Professional Practice Reviewer

2nd Day

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PD 1185 ● Fire Code of the Philippines
– fire safety construction, protective and warning system
• provide fire protection features: sprinkler system, hose boxes,
hoses reels or standpipe system and other fire fighting
equipment (fire / smoke detectors, fire extinguishers)
• fire alarm systems
• fire walls (with not less than 4 hour fire rating, should be able
to remain standing even if construction on either side
collapses)
• provisions for confining fire at its source (resistive floors and
walls)
• exit discharge to a public way for safe dispersal
• protected exits (sealed from smoke and heat)

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• provide exit plan for each floor (displaying routes)
• provide self-closing fire resistive doors leading to corridors
• fire dampers in centralized air-conditioning systems
• roof vents for use by fire fighters
• properly marked and lighted exits with provision for
emergency lights and adequate illumination

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– prohibited acts
• obstructing exits
• obstructing passages of fire fighting vehicles or equipment
• interfering with the operations of fire service
• obstructing fire lanes and hydrants
• overcrowding (admission beyond authorized capacities in
places of assembly, except on ground floors where there are
sufficient exits)
• locking fire exits during periods where there are occupants
• preventing closure of automatic fire doors
• unjustified use of fire fighting equipment

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 • giving false or malicious alarms
• smoking on prohibited areas
• neglecting to provide safety measures
• tampering safety signs
• tampering with electrical system or overloading it
– August 26, 1977

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 Terms
• Classes
– A – wood, cloth, paper, rubber and plastics
– B – flammable liquid and gases
– C – fire involving energized electrical equipment
– D – involving combustible metals (such as magnesium, sodium,
potassium)
• Dry standpipe – not normally filled with water (water is
introduced by fire service connection when needed)
• high rise buildings – over 15m high
• plenum – air compartment or chamber to which ducts are
connected
• abatement – neutralize or remove a fire hazard
• damper – it is normally open, closes automatically to prevent
passage of fire or smoke

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• flash point – the lowest temperature at which the material will
give sufficient vapor to ignite when exposed to flame
• jumper – an electrical conductor used to bypass a safety device
• smokeproof tower – stairway enclosure so designed that
products of combustion is prevented from moving in
• fire escape ladders – not allowed as a form of escape

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– Suspension and Revocation of License
• signed on docs. that one has not prepared or supervised
• paid illegal amount in the application
• impersonation
• aided an illegal practice
*****

Approved: June 17, 1950

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BP 344 ● Enhancing the Mobility of
Disabled Persons

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 Batas Pambansa 220
– develop levels of standards and technical requirements
for economic and socialized housing projects
– for socialized and economic housing
• housing units that are affordable to average and low-income
earner (30% of the gross family income)
– it is a law that relaxes the provisions of the NBC for the
purpose of making the dwelling units more affordable
without compromising health, safety and enviromental
protection

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 Terms
• community facilities – to serve the common needs
(neighborhood center, health center, school); area is
determined by density (1% to 2.5% of gross area of subd.)
• dwelling – the residential building (min size is 4m x 5m)
• cluster housing – 3 or more single family attached dwelling
units group together to form compact structures (to use land
more densely)
• circulation system – major(8m) , minor(6.5m) , alley(3m),
footpath(2m)
• basic needs – water, circulation, storm drain, solid and liquid
disposal, power, park/playground
• ceiling height clearance – 2m
• doors– 2mH, 0.8mW, 0.7mW, 0.6mW and 1.60mH
• stairs – 600mmW

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 Other law related to housing
• PD 957 ● Sale of Subd Lots / Condo buyers protection
• PD 1216 ● defining open space
• RA 4726 ● Condominium act
• R.A. 7279 - Urban Development and Housing Act
– comprehensive and continuing urban development and housing program,
establish the mechanism for its implementation, and for other purposes
– a. Uplift the conditions of the underprivileged and homeless citizens in
urban areas and in resettlement areas by making available to them decent
housing at affordable cost, basic services, and employment opportunities;
– b. Provide for the rational use and development of urban land in order to
bring about the following:
– 1. Equitable utilization of residential lands in urban and urbanizable areas
with particular attention to the needs and requirements of the
underprivileged and homeless citizens and not merely on the basis of
market forces;
– 2. Optimization of the use and productivity of land and urban resources;

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– 3. Development of urban areas conducive to commercial and industrial
activities which can generate more economic opportunities for the
people;
– 4. Reduction in urban dysfunctions, particularly those that adversely
affect public health, safety and ecology; and
– 5. Access to land and housing by the underprivileged and homeless
citizens;
– a. Adopt workable policies to regulate and direct urban growth and
expansion towards a dispersed urban net and more balanced urban-rural
interdependence;
– b. Provide for an equitable land tenure system that shall guarantee
security of tenure to Program beneficiaries but shall respect the rights of
small property owners and ensure the payment of just compensation;
– c. Encourage more effective people’s participation in the urban
development process; and
– d. Improve the capability of local government units in undertaking urban
development and housing programs and projects.

