Topic: Linear Functions

Objectives
1. Define and illustrate a linear
function.
2. Graph a linear function given its table
of values, two points, x- and y-
intercepts, the slope and the y-
intercept, and the slope and a point.
Review
1. What is the slope of the line whose equation is ?
m=4
2. In no.1, what are the coordinates of the point
where the line crosses the y-axis? (0, -5)
3. If is called standard form of a linear equation,
what do you call ?
Slope-intercept form
4. What is the equivalent of 4x + 2y = 6 in the slope-
intercept form? y = -2x + 3
Lesson proper:
What is linear function?
Linear function is defined by where m is the slope
and b is the y-intercept, R and
The degree of the function is 1 and its graph is a
line.
Illustrative Example 1.
Is the function f defined by a linear function?
If yes, determine the slope m and the y-intercept b.
Solution:
Yes, the function f defined by is a linear function since
the highest exponent (degree) of x is 1 and it is written in
the form .
The slope m is 2 while the y-intercept b is 3.
Illustrative Example 2.
Is the function g defined by ga linear function?
If yes, determine the slope m and the y-intercept b.
Solution:
Yes, the function g is a linear function because it has a
degree 1.
Since g can be written as g,
its slope is -1 and y-intercept is 0.
Illustrative Example 3.
Is the function h defined by a linear function?
Solution:
The function h is not a linear function
because its degree ( the highest exponent of x) is 2 not 1.
A linear function can be described using its graph
Illustrative Example 4.
Determine the values of the function f if at Give their
meanings and ordered pairs.
Solution:
If x = -3, then f(x) = 2x - 1 becomes
f(-3) = 2(-3) -1
f(-3) = -6 -1
f(-3) = -7, which means the value of f at x = -3 is -7.
Or, if x = -3, then y = -7. This gives the ordered pair (-3,-7).
Recall that an ordered pair can be written (x,y).
If x = 0, then f(x) = 2x -1 becomes
f(0) = 2(0) -1
f(0) = 0 - 1
f(0) = -1, which means the value of f at x = 0 is -1.
Or, if x = 0, then y = -1. This gives another ordered pair (0,-1).
If x = 2, then f(x) = 2x – 1 becomes
f(2) = 2(2) -1
f(2) = 4 - 1
f(2) = 3, which means the value of f at x = 2 is 3.
Or, if x = 2, then y = 3. This gives the ordered pair (2, 3).
This implies that the graph of the function f will pass through
the points (-3,-7), (0,-1) and (2, 3).
Out of the values, we can have the table below:
x -3 0 2
f(x) -7 -1 3

With the use of table of values of x and y, the function can be

graphed as shown below
 x -3 0 2
f(x) -7 -1 3

(𝟐 ,𝟑)

(𝟎 ,− 𝟏)

(−𝟐, −𝟕)
 Graphs of Linear Equations
A linear function can be described by its equation, either in
the form y = mx + b or Ax + By = C.
A linear equation can also be described by its graph.
Graphing linear equations can be done using any of the four
methods:
1. Using two points
2. Using x- and y- intercepts
3. Using the slope and the y-intercept
4. Using the slope and a point
 Using 2 points
Illustrative Example
Graph the function y = 2x + 1.
You may assign any two values of x, say 0 and 1.
By substitution.
y = 2x+1 y = 2x + 1
y = 2(0) + 1 y = 2(1) + 1
y=0+1 y=2+1
y=1 y=3
So, the ordered pairs are (0, 1) and (1, 3).
This means that the line passes through these points.
Plot the points
(0, 1) and (1, 3)
then connect.
(𝟏 ,𝟑)
(𝟎 ,𝟏)
 Using x-intercept and y-intercept
Illustrative Example
Graph the function y = 2x + 1.
Solution:
To graph the equation y= 2x + 1 using this method, you need
to solve the x- intercept by letting y = 0
and the y- intercept by letting x = 0.
0 = 2x+1 y = 2(0) + 1
-2x = 1 y=0+1
x = -1/2 y= 1
The x-intercept a is –½ while the y-intercept b is 1.
Now, plot the x- and y-intercepts, then connect them.
The x-intercept
a = –½ while the
y-intercept b = 1.
𝟏
(− , 𝟎) (𝟎 ,𝟏)
𝟐
Using slope and one point
Illustrative Example
Graph the L.F. +5
given its point (1,3) (𝟔 ,𝟕)
and slope 4/5
+4
(𝟏,𝟑)
Solution:
Plot (1,3)
Find another point
using the slope 4/5
Practice Exercise:
Draw the graph of the linear
function using the given.
 1: Graph the
L.F. whose 2
(𝟐 ,𝟔)
points are (2,6)
and (-3, -4)
Solution:
Plot the points
then connect. (−𝟑,−𝟒)
2. Graph the function y =2x+4
Repeat the process
Solution:
Find 2 points of the line. Let x = 2
Assign any value to x y = 2(2)+4
Let x = -1 y = 4+4
Substitute x = -1 to y = 2x+4 Y=8
and then solve for y (2, 8)
y = 2(-1)+4 Plot the 2 points and
y =-2 + 4 then connect to form
Y=2
(-1,2)
the graph of the
equation.
 (𝟐 ,𝟖)
(−𝟏 , 𝟐)
3. Graph the L.F.
whose x-intercept
is -3 and
y-intercept is -6.
Solution:
a =-3
(-3,0) (−𝟑 , 𝟎)
b = -6
(0,-6) (𝟎 ,− 𝟔)
4. Graph L.F. 3x + 2y = -6
Solution:
Substitute 0 to y
to find the x-intercept
3x + 2(0) = -6
(−𝟐,𝟎)
3x = -6
X = -2 (−𝟐,𝟎)
Substitute 0 to x
to find the y-intercept
(𝟎 ,− 𝟑)
3(0) + 2y = -6
2y = -6
Y = -3 (𝟎,− 𝟑)
What I have learned
1. The least number of points needed to draw
2 .
the graph of a linear equation is ____
y = 0 and
2. To find the x-intercept, we let _____
x
then solve for ____.
x = 0 and
3. To find the y-intercept, we let _____
y
then solve for _______
4. True or False: To find two points of a line,
we can use any number to substitute for the
variable x. True
 Evaluation: True or False
1: This is the
graph of a linear
function whose 2
points are (-4,-6)
and (2, 4)
𝑻𝒓𝒖𝒆
2: This is the
graph of a L.F.
whose x-intercept
is 6 and
y-intercept is -4.

𝑭𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆
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