CURRICULUM
• Curriculum is a documents which contains
National and Educational objectives. (listed)
• The term curriculum refers to the lessons and
academic contents taught in a school or in a
specific course or program.
 TYPES OF CURRICULUM

 Written Curriculum
 Hidden Curriculum
 Null Curriculum
 Extra Curriculum
 WRITTEN CURRICULUM
(Explicit or Formal)
 Written curriculum includes documents,
course, of study handed down to the school
district, division, departments or colleges for
implementation
 Most of these are made by curriculum expert
including teachers
 HIDDEN CURRICULUM
(Implicit or Non Formal)
 Hidden curriculum consists of concepts
informally and often unintentionally taught in
School system.
 social expectations of gender, language,
behavior, moral.
 School rules and regulations
 Mood of the teacher and many other factors
make up the hidden curriculums
 NULL CURRICULUM
 Null curriculum refers to the things that
students do not have the chance and give
opportunities to learn
Null curriculum is that which is not taught.
 sometimes the teachers ignores some content
 EXTRA CURRUCULUM
(Co-Curricular activities)
 Extra curriculum also known as extra –
academic activities, extracurricular activities
or cultural activities include sport, art, hobbies,
speech, cultural dance for develop and bust up
of hidden talents and confidence of children.
 PRINCIPLES OF CURRICULUM
CONSTRUCTION
 Principle of child centered curriculum
 Principle of utility
 Principle of flexibility
 Principle of knowledge of culture and
civilization
 Principle for forward look or future orientation
 Principle of individual difference
Principle of child centered curriculum
 during the development of curriculum the
expert and teachers should considered child
growth and development.
 learners and individuals interest.
 Need and demand of pupils
 considered the learners age and abilities
 Principle of utility
• It must be of practical use
• Must emphasis on work experience
• Vocational and technical base
 Principle of flexibility
• There must be wide rang of subjects.
• Not rigid, should be flexible to suit the
changing need of people and society.
 Principle of knowledge of culture and civilization

 Curriculum must include the

 Tradition
 Custom
 Values
 Art
 Moral
 Principle for forward look or future orientation

• Curriculum must include those topics,

contents, and learning experience that can help
students to leading their future life.
• Curriculum change is essential with the
change is social needs
 Principle of individual differences

• Curriculum should be framed in such a way

that every individual can have opportunity for
self – expression and development.
• it must be base on the psychology of
individual differences which can meet the
complexities of modern democratic society
 Wazir Zakawat Ali
Visiting Lecturer
Government Boys Degree College
Skardu
BS 1 Urdu
BS 3 Economics

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