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• P.D. 1151 - Philippine Environmental Policy
– Environmental Impact Statement
» prepare, file and include in every action, project or
undertaking which significantly affects the quality of the
environment a detailed statement on:
» the environmental impact of the proposed action,
» any adverse environmental effect which cannot be avoided
should the proposal be implemented;
» alternative to the proposed action;
» a determination that the short-term uses of the resources of
the environment are consistent with the maintenance and
enhancement of the long-term productivity of the same
» whenever a proposal involves the use of depletable or
nonrenewable resources, a finding must be made that such
use and commitment are warranted.
• P.D. 1152 - Philippine Environmental Code

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 Project Manual and Contract Docs
– Project Manual – a book containing all contract and
non-contract documents for a construction project
except the drawings
• Organization of the Project Manual
– bidding requirements
– parts of the contract (agreement and bond forms)
– general and supplementary conditions of the contract
– technical specifications

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• Bidding Requirements
– invitation, prequalification forms, instruction to bidders,
information to bidders, bid forms
• supplements to bid forms
– bid security, subcontractor list, substitutions
• contract forms
– agreement (owner-contractor), performance bond, labor and
materials payment bond, certificates of insurance
• general and supplementary conditions
– general conditions
• technical specifications

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 Specification writing
• specification – part of contract documents consisting of detailed
description of the technical nature of materials, standards,
quality of execution and work
• Two broad types:
– Prescriptive – (also called “closed”), specifies brand names,
product,
» proprietary specification – the most restrictive
» “approved equal” language, contractor may propose
substitution; can make the life of architect miserable
– Performance – (also called “open”), specifies results that are to be
achieved but gives the contractor the choice on how it will be
achieved; used in public projects in order to promote competition
» descriptive – like a “recipe” to be followed, quantities and
qualities of ingredients
» reference standard – reference to ASTM, AISC, NBC

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• Master Format
– CSI – Construction Specification Institute
– has 16 divisions
• Technical Sections
– Part 1- General
» scope, submittals, quality assurance, warranties, delivery,
storage, handling of materials
– Part 2 – Products
» manufacturers, standards and test methods, fabrication
– Part 3 – Execution
» examination, preparation, installation, application, quality
control, adjusting, cleaning and protection

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• Guidelines in writing specifications
– complete, accurate and unambiguous
– up to date references (standards)
– do not specify the results and at the same time the method (this
may conflict)
– use standards than can be measured
– avoid exculpatory clauses (broad way of shifting responsibility)
– avoid “and/or”, etc.,
– keep it short

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 Project Delivery
• Project delivery – the entire sequence of events needed to
provide the owner with a completed building
• Types of Contract
– single prime contract – one general contractor
– multiple prime contract – major portions are contracted
separately (e.g. mechanical, electrical), specialty contractors
favor this but make coordination difficult
– many prime contracts – used for fast track construction, some
work can proceed as soon as its drawings and specs are
available, other will have to wait, this overlaps the design
process
• design-award-build
• fast-track
• design-build

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 Contract Documents
• Drawings
– graphic presentation of work to be done
• Specifications
– written and verbal description of work
• General Conditions
– changes in the work, time, protection of persons and property,
insurance and bonds, correction of work, termination or
suspension of the contract
• Agreement
– compensation, description of work, date of commencement,
completion, liquidated damages, payment
• addenda
– changes before contract execution
• modifications
– changes after contract execution

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 Construction Administration
• Construction is the most important phase of “project delivery”.
• Architect reviews processes, shop drawings, submittals,
observes construction making sure it is consistent with the
contract, evaluates contractor accomplishment and request for
payments and administers the project closeout procedure
• Submittals – shop drawings, samples and product data
– shop drawings – illustrations showing how the contractor
proposes to supply and install the required work, very detailed
– sample – physical example of the portion of work, they become
standards of appearances and workmanship
– product data – brochure, charts, instructions

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• change orders – authorizing the variation from the original that
involves changes in cost and/or time. Architect prepares it, the
owner issues it to the contractor. All must approve this.
• field administration
– construction observation - familiarization
– rejecting work – non conforming work
– field tests
– documentation – “logbook”
– claims
– arbitration – resolving disputes
• Progress payments
– periodic payments (regular)
– final payment

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• Project Closeout
– when the building is made ready for occupancy
– substantial completion – when the building can be used, it is also
the termination of the contractors schedule.
– punchlist – a result of architect’s inspection, identifies the work
to be completed or corrected
» submit: warranties
» documentation
» certificate of occupancy
» extra stocks of material
» maintenance instruction to owner
» keys

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end

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